江苏省南京市高考英语一轮起航阅读理解训练（10）（含解析）(1).doc

南京市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（10）及答案【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】technology has been an encouragement of historical change.it acted as such a force in england beginning in the eighteenth century，and across the entire western world in the nineteenth.rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture(制造) of goods，which has changed ideas about work.one of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time.people also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product：each nail was exactly like every other nail，meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail.this means that goods could be mass production，although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.once this was done，workers no longer started on the product and laboured to complete it.instead，they might work only one thousandth of it，other workers completing their own parts in certain order.there is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by todays standards.highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques，as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.but the skilled worker wasnt the only loser，the common workers lost too.similar changes forced farmers away.the increased mechanization(机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops.they had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.increasingly，standards were set by machines.workers no longer owned their own tools，their skill was no longer valued，and pride in their work was no longer possible.workers fed，looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.36in this passage，which of the following is not considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?aother forms of energy have taken the place of human power.bthe increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century.cthe increased use of machines to make products in less time.dthe use of machines producing parts of the same standard.37the underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to_.athe use of scientific findingsbthe practice of producing the same parts for a productcthe human power being replaced by other forms of energydthe technology becoming the encouragement of historical change38the underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to the change that_.aeach nail could be taken the place of by every other nailbeach nail was exactly like every other nailcproducing tasks became smaller and smallerdgoods could be mass produced39according to the writer，highly skilled workers_.acompletely disappeared with the coming of the factory systembwere dismissed by the bosscwere unable to produce goods of high standarddwere unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines40according to the passage，what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?amany of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.bthey stuck to their farm work.cthey refused to use machines. dthey did their best to learn how to use the machines.36b原文中并未说对工人剥削的增加，故选项b为正确答案。37c倒置的一个主要目的就是使句子间连接紧密，因此单词this指上一句的内容。38d在条件句中，this 指上文的内容：货物批量生产。39d可从第二段第四句知道d项为正确答案。40a可根据第二段第六句及第八句判断a项为正确答案。阅读理解 if you were a pilot flying a plane, and suddenly the engine failed, would you eject(跳出), or stay in? for a pilot, the choice is very difficult. if he ejects, he is safe, but the plane crashes. if he stays in the plane, he risks his life. recently, chinese air force pilot li feng, 38, faced this choice during a training exercise. it was march 7 and he was flying a jian-10 (fighter-10) at 4,500 meters. a warning appeared on the planes computer screen. he realized the plane might fail at any moment.li feng did a quick check of the engine and asked the base if he could return. when the fighter was 7 km away from the airport, however, the engine stopped working. the plane began to fall at a speed of 25 meters a second at an altitude of 1,160 meters .under air force rules, fighter pilots may eject if their aircraft loses engine power below 2,000 meters and cant be restarted. before li lost contact with the control tower, the commander in the air base asked him to eject. but li feng insisted on having another try.“i knew where the deadline (to give up the aircraft) was and was prepared for the ejection, but i decided not to give up unless the fighter was totally out of control,” li recalled（回忆） during a recent television interview.after 104 seconds, li was able to bring the fighter to a safe landing. the plane only suffered slight damage.“you are a hero! congratulations!” lis teacher, xu yongling wrote in a text message to him after the landing. he said li was a cool-headed pilot and very professional(专业的).lis brave and calm act not only saved the 200 million yuan aircraft but also gave him invaluable first-hand experience of dealing with an engine emergency(紧急情况).for his outstanding performance, the air force recently awarded him a gold medal.67. when the engine stopped working, li feng . a. was flying a jian-10 at 4,500 metersb. saw a warning appear on the planes computer screen c. decided not to give up the plane d. was asked to stay in, but he ejected 68. when the fighter plane loses engine power below 2,000 meters . a. pilots must restart it as soon as possible b. pilots should repair it as soon as possible c. pilots may eject for safety d. pilots should bring it to a safe landing 69. according to the passage, what kind of person is li feng? a. he is cool-headed. b. he is confident.c. he is fearless and cool under pressure. d. all of the above.70. what is the best title for the passage? a. flying the fighter correctly b. when to give up the aircraft c. how to deal with an engine emergency d. bring the fighter to a safe landing 【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】d“if there is one thing im sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.it is not that newspapers are a necessity.even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.many buy a paper only on saturdays or sundays.but for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.”the nature of what is news may change.what basically makes news is what affects our livesthe big political stories，the coverage of the wars，earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same.i think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.its already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering.in the future，i think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we doas we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.its quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted electronically from fleet street and printed out in our own home.in fact, im pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.you will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to readsports and international news，etc.i think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition among the different media.they actually feed_off each other.some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers，but that hasnt happened.what is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.and as for the internet，its never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.41what is the best title for the passage?athe best way to get newsbthe changes of mediacmake your own newspaperdthe future of newspapers42in the writers opinion，in the future，_.amore big political affairs，wars and disasters will make newsbnewspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longercnewspapers will cover more scientific researchdmore and more people will watch tv43what will probably be in the newspaper made by yourself?asports and international news.ba menu of important news.cthe most important news.dwhat you are interested in.44from the passage，we can infer_.anewspapers will win the competition among the different mediabnewspapers will stay with us together with other mediactelevision will take the place of newspapersdthe writer believes some media will die out45the underlined phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph probably means_.adepend on bcompete withcfight with dkill off 41d标题归纳题。根据文章第一句“100年后人们仍要读报”，到后面文章讲到报纸跟人们生活的关系、报纸的形式和内容，可归纳出此题的答案为d项。42c细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句可知此题答案为c项。43d推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句可推知此题答案为d项。44b推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三句及全文内容可推知此题答案为b项。45a词义猜测题。作者上一句说人们错误地认为各种不同的媒体相互竞争，以及feed off 所在句中的actually一词，再结合所给的4个选项，可知a项最佳。阅读理解- (2011山东卷，d)since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. braincomputer interface(bci) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.recently, two researchers, jose millan and michele tavella from the federal polytechnic school in lausanne, switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.in the laboratory, tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. he could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve cells. these send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. but spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” tavella says. “our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”the researchers designed a special cap for the user. this head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. the computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. the wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. they help the computer react to commands from the brain. prof. millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “the practical possibilities that bci technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. one example is this wheelchair.”he says his team has set two goals. one is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. and the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置，如轮椅。12bci is a technology that can _.a. help to update computer systems b. link the human b