双语报高中英语 Unit 2 The environment Grammar and usage课件 牛津版必修5.ppt

unit2theenvironment grammarandusage verb ingformasanadjectiveoradverb objectives togettoknowhowaverb ingformcanbeusedasanadjectiveoradverbtolearnhowtouseaverb ingphrasetolearntoidentifythefunctionsofaverb ingform observethesentencesfromthisunit 1 thisisanamazingachievement 2 thatwasanextremelyinterestingspeech 3 awood burningstovedoesharmtotheenvironment 4 thisdamageisfrightening 5 weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting 6 theystoodtalkingtoeachother 7 havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime 8 askingaround ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayalittlehigherpriceforthingsthatarefriendlytotheenvironment 9 wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets hopingtoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown verb ing形式概念动词的 ing形式包括两种 现在分词 具有形容词和副词特征 可作定语 状语 表语 宾补等 动名词 具有名词特征 可作主语 宾语 表语等 现在分词的基本特点 1 在时间上表动作正在进行 如 adevelopingcountry发展中国家risingsun冉冉升起的太阳 2 在语态上表主动 如 therulingclass统治阶级theexploitingclass剥削阶级 现在分词的时态和语态 语态 时态 verb ingformasanadjective presidentobamagaveanextremelyinterestingspeechtohisvoters 1 theverb ingform usedasanattribute 1 aswimmingman 2 aswimmingpool 2 awalkingstick 1 awalkingman amanwhoiswalking astickforwalking what sthedifferencebetween 1 and 2 小结1 verb ing形式作定语既可表示动作正在进行 如例 1 此时相当于一个定语从句 又可表示所修饰名词的性质或用途 如例 2 arunningman themanrunninginthepictureisusainbolt attribute themanwhoisrunninginthepictureusainbolt 可转换为 rewritethefollowingsentenceswithattributiveclauses theteacherteachinguschineseismswang theteacherwhoisteachinguschineseismswang thepeoplesittingbehindusaresoccerplayers theexpertcomingfromhongkongisaladycalledmscai thepeoplewhoaresittingbehindusaresoccerplayers theexpertwhocomesfromhongkongisaladycalledmscai 单个的verb ing形式作定语 放在所修饰的名词前面 verb ing短语作定语则放在所修饰的名词之后 而且 作定语时 与现在分词的区别 动名词作定语表示名词的作用或功能 现在分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作 小结2 translatethefollowingphrases areadingroom awashingmachine anexcitingevening aninterestingcrosstalk 阅览室 洗衣机 激动人心的夜晚 有趣的相声 asleepingcar asmokingroom listeningpractice anopeningspeech abookingoffice runningwater 卧铺车 吸烟室 听力练习 开幕词 售票处 自来水 2 verb ingform usedasanobjectcomplement iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest wehavethefireburningallday 小结3 动词verb ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面 表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作 强调一个过程或一种状态 能跟 ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有 have keep leave lookat see watch hear listento notice find feel等 3 verb ingform usedasapredicative 动名词和现在分词都是由verb ing构成 在句中都能作表语和定语 1 动名词作表语说明主语的内容 回答what的问题 现在分词作表语相当于形容词作表语 说明主语的性质 特征等 回答how的问题 eg oneofthebestexercisesisswimming whatpleaseshimmostisbathinginthesea 现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 凡表示 令人 的 都是 ing形式 凡是表示 感到 都用 ed形式 如 itwasanexcitingnews hewasexcitedaboutthenews interesting使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 旅行是有趣的 但是使人疲劳 travelingisinterestingbuttiring 如果要学生学得太多 他们会感到糊涂的 thepupilswillgetconfusediftheyaremadetolearntoomuch 他的论点很令人信服 hisargumentisveryconvincing 1 sixtymillionpeople live inruralareasaremovingtothecitieseveryyear 2 thebottle contain thepoisonwassenttothelaboratory practice living containing fillintheblankswiththeverbsgivenusingtheirproperforms practices 3 theman sit ontheplatformisaprofessorfromwuhanuniversity 4 whoisthegirl walk alongtheriver 5 thechildren practice playingtheviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek sitting walking practicing 6 themanwithsun glasses stand nearacarisadetective 7 theoldlady talk tothechildrenisafamousmusician 8 theperson translate thesongscanspeaksevenlanguages standing talking translating 12 youcanseethem perform everynightthisweekatthenewtheatre 13 icouldhearthem whisper toeachotherduringthefirstpartoftheplay 14 wewatchedthearmy march downthestreettowardsthepark performing whispering marching averb inghasperfectform taketheverbworkasanexample havingworkedsidebysidewithmanyenvironmentalists iknowthatahealthyenvironmentandstableeconomyshouldbepossibleatthesametime 1 shegaveheropinionaboutthenewbuilding thensheleftthemeeting havinggivenheropinionaboutthenewbuilding sheleftthemeeting 2 shemadeonelastefforttoseeherhusband thenshereturnedhome havingmadeonelastefforttoseeherhusband shereturnedhome rewritethefollowingsentences 3 iadmiredherwritingformanyyears thenifinallymether havingadmiredherwritingformanyyears ifinallymether 4 iwasinterestedinthekoorisformanyyears thenidecidedtolearntheirlanguage havingbeeninterestedinthekoorisformanyyears idecidedtolearntheirlanguage a thisisalettertotheeditorofanewspaper completetheletterusingtheverb ingformandthendiscusswithapartnerwhatfunctiontheverb ingformhasineachsentence dearsir madam read aboutyournewspaper sdecisiontostartacampaignforprotectingtheenvironment idecidedtowriteyouthisletter havingread thestateofourparksisvery 1 shock withrubbisheverywhere iusedtofindatriptotheparkvery 2 relax uponthearrivalofspring beautifulbirdswouldsinghappilyinthepark ienjoythisverymuch nowijustfindit 3 tire becauseihavetopickuptherubbishwhereiamgoingtosit shocking relaxing tiring thegrassiscoveredinplasticbagsandfood andiamsadthattheyoungpeopleoftodaydonotcleanupbeforetheyleavethepark therearesomany 5 interest animalsandinsects 6 live inourparks itwouldbeashameiftheyweredestroyedbecauseofpeople sactivitiesinthepark yours wangqiang interesting living b readthisnewreportandfillintheblankswithwordsfromtheboxbelow followingkeepingexcitingwalkingmovingfalling 1 newsforanimallovers twopeoplewerearrestedyesterdayataparisairportforbringinganimalsinto exciting europefromsouthamericaillegally oneofthecustomsofficerssawawoman 2 infrontofagroup thenhesawfeathers 3 fromunderhercoat havingseenthis thecustomsofficeraskedthewomantocomeovertohisdesk walking falling hewassurprisedtofindtenbirdsinsidehercoat therewasashortfatgentleman 4 her anothercustomsofficercalledhimoverwhenitseemedhehada 5 stomach ontakingoffhisjacket theyfoundatortoise following moving hehadtraveledontheplanelikethis 7 thetortoisehiddeninablanket keeping verb ingformasanadverb verb ing形式作状语 verb ing短语在句子中可作状语 来修饰谓语动词或整个句子 表示动作发生的时间 原因 条件 结果 让步或伴随等情况 verb ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作 一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句 1 作时间状语verb ing短语作时间状语要置于句首 如 hearingthegoodnews mymothercouldn thelplaughing whenmymotherheardthegoodnews shecouldn thelplaughing havingreceivedhisletter idecidedtowriteback afterihadreceivedhisletter idecidedtowriteback 收到他的信后 我决定给他回信 2 作原因状语verb ing短语作原因状语置于句首 如 beingsoangry hecouldn tgotosleep becausehewassoangry hecouldn tgotosleep 因为太生气了 他不能入睡 havingbeentothegreatwallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek because as hehadbeentothegreatwallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek 因为他已经去过长城许多次 上周他就没去 3 作条件状语verb ing作条件状语置于句首或句末 如 workinghard youwillsucceed ifyouworkhard youwillsucceed 如果你勤奋一点 你就会成功 4 作让步状语verb ing短语作让步状语 可置于句首或句末 常与evenif though连用 thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight hisfatherdidn tgetenoughfood althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight hedidn tgetenoughfood 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活 但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的 5 作伴随状语置于句首或句末 如 theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing theysangandlaughed theycameintotheclassroom 他们又唱又笑地走进教室 whenworkinginthefactory hewasanadvancedworker whenheworkedinthefactory hewasanadvancedworker 注意 1 verb ing短语与when while though until if等连词连用时 相当于这些连词引导的一个从句 如 thoughwillingtoattendtheparty herefusedtheinvitation thoughhewaswillingtoattendtheparty herefusedtheinvitation whilestayinginbeijing hecametoseemetwice whilehewasstayinginbeijing hecametoseemetwice ifplayingallday youwillwasteyourvaluabletime ifyouplayallday youwillwasteyourvaluabletime thoughrainingheavily itclearedupverysoon thoughitwasrainingheavily itclearedupverysoon 小结verb ing形式在句中作状语时 其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致 hetraveledontheplanelikethis keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket whenhetraveledontheplanelikethis hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket 一般说来 verb ing短语作状语时 其逻辑主语 即verb ing动作的发出者 要与句子的主语保持一致 如不一致 则可用verb ing的独立 主格 结构作状语 即 名 代 词 verb ing 表示时间 原因 条件 伴随状况等 weatherpermitting wewillhaveafootballmatchtomorrow 独立 主格 结构 一些独立结构 1 generally speak wehavelearntalotinthisschool 2 judge fromhisappearance heissomebody 3 tell youthetruth yourworkisterrible speaking judging totell timeforreflection 1 wecanuseaverb ingas and 2 theperfectformofaverb ingis 3 verb ingphrasescanexpress and theattributive thepredicative theadverbial theobjectcomplement having verb ed time reason result condition 1 thecourseverydifficult shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel a findb findingc tofindd found 答案 b 2013北京 解析 考查非谓语动词 此处动词find与主语she为主动关系且作原因状语 故用现在分词finding 句意 由于 她发现该课程很难 她就决定转到低一水平的 课程 高考链接 2 basicfirst aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies knownb havingknownc knowingd beingknown 2013福建 答案 c 解析 考查非谓语动词 此句谓语为willhelp 因此所选非谓语动词做主语 故使用动名词 答案选c 3 laurawasawayinparisforoveraweek whenshegothome therewasapileofmail forher waitedb towaitc waitingd waswaiting 2013辽宁 答案 c 解析 考查非谓语动词 此题therebe句型的主语mail后接后置定语 wait与mail间为主动关系 且wait这个动作正在进行 故选c 现在分词 4 theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf inonecorner a standingb tostandc standsd stood 2013山东 答案 a 解析 考查非谓语动词 现在分词standing作bookshelf后置定语 表主动进行 5 whichuniversitytoattend thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice notknowingb knowingnotc notknownd knownnot 2013四川 答案 a 解析 考查非谓语动词 主语thegirl与非谓语动词know之间为主动关系 故用现在分词 且非谓语动词的否定式应在其前加否定词 据此可知答案为a 此处分词notknowing在句中作原因状语 6 igottotheofficeearlierthatday the7 30trainfrompaddingtoncaughtb tohavecaughtc tocatchd havingcaught 2013新课标ii卷 答案 d 解析 考查非谓语动词 根据句意 因为我赶上了7 30的车 所以那天我更早地到了办公室 可知赶车发生在到办公室之前 且与主语i之间为主动关系 故使用现在分词完成体表主动完成 7 tonylentmethemoney thati ddoasmuchforhim 2012全国ii a hopingb tohopec hopedd havinghoped8 toworkovertimethatevening imissedawonderfulfilm 2012重庆 a havingbeenaskedb toaskc havingaskedd tobeasked 9 thepartywillbeheldinthegarden weather 2012全国 a permittingb topermitc permittedd permit10 chinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsnearthehuangyanislandtopreventchinesefishingboatsfrom inthesouthchinasea 2012福建 a attackingb havingattackingc beingattackedd havingbeenattacked 11 pressedfromhisparents and thathehaswastedtoomuchtime theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames 2012福建 a realizingb realizedc torealized beingrealized12 inalongqueue wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyanewipad 2012陕西 a standingb tostandc stoodd stand 13 thelecture at7 00pmlastnight wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes 2012湖南 a startingb beingstartingc tostartd tobestarted14 hegotuplate