安全风险--卸料区+锅炉间 Risk by facility -- Unloading area + Boiler.doc

UNLOADING AREA卸料区What are the risks? 存在哪些风险？Risks风险Pictogram警告标志 化学品风险（接触，吸入，火灾，爆炸等） 在同一卸料区卸载多种化学试剂化学品不相容而发生危险反应的风险：- 药品卸料至错误储罐- 溢出液发生化学反应Intoxication当心中毒Burns当心腐蚀Fire当心火灾ExplosiveAtmosphere当心爆炸Precautions 预防措施照明 高位报警器雨棚 化学品的安全指示器急停化学品名称 供水点 安全淋浴器+洗眼器挂锁连接 卸料区标示线溢出液 溢出物排放口回流箱 卸料区 雨水管网土壤： 车辆停留区（可承受整车重量）不透水， 输送区域抗车辆荷载， 耐卸载化学品+ Alarm means 报警方式+ Tank filling level indicator 箱体料位指示器And also, for chemicals with fire/explosion risks化学品发生火灾/爆炸风险- Metal equipment earthed + lightning protection 金属设备接地+防雷保护- ATEX zoning and equipment adapted to ATEX (lighting, etc.). ATEX areas will be given in theATEX zoning guide to be released. 防爆区及防爆区设备（照明等）。详见防爆区指南，即将发布。- Fire extinguishing means on the unloading area 灭火设施： + 砂子- Safety signs 安全标识：禁止吸烟 禁止烟火 禁止打手机BOILER ROOM锅炉间What are the risks? 存在哪些风险？Risks风险Pictogram警告标志 热管 烟囱 锅炉燃料入口（气态/液态） 燃烧器Fire当心火灾Explosion当心爆炸Burns当心腐蚀Pressure当心泄露Precautions 预防措施The following recommendations come from French regulations (ICPE 2910). 推荐以下预防措施，摘自法国条例（ICPE2910）。隔热保温 应急照明，防爆时启用（导热流体管）除去 出口标识多余管道管道带色标 双向出口压力开关(3) 灭火器禁止烟火标识 (1)+不得用于气火焰 砂子(0.1m)仅用于扑灭 易燃气体外开门+紧急推杆 液体易燃？ 是 过剩气体探测仪外置式电源 地板不透水，不可燃，开关，显而易见 否 可收集污水（门槛抬高(禁止装在门后！) 碳氢化合物分离 排污管 或同等操作） 缓冲罐(1) At least 2 x 55 B class fire extinguishers per combustion device with a maximum of 4 required when the facilitys power is 10 MW (otherwise, 6). These means can be reduced by half if the combustible is a gas. 每台燃烧装置配备至少2x55B级灭火器。设备功率10MW时，至多配备4个灭火器；功率10MW时，配备6个灭火器。易燃物为气体时，灭火器数量可减半。- Boiler shut-down 锅炉停机- Cut-off of the electrical power supply (except for the ATEX equipment, power supply in LV power panel and emergency lighting) 切断电源(防爆设备，低压配电盘供电，应急照明时除外)- Cut-off of the fuel feed system(see isolating devices below) 切断燃油供给系统(见下文隔离装置)- Alarm 报警(2) Gas detectors (CH4 or CO if combustible = 气体探测fuel oil): at the level of the manifold of each burner+ 1 gas detector near the entry of the gas pipe into the boiler room. 气体探测仪（CH4/CO，易燃物=燃油时）：各燃烧器燃料管液位 + 1个气体探测仪靠近气管至锅炉间的入口(3) Pressure switch dedicated only to its safety function. 压力开关专用于安全保险。Provisions concerning the boiler room 关于锅炉间- Boiler room reserved only for this purpose. 锅炉间仅用于此目的。- Installation not surmounted by occupied buildings, except for the technical rooms (including the control rooms). The facility must not be installed in the basement of these buildings. 安装时，不得超出建筑物，技术室（含控制室）除外。附属设施不得安装在这些建筑物的地下室。- Installation preferably on the ground floor 最好地面安装 OTV 推荐- At least one access to the outside 至少保留一个出口- Distances:间距 厂界 锅炉间 建筑物 易燃或可燃物 - The rooms resistance to fire is as follows (except for the cases in the next paragraph): 锅炉间防火措施（不包括下文所述情况） Materials classified MO (non-combustible), roofing non-combustible MO（不易燃）材料，屋顶采用 Fire stability for 1 h 耐火性达1小时- For contiguous rooms or if the above distances are not respected: 隔壁房间或上述间距未遵守时： Walls, roofing and top of floor with 2 h fire resistance 墙壁、屋顶或地板表面，耐火性能达2小时 h fire-proof resistance doors + door closer. 半小时防火门+闭门器- If there is communication between boiler room (gas) and other rooms, it must be done via a safety double-door system (with h fire-proof resistance doors): 如果锅炉间（气体）和其他房间相通，则必须采用双开门安全系统（耐火性能达半小时）。 锅炉间 半小时防火门 其他房间- Natural ventilation recommended by OTV. 自然通风，OTV推荐。- Smoke evacuation + manual opening control placed nearby the accesses. 排烟+手动控制，安装在出入口附近- For boiler rooms with an ATEX risk (biogas), a frangible surface to limit the effects of explosion outside the room. 锅炉间存在爆炸风险（沼气）时，易碎表面用来减弱爆炸风险给室外造成的损失。- Metal equipment earthed. 金属设备接地保护。- Fire detection for facilities installed in the basement. 地下室安装设施安装火警探测。- Signs for risk areas (fire, ATEX, etc.) 危险区域标识（火灾、爆炸等）- Pipes protected against shocks, propagation of flames and action of the products present. 管道防震，防火，保护现有产品。Provisions concerning the lines of combustible 关于易燃线- Isolation: 安全隔离 Police safety valve, placed outside the buildings to cut off combustible feed: clearly marked, rapidly accessible under all circumstances, with the closing direction indicated + marking of the open and closed positions. 安全阀，室外安装，用来切断易燃物供给：标识清晰，可快速便捷地找到，带阀门关闭方向指示 + 开闭位置指示。 2 automatic valves in-series (if the combustible is a gas), placed inside the boiler room, but nearby the entry point. Valves controlled with link to the gas detectors and the pressure switch. The open/close positions of these valves must be clearly identifiable. 2个串联自控阀（气体易燃物时），室内安装，靠近入口点。阀门控制连接气体探测仪和压力开关。阀门开闭位置清晰可辨。室外 锅炉间 或 室外 锅炉间 OTV推荐 手动 自动 手动 自动- Quick shut-off device for each combustion unit as close as possible to the unit. 各燃烧装置就近安装快速切断装置。- Flame control device (if it fails to operate, the installation shall be put on a safe mode, and the combustible feed is interrupted). 火焰控制装置 （无法操作时，该装置转入安全模式，易燃物供给中断）- Burner adjusting and control devices to reduce atmospheric pollution. 安装燃烧器调控装置，减少大气污染。- If any anomaly causes the shutdown of the installation 如果任何异常导致装置停机protection against any inopportune unlocking. No automatic restart. 防止任何意外开机。不得自动重启。Hot lines 热管Steam boiler rooms: provide for a pit to cool the water released by the relief valves. 蒸汽锅炉间：提供污水池，通过释压阀降水温。 See the engineering file of the “Methods and Knowledge Management Direction”: Pressure equipment 见工程文件方法和知识管理指南：压力设备 Refer to the standards NF E32-020-1 and subsequent (Operating s