考研英语核心词汇速成胜经44.doc

研英语核心词汇速成胜经Unit 44 一、 真题文章（1997年Text 4）No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral declineof a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corruptour nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestationof the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financialfront, Levin is under pressure to raise the stockprice and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently. The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice- Ts violentrap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputableor irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats.” Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last months stockholders meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of societys ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announcedthat the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. The 15 member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.” 二、 译文 没有一家公司乐意听到别人说自己引起了社会道德败坏。上周，参议员罗伯特.多尔质问时代华纳公司高级人员时说：“这就是你们要成就的事业吗？你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂，难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家，威胁我们的孩子吗？”对成立于1990年的时代华纳公司来说，多尔所质疑的问题只不过是公司自创立以来一直所进行的自我反省的最新表述，在公司发展的不同阶段，这一自我反省设计（社会）责任、创作自由、公司所能做的一切。处于这场争论中心位置的是公司主席，56岁的杰拉德.莱文，他于1992年从已故主席史蒂夫.罗斯手中接过这个重任。在财政问题上，莱文的压力很大，他必须提高公司的股价，并减少公司的巨额债务，而这一债务在购买两条电缆的交易完成之后将达到一百七十三亿美元。他准备出售公司的一些产业，并对公司进行重组，但是投资者已经等得不耐烦了。唤起人们对说唱音乐的注意并没有使他的日子变得好过些。莱文一向以它是一种富于表现力的演唱方式为理由来捍卫公司的说唱音乐。1992年时代华纳公司因出品Ice-T乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲警察杀手而备受谴责，那时，莱文说这是街头文化的合法表达方式，它应该有自己的宣泄途径。在华尔街日报一篇专栏文章中，莱文写到：“对任何一个民主社会的检验不是看它能够多好地控制各种感情的表达，而在于它是否给予了人们思考和表达的最广泛的自由，不管这种结果有时可能会引起多大的争论和愤怒。我们不会在任何威胁面前退却。”莱文不愿对上周进行的这次争论发表评论，但是种种迹象显示这位主席的强硬立场有所减弱，至少是在某种程度上的减弱。在上周股东会议讨论摇滚音乐内容时，莱文强调说：“音乐并不是社会弊端的根源”，他甚至还举了儿子的例子，他的儿子是纽约布郎克斯的一名教师，曾用说唱乐的形式和学生进行交流。但是在会议上，他也谈到了要在“创作自由”和“社会责任”之间努力保持平衡，他还宣布华纳公司将开始制定标准，对可能引起非议的音乐予以标记，并对起发行进行控制。总的来说，时代华纳公司的15位董事是支持莱文和公司的经营策略的。但内部人士透露其中几位对此事表示担忧。“我们中的一些人多年来就知道宪法第一修正案所说的自由并非毫无限制，” 路斯说，“我想公司里有些人可能最近才刚开始明白这一点”。 三、 考研核心词汇 contribute / kEn5tribju:t / v. 1捐助,捐献,贡献2投稿例 Everyone should contribute his share . 每个人都应贡献出一份力量。同义 donate，give，participate，provide派生 contribution/ 7kCntri5bju:FEn / n. 捐献,贡献,投稿 contributive / kEn5tribjutiv / adj. 贡献的,出资的,有助的 decline / di5klain / vi. 下倾,下降,下垂 v. 拒绝,衰落 n.下倾,下降,下垂,斜面,斜坡,衰败,衰落例 They wish that prices would decline.他们希望物价能下降。同义 descent，fail，fall，refuse，reject，反义 accept/ Ek5sept / vt. 接受,认可,承担,承兑 vi. 同意,承认派生 declinatory / di5klainEtEri / adj. 谢绝的,婉谢的 accomplish / E5kCmpliF / vt. 完成,达到,实现例 You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.你们必须在规定时间内完成这项任务。同义 achieve，carry out，complete，do，finish，fulfill派生 accomplishment / E5kCmpliFmEnt / n. 成就,完成,技艺 career / kE5riE / n. 1(原意：道路,轨道)事业,生涯2速度例 My grandfather was a career teacher; its the only job hed ever done.我祖父教了一辈子书,教书是他所干过的唯一的工作。同义 calling，occupation，profession，trade，vocation senator / 5senEtE / n.参议员, (大学的)评议员, (古罗马的)元老院议员例 And a Senator must have been a citizen of the United States for nine years at the time of his election.而且,参议员在参加选举时必须是在美国居住了九年的美国公民。派生 senatorial / senE5tC:riEl / adj.参议院的,参议员的 corrupt / kE5rQpt / adj. 1腐败的,贪污的,被破坏的,混浊的2(语法)误用的vt.使腐烂,腐蚀,使恶化 vi.腐烂,堕落例 a corruptmayor 受贿的市长同义 crooked，dishonest，evil , rotten，shady，wicked派生 corruption / kE5rQpFEn / n. 腐败,贪污,堕落corruptive / kE5rQptiv / adj. 使堕落的,使腐败的,腐败性的 threaten / 5Wretn / vt. 恐吓,威胁,预示(危险),似有发生或来临的可能,可能来临例 a crack that threatened to become a split 一条有裂开危险的缝同义 admonish，advise，alert，caution派生 threatening / WretEnIN / adj. 胁迫的,危险的 manifestation / 7mAnifes5teiFEn / n. 1显示,表现2示威运动例 Fever is one manifestation of cold.发烧是感冒的一种表现形式。派生 manifest / 5mAnifest / n. 载货单,旅客名单 adj.显然的,明白的 vi.出现 vt. 表明,证明 core / kC: / n.1果核2中心,核心例 the hard elastic core of a baseball 棒球的弹性硬心 financial / fai5nAnFEl, 7fi- / adj.财政的,金融的例 a financial adviser 财政顾问；派生 finance / fai5nAns, fi- / n. 财政,金融,财政学 vt. 供给.经费,负担, 经费 vi. 筹措资金 stock / stCk / n.1树干2库存3股票,股份4托盘adj.1 股票的2普通的,常备的3存货的vt. 1装把手于2进货3备有vi.1 出新芽2采购例 The New York stock exchange crashed in 1929. 纽约股票交易所于一九二九年大崩溃。同义 accumulate，amass，collect，gather，hoard，keep，stockpile reduce / ri5dju:s / vt. 1减少,缩小2简化,还原例 Theyve reduced the prices in the shop, so its a good time to buy.商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候。同义 cut，decrease，diminish，lessen，lower，moderate反义 increase in5kri:s n. 增加,增大,增长 vt. 增加,加大vi. 增加,繁殖派生 reduction / ri5dQkFEn / n. 1减少,缩影,变形,缩减量2约简 debt / det / n. 债务,罪过例 If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.如果我偿清了所有的债，我就一分钱不剩了。同义 obligation cable / 5keibl / n.电缆,缆,索 v. 打(海底)电报例 We have already advised you by cable.我们已去电通知你方。同义 cord，rope，telegraph，wire deal / di:l / n. 1交易, (政治上的)密约2待遇3份量vi. 1处理,应付2做生意vt. 1分配,分给(out)；发牌例 Ive dealt with this shop for 20 years.我同这家商店做生意已经有20年了。同义 act，agreement，allot，bargain，behave，compact，give，grant固定搭配 a great deal许多；make a deal with与.做成一笔交易;与.达成协议；deal with应付,对付;处理 restructure / ri5strQktFE / vt.更改结构,重建构造,调整,改组例 serious efforts to restructure third world debt重组第三世界债务的真诚努力 impatiently / im5peiFEntli / adv. 无耐性地例 He asked the same question for many times, so his mother answered him impatiently this time .同一个问题他问了很多遍，所以这次他母亲不耐烦的回答了他。反义 patiently /5peIFEntlI/ adv. 有耐性地,有毅力地派生 impatient / im5peiFEnt / adj.不耐烦的,急躁的,不耐心的impatience / im5peiFEns / n.急躁 flap / flAp / n.1拍打； 拍打声2副翼 v. 1拍打2鼓翼而飞3扔,掷例 The birds flappedits wings. 小鸟拍动双翼。 rap / rAp / n. 1叩击,轻拍,轻敲2斥责vt. 1敲,拍2厉声说出,斥责3使着迷vi.敲击,交谈abbr.军 Rocket Assisted Projectile火箭助推炮弹例 The judge rapped the police.法官严厉指责警察。同义 bang , hammer, knock, tap release / ri5li:s / n. 1释放2让渡3发行的书,释放证书vt. 1释放,解放2放弃,让与3免除4发表n.版本,发布例 I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，让它跑走了。同义 bump ,can, discharge, dismiss, expel, fire ,free ,let go ,liberate反义 capture / 5kAptFE / n.捕获,战利品 vt.俘获,捕获,夺取 violent / 5vaiElEnt / adj. 猛烈的,激烈的,暴力引起的,强暴的例 Not a few violent scenes were cut from the film before it came to show.这部影片在放映前剪去了不少暴力镜头。同义 break, offend反义 obey / E5bei / v.服从,顺从派生 violation / 7vaiE5leiFEn / n.违反,违背,妨碍,侵害, 体违例,强奸 outlet / 5autlet, -lit / n.出口,出路例 The shoe manufacturer had several outlets.那家制鞋厂商有几家代销店。反义 inlet / 5inlet / n.进口,入口,水湾,小港,插入物 column /5kRlEm/ n. 1圆柱,柱壮物2专栏3纵队例 Can you add up this column of figures?你能把这行数字加起来吗?同义 cylinder, division, monument, part, pillar, section ,tower latitude / 5lAtitju:d / n. 1纬度,范围, (用复数)地区2行动或言论的自由(范围)例 Our position is latitude 40 degrees north. 我们的位置是北纬40度。反义 longitude / 5lCndVitju:d / n.经度,经线 disputable / dis5pju:tEbl / adj.有讨论余地的,真假可疑的例 The referees decision was disputable. 裁判员的裁决有争议。反义 indisputable / 7indis5pju:tEbl / adj. 无争论之余地的,明白的派生 dispute / dis5pju:t / v.争论,辩论,怀疑,抗拒,阻止,争夺(土地,胜利等) n.争论,辩论,争吵 irritating / 5iri7teitiN / adj.使愤怒的,刺激的,气人的例 an irritating habit 一种惹人生气的习惯派生 irritate / 5iriteit / vt.激怒,使急躁 v.刺激irritation / 7iri5teiFEn / n.愤怒 verse / vE:s / n. 韵文,诗,诗节,诗句,诗篇例 read a book of satirical verse.阅读一本讽刺诗集同义 chapter，division，passage，poetry，rhyme反义 prose / prEuz / n.散文 assert / E5sE:t / v.断言,声称例 I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.我在会上不得不坚持自己观点以保证得到那本新书同义 affirm，declare，insist on，pronounce，state派生 assertion / E5sE:FEn / n. 主张,断言,声明 announce / E5nauns / vt.宣布,通告例 The invention of the microchip announced a new generation of computers.微晶片的发明预示了新一代的计算机同义 broadcast，declare，notify，proclaim，report派生 announcement / E5naunsmEnt / n. 宣告,发表,一项公告,一项私人告示 potentially / pE5tenF(E)li / adv. 潜在地例 Dogs own canine deemed to be potentiallydangerous. 有犬齿的狗被认为有潜在的危险。派生 potential / pE5tenF(E)l / adj. 1潜在的,可能的2势的,位的n. 1 潜能,潜力2电压 objectionable / Eb5dVekFEnEbl / adj. 引起反对的,讨厌的例 a very objectionable person 一个非常令人不愉快的人派生 objection / Eb5dVekFEn / n. 异议,缺陷,妨碍,拒绝之理由 object/ 5CbdVikt / n. 物体,目标,宾语,对象 vi. 反对,拒绝,抗议 vt. 提出.来反对 strategy / 5strAtidVi / n. 策略,军略例 strategyand tactics 战略与战术同义 planning , tactics派生 strategetic / 9strAtIdVetIk / adj. 战略的,战略上的 concern / kEn5sE:n / vt. 涉及,关系到 n. (利害)关系,关心,关注,关注,所关心的是例 This problem concerns all of us. 这个问题攸关我们全部人同义 affect , involve, trouble派生 concerning / kEn5sE:niN / prep. 关于 concerned / kEn5sE:nd / adj. 关心的,有关的 amendment / E5mendmEnt / n. 改善,改正例 The discussion on the amendment of the tax law passed off without a hitch.有关修改税法的讨论顺利地结束了。派生 amend / E5mend / v. 修正,改进,改正amendable / EmendEbl / adj. 可修正的 四、 强化练习 1. The researchers defined high job strain as work that puts high demands on employees but offers them little independence or leeway in how to _ their tasks.A. inquire B. accomplish C. infect D. infer 2.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could _ to end human life on our planet. A. narrate B. float C. fling D. threaten 3. About 50% of the high school students fail to pursue higher education due to_ constraints.A. financial B. necessary C. mental D. spiritual4.Since his triumphant _ in 1990 from more than a quarter-century of imprisonment, Mandela has been at the centre of the most compelling and inspiring political drama in the world.A. capture B. object C.release D. profit 5.Excitement and pride filled my heart as I heard the