大学英语语法.doc

College English Grammarhad+Would+bewereWould+Should+Should()Would()+,:have been doingParticular forms will express their particular meanings/I have been coming to Beijing for fourteen years.1414Have been doing comehave been comingFather: Do you drinkYoung Man: No,thanks,Im cool.Father: Im asking If you drink. Do you think Id offer alcohol to teenage drivers taking my daughter outDo you drinkwhat learners should say,what native speakers of English actually do say and whyThe first and most important step in gaining over the language is gaining control over its grammar. It is the knowledge of grammar that yields access to the rich possibilities of the language and the means to use it.-H.Sweetthink much,a textbook grammara mental grammarpractice much:noun(verb)(adjective)(article)(numeral)(preposition)(pronoun)(conjunction)(adverb),()SV()SVO()SVP()SVOOC()SVIODO()There be + O (There be)(),()I left the beautiful city Beijing yesterday. ,Feeling upset and not wanting to try, I left the citywhich I loved.,(),The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services thatthey want most. (1994passage 1) 1The summer vacation is happy. (F)We/They had a good time in the summer vacation. (T)(We/They/He/I )2The weather was so bad. It blew hard and rained heavily all the day.It3Dont lose heart if you dont pass the exam.you.1Your English is excellent. (F)You are excellent in English. ( T )2Mr Smiths eyes are blind. (F)Mr Smith is blind in both eyes. ( T )1Please come at six if you are convenient. (F)Please come at six if it is convenient to you. (T)2You are difficult to persuade him out of going shopping. ( F )It is difficult for you to persuade him out of going shopping. ( T )English is difficult to learn for some people.1The book worth reading. ( F )The book is worth reading. (T )2My parents very busy every day. ( F )My parents are very busy every day. ( T ) 1He married with her. (with )2Ill do what the Party and the people require me. ( require of)3I have begun to learn English for ten years. (F)It has been ten years since I began to learn English. (T)4How long can I borrow this magazine (F)How long can I keep this magazine (T)(borrow how long )5Father went to bed until midnight. (F)Father didnt go to bed until midnight. Or: Father stayed up until midnight. (T)The doctor suggest that he drinks two glass of milk every day. (F)The doctor suggests that he (should) drink two glasses of milk every day. (T)1The watermelon divides into eight equal shares. (F)The watermelon is divided into eight equal shares. (T)2Looking at in this way, the situation doesnt seem so disappointing. (F)Looked at in this way, the situation doesnt seem so disappointing. (T),The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element ()and prevented the decline in efficiency (and)that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms (that)in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.(1996passage 3)Please sit down!I am a teacher./I am not a teacher./Are you a teacherIf I were you, I would do better.Imperative moodIndicative moodSubjunctive moodCET-4:2006.6The professor required that we hand in our research report (s) .()CET-6:2007.6It is absolutely unfair that these children(should) be deprived of the right to receive education . ().Its time something was done/some measures were taken () about the traffic problem downtown.CET-4:2006.12The victim would have survived()if he had been taken to hospital in time.CET-6:2007.12But for mobile phone, our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.()CET-6:2007 If you had followed my advice/ suggestion, you would not have been in trouble.( ).(should)+wish, if only, it is timeifbut for1.1 beWere1.2 beBebe1It is +that it is +that should+The teacher insisted that we be in his office at 5 oclock.The general ordered that his troops retreat from the frontline.All I request of you is that you be punctual.It is essential that the new technique be introduced.It is imperative that you present yourself at the meeting.Instructions are issued that the war prisoners be released.It is the committees decision that the meeting be put off until next Friday.beadvise,agree,decide,demand,insist,move,order,prefer, propose, request,require,suggestdecision,advice.demand,instruction,order,insistence, proposal, requirement,resolution,suggestionadvisable,desirable,appropriate,essential,fitting, important,imperative,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper,vital,urgentIf that be the case, we have to give up our original plan.Whatever be your reason, you have no rightto be rude to your elders.They evacuated the building lest the wall collapse.Though he slay me, will I trust in himLong live our motherlandGod save his soul.Far be it from me to accept his advice blindly.Home is home, be it ever so homely.We can always lend you a helping hand if need be.1.3 wereWere bewereWereWishIf only, as if, would rather/sooner, it is time bewere,We earnestly wish he were here with us sharing our happiness.I do wish the frightful calamity had not befallen us.If only his advice had been acted upon.How dare you come in as if you owned the placeI would rather we had dinner now.I would sooner he stayed at home.It is high time you turned over a new leaf.1.4 1. 4.1If his suggestions had been acted upon, circumstances would have been entirely different.If it hadnt rained so heavily I would surely have come to your meeting on Friday afternoon.If he knew you are here, he would certainly come to see you .If she dyed her hair a little darker, she would look much younger.If the sun should rise in the west, I would not change my mind.1. 4.2ifbehaveifWere it not for the heavy fog, the plane would have taken off on schedule.Were he allowed to exercise a choice, which would he choose of the threeShould there be a misfortune, how could its loss be lightenedHad I known of your difficulties I would have helped you .1. 4.3 If it had not been for the prolonged drought in May ,we should reap a bumper harvest this year.Had he not turned a deaf ear to my warning, he would not be in such a difficult situation.Had he enough courage he would certainly take your challenge.Had you worked a bit harder, you would not have to be so extremely worried about the coming examination now.1. 4.4 We could not have achieved such brilliant achievement in the war without the selfless support from the allied forces.The plan would have turned out to be quite effective under other circumstances.He would have got much higher scores in the final examination, but he was so lazy.It was snowing heavily or we could have got there on time.With more capital, I would have succeeded.The same thing, happening in a crowded place, would have brought a great disaster.But for the doctors skill, he would have died.Five minutes earlier, and we could have caught the last train.To hear him speak English, youd take him for an American.Exercise One1. If the earth suddenly _ spinning, we would all fly off it.1990 6A. stoppedB. had stoppedC. has stoppedD. would stop2. How should the city be run If I _ a mayor, I would make the streets