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外文翻译--汽车后轮驻车制动器的特点与维修.doc

轿车盘式制动器结构设计【汽车】【4张图纸】

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关键词：: 轿车制动器结构设计汽车图纸

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摘要

汽车的设计与生产涉及到许多的领域，其独有的安全性、经济性、舒适性等众多指标，也对设计提出了更高的要求。汽车制动系统是汽车行驶的一个重要主动安全系统，其性能的好坏对汽车的行驶安全有着重要影响。随着汽车的行驶速度和路面情况复杂程度的提高，更加需要高性能，长寿命的制动系统。

鉴于制动系统的重要性，本次设计的主要内容就是运输车辆中的制动器，从制动系的功用及设计的要求出发，依据给定的设计参数，进行了方案论证。对各种形式的制动器的优缺点进行了比较后，在前盘后鼓得基础上改为前后都是盘式制动器，保持制动力分配系数的稳定，改善了汽车的制动稳定性，简化了汽车的制动装置，减轻了整车质量，从而提高了汽车在行驶过程中的安全性与稳定性。选择了简单液压驱动机构和双管路系统，选用了间隙自动调节装置，采用比例阀作为制动力的调节装置。

关键词：制动钳; 制动盘; 制动轮缸;制动衬片

Abstract

Automobile design and production are involved in many fields, its unique safety, economy, comfort and so many indicators, also raised taller requirement to the design. Automobile braking system is an important vehicle active safety system, and its performance depends on car has an important influence on road safety. As the vehicle of the speed and pavement situation was complex degree rise, more require high-performance, long life of brake system.

In view of the importance of brake system, the design of the main content is a transport vehicles, the brake from brake system function and design, according to the requirement of design parameters, given the scheme comparison. On all forms of brake their advantages and disadvantages are discussed, based on HouGu have in QianPan instead of before and after are disc brakes, maintain braking force distribution coefficient, improves the stability of the braking stability and simplify the automobile braking device, reduce the vehicle quality, thereby improving the car while driving in the process of security and stability. Choose a simple hydraulic driving mechanism and double pipeline system, chose clearance automatic adjusting device, proportional valve as brake force adjusting device

Keywords: brake disc； Brake wheel cylinder; Brake caliper; Braking facings formulations

摘要I

AbstractII

第1章绪论1

1.1 汽车工业在国民经济中的地位1

1.2 汽车制动系概述2

1.3 设计的意义4

小结5

第2章制动器设计方案的论证和选择6

2.1 制动器设计要求6

2.2 制动器设计的一般原则8

2.3 制动器方案分析9

2.4 制动驱动机构的选择9

2.5 制动管路的选择10

2.6 鼓式制动器与盘式制动器的比较分析12

2.7 制动器间隙自动调整装置16

小结16

第3章制动系的主要参数及其选择17

3.1 制动力与制动力分配系数17

3.2 同步附着系数20

3.3 制动器的制动力矩21

3.4 利用附着系数与制动效率22

小结24

第4章制动器的设计计算25

4.1 原始数据及主要技术参数25

4.2 盘式制动器主要参数的确定25

4.3 制动力矩与盘的压力。27

4.4 制动轮缸直径的计算28

4.5 紧急制动时踏板力的计算28

4.6 制动踏板行程的计算28

小结29

第五章制动器主要零部件结构设计与强度计算30

5.1 制动盘30

5.2 制动钳30

5.3 制动块30

5.4 摩擦材料31

5.5 制动器的热容量和温升的核算31

5.6 强度校核32

小结33

结论34

致谢35

参考文献36

附录37

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内容简介：: 附录 Car rear parking brake is well known characteristics and maintenance parking brake, the car must have one of the braking device. Iveco second-generation products in vehicle brakes, parking brake is a mechanical control mechanism and the rear drum brake combination. Such a structure, so that not only after the brake drum brake and parking brake also played a role. With the use of rear disc brake, Turin-V vehicle parking brake with the rear brakes will be fixed in the form and change. If the rear wheels with drum brakes, while maintaining the basic structure of the original second-generation products; the use of a disc brake, rear wheel will have to configure a dedicated parking brake. On the disc brake is concerned, there is the structure with the parking brake disc brake, the parking braking force acts on the brake discs on both sides of the work surface, such a brake complex structure, relatively somewhat less reliable. Turin-V cars equipped with dual-piston sliding front disc brakes have specifically set up after the parking brake. The role of the parking brake force to the brake drum inner disk on the work surface, so that the brake disc has two separate friction surface, life can be improved, brake caliper is also simplified the structure. Turin-V car rear parking brake device manipulated by a mechanical parking brake and special climate of two parts (brake disc for the traffic, shared parking brake parts.) 1, mechanical control mechanism to maintain the basic structure of the original second-generation products, mainly composed of pieces with a handle, the first wire cable, ratchet plate, adjust the threaded sleeve, locking nut, after the wire cable and the guide disc and so on. 2, the special structure and principle of the parking brake disc brake ntsafter the match with a special parking brake, parking brake after the special bottom bracket through eight holes, and the rear axle relative to the fixed axle shaft flange bolts. Before and after the friction shoe upper and lower ends are pulled tight against the return spring on the role of regulation under the pull pin and arm in the middle and the bottom through the active support underwriting phase. Slide the gear on the pin on the regulator can adjust the elongation or shortening the length of sales to adjust the friction inside the shoe and drum brake disc space. Role in pulling arm, it is subject to manipulation after the wire cable, when the pull the handbrake lever, the role will be the central axis of the pin pulling arm as a fulcrum, the friction shoe before and after distraction, so that the drum with an effective brake disc friction torque, and thus play a role in the private parking brake parking brake in the brake plate bracket, and another two holes for the installation of rear brake clamp assembly. After the band drum and wheel brake disc will be Yi, after the special parking brake, brake caliper assembly, and so orderly together. 3, special parking brake after the decomposition and synthesis in vehicle rear wheels when the removal of the Yi, a number of components such as rear brake disc, you can special parking brake on the decomposition and synthesis, the basic process steps are as follows: From the front Bu friction shoe, remove the return spring, spin off the short length adjustment, remove the friction between the support shoe underwriting folder, you can remove the friction shoe. Remove the branch underwriting, Hou Lasuo loose parking brake pull arm connected with the role, remove the effect of the second arm pull the wheel speed sensor mounting bracket removed, you can remove the sensor. Remove the axle casing under the flange and the eight mounting bolts, then remove the parking brake bottom bracket. according to the requirements of the drum brakes on the parts removed for cleaning checks, abandoned exceeded the difference of wear parts. synthesis by decomposition of the reverse steps. After synthesis, ntsmeasured with a vernier caliper before the hind piece diameter, while toggle adjustment pin 1, the diameter value than 1720 , a small 0.4 1 mm. After the adjustment of parking brake parking brake because the brake after the non-automatic compensating clearance, the use of a period of time, the brake gap will gradually increase, reflecting the tension in the handle spine when the number of teeth affected, will exceed the number of (normal number of teeth affected 4 6), which will affect the rear wheel in vehicle performance. To this end, promptly after the parking brake adjustment. Adjusted as follows: from the top rear of the car, and to support the frame bracket, then remove the rear wheels; Loosen the parking brake cable adjusting screw lock nut sets; Remove the top long after the parking brake hole rubber plug, the use of special tools (99,372,249) toggle adjustment pin gear, so that before and after the friction shoe distraction, resulting in hand can not turn the plate so far; loose again with special tools to adjust the pin gear aside, the system Fixed disk free to rotate (brake gap of about 0.2 0.5mrri), re-built the rubber plug in the hole, refitted the rear wheels; Parking in the cab pulling teeth sound system to the third position of the handle and tighten the adjustment screw sets can not be pulled up by hand until the wheel rotates; Pull down and release the parking brake lever 3 4, on the whole device after the parking brake adjustments, and check the final tightening when the handle is 6 Maximum stroke teeth, and finally tighten the adjusting screw lock nut sets, and lowered cars. nts汽车后轮驻车制动器的特点与维修众所周知，驻车制动是汽车必备的制动装置之一。依维柯二代产品的驻车制动装置，是由驻车制动机械操纵机构与后鼓式制动器组合而成。这样的结构，使后鼓式制动器不仅是行车制动器，而且还起到了驻车制动作用。随着后轮盘式制动器的运用，都灵 -V 汽车的驻车制动器将会随着后轮制动器动形式而变化。若后轮采用鼓式制动器，则基本维持原二代产品的结构；若采用盘式制动器，则要配置专用的后轮驻车制动器。就盘式制动器而言，存有带驻车制动结构的盘式制动器，其驻车制动力也作用在制动盘两侧工作表面上，这种制动器结构复杂，可靠性相对稍差。都灵 -V 汽车为配用双活塞滑动前盘式制动器须要，专门设置了后驻车制动器。使其驻车制动力作用在制动盘的内鼓工作表面上，这样使制动盘具有两种分开的摩擦表面，寿命可以提高，制动钳的结构也相应简化。都灵 -V 汽车的后轮驻车制动装置，由机械式操纵和专用候驻车制动器两大部分组成（制动盘为行车、驻车制动器共用件）。 1、机械式操纵机构基本维持原二代产品的结构，主要组成件有手柄、前钢丝拉索、棘齿板、调整螺套、锁紧螺母、后钢丝拉索及导盘等。 2、专用驻车制动器结构和原理与后盘式制动器相配的专用驻车制动器，专用后驻车制动器通过底板支架上的八个孔，与后桥半轴凸缘用螺栓相固定。前、后摩擦蹄片上下端被回位弹簧紧拉靠在上调节销和下作用拉臂上，中间通过支承销与底板活络相接。拨动上调节销上的齿轮可伸长或缩短调节销的长度，从而可调整摩擦蹄片与制动盘内鼓的间隙。作用拉臂，它受后钢丝拉索的操纵，当拉紧驻车制动手柄时，作用拉臂将以中心轴销为支点，撑开前后摩擦蹄片，使与制动盘内鼓产生有效摩擦力矩，从而起到驻车制动作用在专用驻车制动器的制动底板支架上，另有二只安装孔，以便装置后制动钳总成。带内鼓的后制动盘将和轮毅、后专用驻车制动器、制动钳总成等有序地组合在一起。 3、专用后驻车制动器的驻车分解与合成当拆除了后轮

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