计算机英语第3讲教案.doc

一、短文The Structure of a MicrocomputerIn Chinese, the computer has a well-known name-“electrical brain”, for the working process of a computer is similar to that of a human brain very much.In appearance, a microcomputer has three simple parts: the main frame, the keyboard and the monitor. In other words, if you own these three parts, you would exactly have a microcomputer. A computer system is composed of software and hardware in the light of its working mode. If we compare the hardware to a human body, the software would be the soul.Just as a driver cant drive a car without driving skills or the car itself, you cant control a computer without controlling techniques or the computer itself. The controlling techniques are called software, while computers themselves and related devices are called hardware.The work of a computer is just making full use of various resources by the software set in the computer, and directing the hardware to realize marvelous functions.二、重点难点讲解1、structure 结构 the structure of 的结构2、microcomputer 微型计算机（简称微机） micro- 微观的，微小的 macro- 宏观的，巨大的，计算机中的宏（宏代码，宏病毒，宏其实就是一个批处理）3、electrical brain 电脑4、for 因为 句中for引导原因状语从句 e.g. 5、be similar to 与相似6、that 指代前面的the working process，并列结构 e.g.7、in appearance 从外表上看 appearance n. 外表，外貌，出现 appear v. 出现，出席8、main frame 主机（includes CPU，memory，main board， etc.）9、keyboard 键盘10、in other words 换句话说11、be composed of 由构成，由构成12、in the light of 由于，根据，鉴于13、compare to 把比作compare with 将与相比14、as 像一样15、cant drive a car without 双重否定，即肯定16、while 同时17、related devices 相关设备 relative 亲戚18、make full use of 充分利用，充分使用19、set in 内置的20、direct 指挥，指示 directory 目录，路径21、functions 功能（F1F12）三、译文在中文里，计算机有一个人所共知的称号“电脑”。这是因为计算机的工作过程与人的大脑的思维过程极为相似。从外表上看，微型计算机由简单的三部分构成：主机、键盘和显示器。换句话说，只要你拥有了这三部分，你就确实拥有了一台微型计算机。从计算机的工作过程看，计算机系统是由软件和硬件组成的。如果你将硬件比做人的躯体，那么，软件就好比人的灵魂。正像没有汽车或者没有汽车驾驶技术，司机就不能驾驶汽车一样，没有计算机或者没有控制计算机的技术就不能驾驭计算机。驾驭计算机的技术叫做软件，计算机及其各种设备本身叫做硬件。计算机的工作就是凭借安装在计算机里的软件，充分利用计算机的各种资源，并指挥硬件实现奇妙的用途。四、练习Are the following statements true or false according to the text?1. The computer is also called “electrical brain” in China.2. In appearance, a microcomputer has two parts: software and hardware.3. People compare the software to a human body and the hardware to the soul.4. The computer cant work without the software.5. The computers can perform many tasks.Answer the following questions according to the text.1. Why do Chinese people call computer “electrical brain”?2. What are the three simple parts of a microcomputer?3. What is a computer system composed of?4. Are the controlling techniques of the computer called software?5. What is the hardware referred to then?五、短文Basic Components of a MicrocomputerThere are many types of microcomputers. Here, we will use an IBM Personal Computer (PC) to illustrate the basic components of a microcomputer. Not all microcomputers are the same. Other brands and models of microcomputers are different in appearance and operation.The basic hardware components of an IBM PC are the main frame, the monitor, the keyboard, and many peripherals such as printer and mouse, all of which are hardwired to the main frame. The main frame is the heart of a microcomputer system. It contains the Central Processing Unit (CPU), a chip that controls the major operations of the computer, and the main memory.六、重点难点讲解1、basic 基本 Basic语言 VB（Visual Basic）2、component 成分，组成部分3、illustrate 阐述，说明，解释（多指用图示和例子）4、brand 品牌，商标5、peripheral 外设，外围设备6、printer 打印机7、mouse 鼠标8、hardwire 硬连线，用线连接起来9、a chip that controls the major operations of the computer 同位语10、chip 芯片11、main memory 主存七、译文微型计算机种类繁多。在这里，我们用IBM个人计算机（PC）来解释微型计算机的基本组成部分。并非所有的微机都是同样的，其他品牌和型号的微机在外貌和操作上各有不同。一台IBM PC计算机的主要硬件成分是主机、显示器、键盘以及许多与主机相连的外围设备，如打印机和鼠标。主机是微机系统的核心，它包括中央处理单元（CPU）和主存，CPU是一块控制计算机主要操作的芯片。八、练习Are the following statements true or false according to the text?1. The microcomputers are also called PCs.2. The microcomputers are different in appearance but the same in operations.3. Different models of microcomputers are used to perform the same tasks.4. Printer belongs to the peripherals of the microcomputer.5. The CPU and the main memory are in the main frame.Answer the following questions according to the text.1. What are the basic