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离散数学双语专业词汇表Abelian group:交换(阿贝尔)群absorption property:吸收律acyclic:无(简单)回路的adjacent vertices:邻接结点adjacent vertices:邻接结点adjacent vertices:邻接结点algorithm verification:算法证明algorithm:算法alphabet:字母表alternating group:交替群analogous:类似的analysis of algorithm:算法分析antisymmetric:反对称的approach:方法,方式argument:自变量associative:可结合的associative:可结合的asymmetric:非对称的backtracking:回溯base 2 exponential function:以2为底的指数函数basic step:基础步biconditional, equivalence:双条件式,等价bijection, one-to-one correspondence:双射,一一对应binary operation on a set A:集合A上的二元运算binary operation:二元运算binary relation:二元关系(complete) binary tree:(完全)二元(叉)树bland meats:未加调料的肉block, cell:划分块,单元Boolean algebra:布尔代数Boolean function:布尔函数Boolean matrix:布尔矩阵Boolean polynomial, Boolean expression:布尔多项式(表达式)Boolean product:布尔乘积bounded lattice:有界格brace:花括号bridge:桥,割边by convention:按常规,按惯例cancellation property:消去律capacity:容量cardinality:基数,势category:类别,分类catenation:合并,拼接ceiling function:上取整函数certain event:必然事件characteristic equation:特征方程characteristic function: 特征函数chromatic number of G:G的色数chromatic polynomial:着色多项式circuit design:线路设计circuit:回路closed under the operation:运算对是封闭的closed with respect to:对是封闭的closure:闭包collision:冲突coloring graphs:图的着色column:列combination:组合common divisor:公因子 commutative: 可交换的commutative:可交换的commuter:经常往来于两地的人comparable:可比较的compatible with:与相容compatible:相容的complement of B with respect to A:A与B的差集complement:补元complementary relation:补关系complete graph:完全图complete match:完全匹配complete n-tree:完全n-元树component sentence:分句component:分图composition:复合composition:关系的复合compound statement:复合命题 conditional statement, implication:条件式,蕴涵式congruence relation:同余关系congruent to:与同余conjecture:猜想conjunction:合取connected:连通的connected:连通的connection:连接connectivity relation:连通性关系consecutively:相继地consequent, conclusion:结论,后件 constructive proof:构造性证明contain(in):包含(于)contingency:可满足式contradiction, absurdity:永假(矛盾)式contrapositive:逆否命题conversation of flow:流的守恒converse:逆命题conversely:相反地coordinate:坐标coset:陪集countable(uncountable):可数(不可数)counterexample;反例counting:计数criteria:标准,准则custom:惯例cut:割cycle:回路cyclic permutation:循环置换,轮换de Morgans laws:德摩根律declarative sentence:陈述句degree of a vertex:结点的度depot:货站,仓库descendant:后代diagonal matrix:对角阵die:骰子digraph:有向图dimension:维(数)direct flight:直飞航班discipline:学科disconnected:不连通的discrete graph(null graph):零图disjoint sets: 不相交集disjunction:析取distance:距离distinguish:区分distributive lattice:分配格distributive:可分配的distributive:可分配的division:除法dodecahedron:正十二面体domain:定义域doubly linked list:双向链表dual:对偶edge:边edge:边element, member:成员,元素empty relation:空关系empty sequence(string):空串empty set:空集end point:端点entry(element):元素equally likely:等可能的,等概率的equivalence class:等价类equivalent relation:等价关系Euclidian algorithm:欧几里得算法,辗转相除法Euler path(circuit):欧拉路径(回路)event:事件everywhere defined:处处有定义的excess capacity:增值容量existence proof:存在性证明existential quantification:存在量词化expected value:期望值explicit: 显式的extensively:广泛地,全面地extremal element:极值元素factor:因子factorial:阶乘finite (infinite) set:有限(无限)集finite group:有限(阶)群floor function:下取整函数free semigroup generated by A:由A生成的自由半群frequency of occurrence:出现次数(频率)function, mapping, transformation:函数,映射,变换GCD(greatest common divisor):最大公因子gender:性别generalize:推广generic element:任一元素graduate school:研究生院graph:(无向)图graph:无向图greatest(least) element:最大(小)元greedy algorithm:贪婪算法group:群growth of function:函数增长Hamiltonian path(circuit):哈密尔顿路径(回路)hashing function:杂凑函数Hasse diagram:哈斯图height:树高homomorphic image:同态像homomorphism:同态hypothesis: 假设,前提,前件idempotent:等幂的idempotent:幂等的identity function on A:A上的恒等函数identity(element):么(单位)元identity:么元,单位元impossible event:不可能事件inclusion-exclusion principle:容斥原理in-degree:入度indirect method:间接证明法induction step:归纳步informal brand:不严格的那种inorder search:中序遍历intersection:交intuitively:直觉地inverse:逆关系inverse:逆元inverse:逆元inverter:反向器invertible function:可逆函数involution property:对合律irreflexive:反自反的isolated vertex:孤立结点isomorphism:同构isomorphism:同构join:,保联,并join:并Karnaugh map:卡诺图Kernel:同态核key:键Klein 4 group:Klein四元群Konisberg Bridge problem:哥尼斯堡七桥问题Kruskals algorithm:Kruskal算法labeled digraph:标记有向图lattice:格LCM(least common multiple):最小公倍数leaf(leave):叶结点least upper(greatest lower) bound:上(下)确界level:层,lexicographic order:字典序likelihood:可能性linear array(list):线性表linear graph:线性图linear homogeneous relation of degree k:k阶线性齐次关系linear order(total order):线序,全序linearly ordered set, chain:线(全)序集,链 linked list:链表linked-list representation:链表表示logarithm function to the base n:以n为底的对数 logical connective:命题联结词logically equivalent:(逻辑)等价的logically follow:是的逻辑结论logician:逻辑学家loop:自回路lower order:低阶main diagonal:主对角线map-coloring problem:地图着色问题 matching function:匹配函数matching problems:匹配问题mathematical structure(system):数学结构(系统)matrix:矩阵maximal match:最大匹配maximal(minimal) element:极大(小)元maximum flow:最大流meet:保交,交meet:交minimal spanning tree:最小生成树minterm:极小项modular lattice:模格modulus:模modus ponens:肯定律modus tollens:否定律 monoid:含么半群,独异点multigraph:多重图multiple:倍数multiplication table:运算表multi-valued function:多值函数mutually exclusive:互斥的,不相交的natural homomorphism:自然同态nearest neighbor:最邻近结点negation:否定(式)normal subgroup:正规(不变)子群notation:标记notion:概念n-tree:n-元树n-tuple:n-元组odd(even) permutation:奇(偶)置换offspring:子女结点one to one:单射,一对一函数onto:到上函数,满射operation on sets:集合运算optimal solution:最佳方法or(and, not) gate:或(与,非)门order of a group:群的阶order relation:序关系ordered pair:有序对,序偶ordered tree:有序树ordered triple:有序三元组ordinance:法规out-degree:出度parent:父结点partial order:偏序关系partially ordered set, poset:偏序集partition, quotient set:划分,商集path:路径path:通路,路径permutation:置换,排列pictorially:以图形方式pigeonhole principle:鸽巢原理planar graph:(可)平面图plausible:似乎可能的pointer:指针Polish form:(表达式的)波兰表示polynomial:多项式positional binary tree:位置二元(叉)树positional tree:位置树postorder search:后序遍历power set:幂集predicate:谓词preorder search:前序遍历prerequisite:预备知识prescribe:命令,规定Prims algorithm:Prim算法prime:素(数)principle of mathematical induction:(第一)数学归纳法probabilistic:概率性的probability(theory):概率(论)product partial order:积偏序product set, Caretesian set:叉积,笛product:积proof by contradiction:反证法proper coloring:正规着色propositional function:命题公式propositional variable:命题变元pseudocode:伪码(拟码)pumping station:抽水站quantifier:量词quotient group:商群random access:随机访问random selection(choose an object at random):随机选择range:值域rational number:有理数reachability relation:可达性关系reasoning:推理recreational area:游乐场所recursive:递归recycle:回收,再循环reflexive closure:自反闭包reflexive:自反的regular expression:正则表达式regular graph:正规图,正则图relation:关系relationship:关系relay station:转送站remainder:余数representation:表示restriction:限制reverse Polish form:(表达式的)逆波兰表示(left) right coset:(左)右陪集root:根,根结点rooted tree:(有)根树row:行R-relative set:R相关集rules of reference:推理规则running time:运行时间same order:同阶sample space:样本空间semigroup:半群sensible: 有意义的sensible:有意义的sequence:序列sequential access:顺序访问set corresponding to a sequence:对应于序列的集合set inclusion(containment):集合包含set:集合siblings:兄弟结点simple cycle:简单回路simple path(circuit):基本路径(回路)simple path:简单路径(通路)sink:汇sophisticated:复杂的source:源spanning tree:生成树,支撑树square matrix:方阵statement, proposition:命题storage cell:存储单元string:串,字符串strong induction:第二数学归纳法subgraph:子图subgroup:子群sublattice:子格submonoid:子含么半群subscript:下标subsemigroup:子半群subset:子集substitutio

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