职称英语（综合类）精选模拟试题之阅读理解.doc

职称英语（综合类）精选模拟试题之阅读理解(1)Medical Journals Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature.Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue.Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.1. The main readers of medical journals are _A） the general public.B）health professionals.C） medical critics.D）news reporters.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A） Many medical journals also publish online.B） A few medical journals are general medical journals.C） Most medical journals publish only online.D） Most medical journals are specialty journals.3. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage?A） Five.B） Seven.C） Four.D） Six.4. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called _A） a research article.B） a review article.C） a case report.D） an editorial.5. Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on _A） any medical event.B） articles published in the same issue.C） articles published in that journal.D） medical development.第2篇 Ford Abandons Electric VehiclesThe Ford motor companys abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology, analysts say.General Motors and Honda ceased production of battery-powered cars in 1999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumer. Ford has now announced it will do the same.Three years ago, the company introduced the Think City two-seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think Neighbor. It hoped to sell 5,000 cars each year and 10,000 carts. But a lack of demand means only about l,000 of the cars have been produced, and less than 1,700 carts have been sold so far in 2002.“The bottom line is we dont believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market.”Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday,“We feel we have given electric our best shot.”The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time. General MotorsEVI electric vehicle also had a limited range of about 100 miles.The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petrol-powered alternatives. An electric Toyota RAV4 EV vehicle costs over $42,000 in the US, compared with just $17,000 for the petrol version. Toyota and Nissan are now the only major auto manufacturers to produce electric vehicles.“There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its chance. Ford now has to move on with its hybrid program, and that is what we will be judging them on,”Roger Higman, a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth, told the Environment News Service.Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold well. Hybrid engines Offer Greater mileage than petrol-only engines, and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks such vehicles will help it meet planned new guidelines“on vehicle emissions” in the US.However, it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permit. In June, General Motors and Daimler Chrysler won a court injunction, delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring car-makers to offer 100,000 zero-emission and other low-emission vehicles in the state by 2003. Car manufacturers hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low-emission, rather than zero-emission, vehicles.1. What have the Ford motor company General Motors and Honda done concerning electric cars?A） They have started to produce electric cars.B） They have done extensive research on electric cars.C） They have given up producing electric cars.D） They have produced thousands of electric cars.2. According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe，battery-powered cars _ .A）will be the main transportation vehicles in the futureB）will not be the main transportation vehicles in the futureC）will be good to the environment in the futureD）will replace petrol-powered vehicles in the future3. Which auto manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles?A）Toyota and NissanB）General Motors and HondaC）Ford and ToyotaD）Honda and Toyota4. According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid carsA）offer fewer mileage than petrol driven cars.B）run faster than petrol driven cars.C）run more miles than petrol driven cars.D）offer more batteries than petrol driven cars.5. Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph?A）Low-emission cars should be banned.B）Only zero-emission cars are allowed to run on motorways.C）The legislation will encourage car makers to produce more electric cars.D）The legislation will allow more low-emission to be produced.第3篇 New USPlan for Disease PreventionUrging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes.The initiative highlights the cost of chronic diseases 一 the leading causes of death in the United States and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.“In the United States today, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,”the Health and Human Services Department said in a statementThe causes are often behaviora smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.“I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future,”Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiatiative.“Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the escalating costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices.”Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003.“These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for US to lead healthier, longer lives，”he saidThe $15 million is slated to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening, including Pap tests for cervical cancer, mammograms for breast cancer, colonoscopies, and prostate checksIf such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.词汇：diabetes 糖尿病behavioral adj行为方面的slate vt预定，规划cervical adj子宫颈的colonoscopy n结肠镜检查initiative n主动的行动，倡议escalate vi逐步上升；逐步增强nutritionist n营养学家mammogram n乳房x线照片prostate adj前列腺的1. Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?A）They account for 70 of all deaths.B）They are responsible for most of the health care costs.C）They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.D）They are largely preventable.2. The author mentions all the following as ways of disease prevention EXCEPTA）better diet.B）increased exercise.C）reduction on smoking.D）higher survival rate for cancer.3. The article indicates that more money spent on disease prevention will mean _ .A）greater responsibility of the governmentB）much less money needed for disease treatmentC）higher costs of health careD）more 1ifestyle choices for people4. The $15 million program is aimed at _ .A）promoting disease preventionB）building more sidewalksC）helping needy communitiesD）wiping out chronic diseases5. Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly _ .A）the death rates for all chronic diseasesB）the kinds of cancer attacking peopleC）the cancer incidence rateD）cancer death rate答案部分第一篇：正确答案 15 BCABC答案解析 1. B分析：细节题。问题问及“医疗杂志的主要读者”，借助题干中的main readers作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.（该句间接回答了问题向内科医生和其他健康专家提供医疗信息，所以答案是B.）2. C分析：细节题。发现被选项在内容上都是涉及到“医疗杂志的出版”，所以借助publish作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet（该句与A内容一致），and some journals publish only online（该句直接与C矛盾）A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine.（该句与B内容一致）Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.（该句与D内容一致）3. A分析：细节题。该题涉及到文章类型。注意文章中提及文章类型的句子。这样发现答案相关句：Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of Review articles summarize and analyze Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals. Editorials provide perspective on Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of 4. B分析：细节题。利用题干中的核心结构different studies on the same topic作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature（该句说“综述文章是在对医学文献进行了仔细的查询后找出的有关某一具体主题的信息进行汇总和分析”）Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic （“对于同一主题的不同研究结果的汇总”在含义上与上句“综述文章”的目的一致，因此判断B是答案。）can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease5 C分析：借助题干中的核心结构Letters to the editor和express comments on作为答案线索，这样在文章最后部分找到答案相关句：Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments， questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.（该句内容直接回答了问题：对杂志上发表的文章进行评论，提出问题或提出批评意见。）第二篇：正确答案 1-5 CBACD答案解析 1C 第一段第一个句子告诉我们福特汽车公司放弃了电动汽车，第二段说通用汽车公司和本田汽车公司停止生产电动汽车。2B 第四段第一个句子是Tim Holmes对电动汽车未来的评价，他认为未来的交通运输的大众市场不可能是电动汽车。3A 答案的依据是第六段最后一句。4C 答案的依据是倒数第二段第二句。5D 答案的依据是文章的最后一句：the legislation will be written to allow for low-emission, rather than zero-emission, vehicles.第三篇：正确答案1-5 CDBAD答案解析 1 C 从文章的第三、六段分别可以看出，在美国，70的死亡是由慢性病造成的，绝大多数医疗费用也花在慢性病的治疗上，而不健康的生活方式会引发慢性病，而不是慢性病引发不健康的生活方式。慢性病很大程度上是可以预防的。2 D 从文章的第二、四段可以排除A、B和C三个选项。3 B 从文章的第三、六、七段可以看出，慢性病的治疗花费极高。适当投资于疾病的预防可以大大减少这种花费。4 A 从文章第一段可以看出，该项目的主要目的是促进疾病的预防。5 D 从文章的最后一段可以看出，早期癌症检查有助于大大提高癌症存活率，即大大降低癌症死亡率。职称英语（综合类）精选模拟试题之阅读理解(2)3.阅读理解 第1篇 Goal of American EducationEducation is all enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite. Schools ale expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and“Americanizing”the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time learning how to use resource materials libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.This is Americas answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time:“How Can one prepare todays child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?”词汇：privileged adj享有特权的elite n精英，精华curricula n课程underlying adj潜在的reason v推理1Which of the following best states the goal of American education?A）To teach every learner some practical skills.B）To provide every learner with rich knowledge.C）To give every student the opportunity to fully develop hisher ability.D）To train every student to be a responsible citizen.2It is implied in the passage that _ .A）all high-school students take the same coursesB）every high school student must take some practical ability training coursesC）every public school offers the same academic subjectsD）the subjects every student takes may vary3American schools place great emphasis on the learners _ .A）enrichment of knowledgeB）accumulation of factsC）acquisition of the ability to be creativeD）acquisition of the ability to work with his hands4According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT _ .A）the brightest studentsB）the slow studentsC）the students from foreign countriesD）the immigrants5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?A）The large number of its schools.B）The variety of the courses offered in its schools.C）Its special consideration given to immigrants.D）Its underlying goal to develop every childs abilities to the fullest extent.4.阅读理解 第2篇 Common Problems, Common SolutionsThe chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago and decided its not for you.The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers there are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well.And finally its a pretty safe bet that youre open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers or you wouldnt be reading this.And those three things make you incredibly important today.Because they mean that yours is the voice not the smokers and not the anti-smokers that will determine how much of societys efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together.For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when all is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent health organization, to cite but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on education （much of it in anti-smoking propaganda） and only 2 cents on research.There will always be some who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give t