四级听力词汇总结handout.doc

四级听力考前辅导handout对话部分的应试技巧 听力测试的对话内容主要是日常生活中的一般交际内容，涉及到衣、食、住、行、工作和学习等。对话的题材主要谈工作情况、职业特点、家庭计划、行为动机、事件背景、人物动态、行动意图等。根据近年，尤其是2003年6月四级听力测试的试题来看，听力材料中的句子结构渐趋复杂，主从复合句明显增加，隐含否定题型，言外之意题型和重复反问题型时有出现，而且语境材料偏长，信息量大、选项相对较长，这就使四级听力的难度大大增加，考虑到听力测试命题的这种趋势，同学们更应该明确主攻方向，针对听力测试的重点和难点，做好复习备考工作。1有关“对话”部分中的常见短语与表达方式：（1）职业与身份： a, 教师与学生 能的场景：学生问老师问题；学生寻求老师帮助；学生询问老师对作业的意见；老师要求学生校对论文打印错误。 常见词与短语：textbook, course, subject, homework, assignment, test, quiz, tuition, school record （成绩单）, credits（学分）, registration, quit school, term paper, thesis（毕业论文）, band（乐队）,StudentsUnion, gymnasium, homecoming（校友聚会）, dormitory, teaching building，do research for , professor, semester, work as ones teaching assistant, assistance, assist, trouble a professor, may I ask you a few questions, I have a class at ten, come in ones office hours, finish reading ones research report, revise (improve) some parts of it, get it published, read some papers he recommended, correct all the typing errors in a paper, read it through again, check the paper for typing errors等。b, 图书馆管理员与学生 常见词与短语: library, book for reading assignment, magazine, periodical, fiction, reading room, library card, library catalogue（图书馆的图书目录）, loan desk（借书处）, journal, reference book, stacks（书库）, shelves, renew, due（到期的）, overdue（过期的）, close, open, weekend, weekday, check out, volume two (ten), check for sb., borrow, one the upper shelf, a book hard to identify/ is missing, has been misplaced 等。c, 营业员与顾客 常见词与短语: on sale, bargain, price, out of style （老式）, fashion, ready-made（成衣）, cloth pattern（花纹，图案）, tip, cash or charge （付现金还是记账）,department store, cashier, supermarket, daily necessities, check-out stand（付款柜台）, receipt, shop assistant, salesman, clerk等。d，饭店与顾客 常见词与短语: seasoning （调味品）, menu, wine, drink, food, snack, banquet-tray（餐盘）, paper napkin（纸餐巾）, go Dutch（各自付账），receptionist, service counter, a single room, a double room, customer, manager, boss, well-done（全熟的）, underdone（半熟的）等。e，医生与病人 常见词与短语: hospital, doctor, nurse, patient, operation, ward, physician, medicine, surgery, hospital registers office（挂号处）, outpatient department（门诊部）, emergency department（急诊部）, to suffer from, to give an infection, to give first-aid treatment（急诊）等。(2)地点与方向a，Hospital(医院) 常见词与短语: blood pressure, cough, fever, a headache, pills, tablets, take ones temperature, take medicine, patient, doctor, nurse, dentist, a physical examination, physician, prescribe, prescription等。b，Bank(银行) 常见词与短语: account, bank clerk, current account(活期存款帐户), check, service charge, cash the cheque, saving/check account(储蓄/支票帐户), interest rate, to open a current/ deposit account等。c，Hotel(宾馆) 常见词与短语:hotel, motel, a single/double room, a suite, book a room, check in/out, register, fill in a room, make a reservation, lobby, Room Service, reception, front desk, porter, tip等。d, Railway station(火车站)常见词与短语: train, platform, passenger, check in/out, catch a train, miss a train, fail to catch a train等e, Bus station/stop(汽车站) 常见词与短语:conductor, passenger, fare, next stop, the terminal station(终点站)等。f，Airport or on plane(飞机场或在飞机上) 常见词与短语: airliner, airlines, land, take off, flight, on board, boarding card, departure, arrival, destination, cancel a flight, delay, check in, luggage, fasten the safe belt, crew 等。g. Library(图书馆) 常见词与短语: librarian, assistant, call number, book, due, overdue, return, renew, borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, fine(罚款), fiction, novel, magazine, bookshelf等。h, Movie/Theatre(影剧院) 常见词与短语: film, movie, play, show, drama, row, seat, be on (上演，上映), performance, program, Shakespeare, Oscar, ticket, check in, The Twelfth Night等。 Lord of the Rings, Star War i，Store(商店) 常见词与短语: department store, the grocers, drug store, shop, go shopping, market, on sale, sell well, size ,type, fashion, style, color, cost, price, counter, brand, cash, check, assistant, May I help you? What can I do for you? How much does it cost? Here you are. pay, buy, purchase, change(零钱), US dollars, Hong Kong dollars, pounds, shelling, penny等。j，School/University(学校) 常见词与短语:campus, department, dean, college, professor, teacher, student, tutor, lecturer, headmaster, principal, lecture, academic report, textbook, semester, examination, test, lab， required course(必修课), elective course(选修课), gymnasium, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, undergraduate, graduate, post graduate, grade, bachelors degree, masters degree, doctors degree等。k，Restaurant(餐馆) 常见词与短语: make a reservation, order(点菜), soft drink, wine, beer, brandy, whisky, dessert, salad, soup, bread, rice, noodle, potato, tomato, beef, meat, pork, chicken, mutton, pie, roast, fry, steam(蒸), a dish, main food, menu, Help yourself, Im full. cook, delicious, taste, smell, waiter, waitress, pay the bill, cash, go Dutch(各付各的帐)等。l，Post office(邮局) 常见词与短语: post, mail, postage, stamp, envelope, parcel, air-mail, EMS(Emergent Mail Service), registered mail, transfer(汇款), postcard, telegram, fax(facsimile), cable(电报)等。m, Customs house(海关) 常见词与短语: declare (报关), clear/clearance(customs clearance清关), tariff(关税), pay duty on, duty free, fill in the form, article(物品), passenger, smuggling/smuggle, drugs, illegal, legal等。 n, Meeting(会议) 常见词与短语: deliver a speech, preside, host, chairman/chairperson, conclude, propose, suggest, for, against, agree, disagree, reinforce, argue, debate, dispute, solution, decide/decision 等。o, Dance & party(舞会/聚会) 常见词与短语: gather, together, DJ, disco, have a ball, dance with, music, band, dancer, singer, May I have the pleasure of next dance? 等。p, Gas station(加油站) 常见词与短语: pull in/out, petrol, gasoline, fill in the tank, litre等q, At home(家里) 常见词与短语: housework, go to bed, retire to bed, housewife, sitting room, bedroom, washing room, do cooking, gardening, take a rest, in the garden等。r, Court(法庭) 常见词与短语: your honor, jury, judge, justice, case, counselor, recess, lawyer, witness, victim, proof, identity, suspicion, to be executed sentence(裁决), imprisonment, execution, laws, legal, illegal, defendant, complainant等。 听力中与动词搭配使用最多的是out，因为out代表一种极端的状态，很彻底。run out of 用完了check out 借书；办理出院手续；彻底检查；退房（check in 开房）；结帐离开wear out 穿破be worn out （物）破旧；（人）疲惫make out 辨认出figure out 想清楚，弄明白She has a figure that kills. 身材很棒。She has a face that kills. 长得非常漂亮work out 想清楚，弄明白，解决问题；（gym场景）拼命锻炼help out 帮个大忙find out 打听，查明真相dine out 外出吃饭，下馆子cafeteria 饭堂，自助餐厅【学校的饭菜不好吃】cook out 在外野餐hang out 闲逛turn out (to be) 事实证明 医院的线索词：operation 手术infirmary （校内）医务室；cafeteria 饭堂；tuition 学费treat, treatment 治疗（过程）cure 治愈（结果）study, learn; search, find; try, manageclinic 诊所ward 病房student health center 学生健康中心medical center 医疗中心prescribe 开处方；preview 预习；interview 面试；international 国际的fill the prescription 抓药refill the prescription 再抓药check out 办理出院手续emergency department 急诊室打电话场景：come up 突然来临reschedule 重新安排时间fit me in 安排run out of coin 硬币用光cut off 通话被中断hang up 挂断电话receiver 听筒hook 挂钩telephone book 电话簿yellow pages 电话簿yellow press 色情出版物dial the number 打电话打电话步骤：look up the number in the telephone; pick up the receiver;drop the coins in the slot 投币孔; dial the number you wanted.天气一般极端不好。2. fog 大雾，浓雾 mist 薄雾 shower 阵雨 pour 倾盆大雨 high wind 大风 gale 狂风blizzard 大风雪3. let up 雨停了 clear up 天放晴warm up 天变暖4. super hot 特别热 burning hot 特别热freezing cold 冰冷 icy cold 冰冷机场线索词：airplane 飞机；flight 航班；take off 起飞；land 降落；circle 盘旋；wing 机翼，侧面建筑（常用），听到wing想起 museum. Do you like the new exibit. Yes, I like it, especially the new wings(侧面的建筑，博物馆等)机翼minal 候机大厅，终端（常用），终点站Appendix 1:历年真题重点考词分类记忆1 近形异义词辨析（52组）adopt, adapt, adjust;/ attribute, distribute, contribute;attain, maintain, sustain, retain, contain;/ ashamed, shameful, shameless;act, action, activity;/amaze, amuse;/assemble, accumulate;affect, effect, infect,;/admit, commit, submit, permit;considerable, considerate, considering;/ coarse, course;contract, contact, contrast, contrary;/complimentary, complementary;confirm, conform, concord;/conceive, deceive, perceive;/dairy, diary;consist, assist, insist, persist, resist;/conserve, reserve, preserve;/decay, delay;dedicate, delicate;/desert, dessert;/effective, efficient, sufficient;/definite, infinite;decent, descent;/diversity, version;/expansive, expensive;/hostility, hospitality;imaginable, imaginary, imaginative;/loyal, royal;/inform, perform, reform;later, latter;/literal, literary, literate;/perspective, prospective;/physician, physicist;precede, proceed;/prescribe, inscribe, subscribe, describe;/nuisance, nonsense, bore;/precious, previous;/project, reject, inject;/principal, principle;/relieve, release;/reserve, reverse, revise;resume, presume, assume, consume;/spit, split;/stationary, stationery;successful, successive;/staff, stuff;/strip, stripe;transport, transmit, transform, transfer, transparent;/unlike, dislike, alike;wander, wonder.2近义异形词辨析（23组）accuse, blame, charge;/aggressive, ambitious;/affair, accident, case, incident, event;bare, blank, empty, hollow, vacant;/capability, capacity;/conserve, preserve, reserve;continual, continuous, constant, consistent;/change, convert, alter, transform, vary;entitle, grant;/false, artificial, unnatural, unreal;group, herd, swarm, litter, flock, company;/hide, conceal;/intensive, extensive, densemistake, fault, error, defect, blunder, flaw;/raise, rise, arise, arouse;reveal, expose, discover;/protect, save, shield, shelter;/rare, scarce, insufficient, inadequate;/spot, stain;/reject, refuse, decline, deny;shake, shiver, shudder, quake;/sight, view, vision, glimpse;/worth, worthy, worthwhile四级必背动词1. consume v. t,;fa/g2. spit v. ii(l);n-3. spill v. IB,fll,94. slip v. -5,?-;111-5. transform v. $,_2;t6. transmit v. li,i;:h7. transplant v. 18. shift v. -,;5;9. vary v. tg,;JS(C-J610. vanish vi. fi,X,3X11. accelerate vt. ;IJll,J!2. appreciate vt. -;,n,13. approve v. v,?14. stimulate vt. ll(t,j15. acquire vt. ,!;.zlJ16. accomplish vt.,2;:17. wander vi. :,118. weaver. ,19. preserve v. ,t20. abuse v. I,;21. oblige v. _%,/,/J;.l22. decay vi. 2,$523. tend vi. -,lh24. undergo v. x,.25. adoptv, qC;,t4q;ttl26. adapt vi.J_,/3Y.,h_;-d, vt.f_)/.27. expel v. ,f:,28. expendv. 129. expand v. ;-;k,;,ff-K;fl:,J.30. grant vt. ,F,331. invade v. :2,X,1;1,:32. acknowledge v. I.);(l33. calculate vt. -,g34. impose vt. .;Ol(on);3q,35. offend v. J,jlJP36. bother v. :l,J37. interfere v. :,-);3j/4l38. isolate vt. 15q,ffS32/.39. adhere vi. $/q,llfJ;i:;,!-40. ban vt. g,Y,;,lk41. capture vt. $,42. explode v. ;43. exploitv. l;31,y44. explore v. J45. render vt. 3,1546. identify vt. $,k,47. resolve vt. ffl-);5,?,*,48. advertise v. Y.J49. forbid vt. i.-,lL50. enclose vt. F51. scan vt. ;J/:t;,52. decline v. ,i;ll53. emphasize vt. J_g,54. devise vt. n,lJ,*dl55. pursue vt. .;513.;)-$,L:5:56. deserve vt. /,._v.,1I57. insure vt. .(,i/E,ffi58. spray v. n;59. compete vi. )v,g60. distribute vt. 61. disturb vt. :l:,J/462. inferv. $,ltfi:63. integrate v.(into,with)f/J-21$,64. promote vt. ;-65. cancel vt. /,fSJ;66. cope vi. (with)OS:rJ3:tg)4,-j,?-67. maintain vt. ,-$,;:,lq68. commit vt. g($,-),5:($)69. distinguish vt. ,jl70. yawn vi. 71. dash vi. ig,-,72. dive vi. lO/Jq,/Jq73. entitle vt. .$y,l,74. regulate vt. ,Jq75. exaggerate v. :JC,q76. shrink vi. ftl/,;77. subtract v. (-J-)78. adjust v: ig_;.,g-l79. attach vt. ,l;-flfq80. reinforce vt. c,381. reject vt. :J:82. dump vt. q7lJ,fI83. decorate vt. &/,/1384. prohibit vt. l.k,ft85. undertake vt. Cg_B,-T-;,86. omit vt.