空气压缩机V带校核和噪声处理【机械毕业设计word+CAD图纸】【答辩通过】
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空气压缩机
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第一章. 引 言
目前,容积式压缩机的全球年产量为1.5亿余台,其中大多数被应用于空气动力和制冷系统。过去的30年间,转子型线的改进使螺杆压缩机内部泄漏彻底减少,同时技术日益成熟的机床可以将形状较为复杂零件的加工公差控制在工程允许的 3μm以内,以致传统的往复式压缩机在许多应用领域逐步被螺杆压缩机所替代。人工分析计算的方法是设计者预测压缩机性能的主要手段,并且在此过程中取得了一些技术上的突破,但其适用范围和准确度与现代数控机床和装配过程相比却逊色很多。因此,先进的分析手段增大了技术创新的可能性,进而提高螺杆压缩机的性能,降低制造成本,进一步扩大螺杆压缩机的应用范围。
转子型线的改进依然是提高螺杆压缩机性能最有效的手段,依靠经验确定转子齿型和转子大量采用通用型线的历史将被逐步完善的先进、合理、高效的转子加工工序所改写,从而取得良好的应用成效。另外,改善的压缩机内部流动模型有助于更好地进行孔口设计,轴承负荷及其脉动的准确判定有助于选择更为合适的轴承。最后,如果可以较为准确地估计由于压缩机内部温度及压力变化引起的转子和机壳的扭转变形,我们就可以在机器的加工过程中采取相应的措施以便将温度及压力脉动的不良影响降至最小。本文涵盖了可能引发螺杆压缩机技术创新的最新流动模型与分析方法,以及利用这些手段提高机器性能、扩展应用范围的典型案例。
第二章 螺杆压缩机的介绍
一. 发展历程
20世纪30年代,瑞典工程师Alf Lysholm在对燃气轮机进行研究时,希望找到一种作回转运动的压缩机,要求其转速比活塞压缩机高得多,以便可由燃气轮机直接驱动,并且不会发生喘振。为了达到上述目标,他发明了螺杆压缩机。
在理论上,螺杆压缩机具有他所需要的特点,但由于必须具有非常大的排气量,才能满足燃气轮机工作的要求,螺杆压缩机并没有在此领域获得应用。尽管如此,Alf Lysholm及其所在的瑞典SRM公司,对螺杆压缩机在其它领域的应用,继续进行了深入的研究。1937年,Alf Lysholm 在SRM公司研制成功了两类螺杆压缩机试验样机,并取得了令人满意的测试结果。
1946年,位于苏格兰的英国 James Howden 公司,第一个从瑞典SRM公司获得了生产螺杆压缩机的许可证。
随后,欧洲、美国和日本的多家公司也陆续从瑞典SRM公司获得了这种许可证,从事螺杆压缩机的生产和销售。最先发展起来的螺杆压缩机是无油螺杆压缩机。
1957年喷油螺杆空气压缩机投入了市场应用。
1961年又研制成功了喷油螺杆制冷压缩机和螺杆工艺压缩机。
过随后持续的基础理论研究和产品开发试验,通过对转子型线的不断改进和专用转子加工设备的开发成功,螺杆压缩机的优越性能得到了不断的发挥。











- 内容简介:
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外文资料翻译 - 1 - Industrial technology and equipment modernization of the national economy as a whole is determined by the level and degree of modernization, CNC equipment is the development of new technology and cutting-edge industries and high-tech industries (such as information technology and its related industries Biotechnology and related industries, aviation, aerospace and other defense industries) enabling technology and the basic equipment. NC widely used in the world today manufacturing technology, to increase manufacturing capacity, enhance the ability to adapt to dynamic market changes and competitive ability. Besides the developed industrial world will NC NC equipment and technology as the strategic commodities. not taken significant steps to develop its own digital technology and its related industries in the high-tech NC key technology and equipment to Chinas policy of closures and restrictions. In short, numerical control technology at the core of efforts to develop advanced manufacturing technology has become the worlds developed countries to accelerate economic development. improve our overall national strength and an important way to statehood. NC technology is the use of digital information to the mechanical and process control technology, NC NC technology equipment is represented by the new technologies on traditional manufacturing industries and the formation of the penetration of new manufacturing machinery and electronics products, the so-called digital equipment, technology cover many areas : (1) Machinery Manufacturing Technology; (2) information processing, processing, transmission technology; (3) control technology; (4) servo drive technology; (5) sensor technology; (6) software technology. 1 NC Technology Trends NC technology applications not only bring about a revolutionary change to the traditional manufacturing industries, the manufacturing industry has become a symbol of industrialization. With the continuous development and application of numerical control technology fields expanded, and some important sectors of the national economy (IT. automobiles, light industry, health care, etc.) are playing an increasingly important role in the development. Because these businesses have modern digital nts外文资料翻译 - 2 - equipment needed by the general trend of development. NC technology and equipment from the worlds development trends, its main focus is the following : 1.1 speed, the new trend of high-finishing technology and equipment Efficiency, and quality is the main advanced manufacturing technology. High-speed, high-finishing technologies can greatly enhance our efficiency, improve product quality and grades. shorten production cycles and improve their competitiveness on the market. Japan will end its tip technology as one of the five major modern manufacturing technology. International Institute of production (52th) will be identified as one of the Research Center for the 21st century. Recently, the overall use of a large aluminum alloy billets emptied the solution to the wing. large fuselage parts to a large number of parts to replace rivets, screws and other CONNECTIONS assembled. make component strength, stiffness and reliability improved. All of the processing equipment and high-speed, high-precision and high flexibility requirements. Hannover Expo from the case, the high speed processing centers will be to speed up stiffness, or even higher. operating speed of up to 100 m / min air around. Reliability and MTBF values abroad NC device has more than 6 copper, 30000h servo system MTBF value reached more than demonstrated very high reliability. In order to achieve high-speed, high-finishing, ancillary components such as the spindle, the rapid development of a linear motor, Applications will continue to expand. 1.2 5-axis machining machine tool and the rapid development Using 5-axis machining of 3D components, the best available tool for cutting geometry not only finish high. but also greatly increase efficiency. Generally believed that one 5-axis machine efficiency can mean 2, 3-axis machine tools. particularly the use of cubic boron nitride and other superhard materials for high-speed milling of hardened steel cutter parts, 5-axis machining for more than three-axis machining efficiency. But for the past five-axis CNC system mainframe complex reasons, their nts外文资料翻译 - 3 - prices several times higher than the 3-axis CNC machine tools, plus programming techniques rather difficult. constraining the development of a five-axis machine tools. At present, due to a spindle, enabling 5-axis machining spindle head of composite structures simplified. manufacturing difficulties and costs lowered significantly, reducing the gap between the price of CNC system. So for the first type of compound axis and 5-axis machine machine tool (including five surface Machine) development. In Hannover Expo, the new machine in Japan for the first 5 axis surface machining machine compound. four vertical plane processing can be realized and arbitrary angle processing, 5 5-axis machining and surface processing makes on the same machine can be achieved, but also to achieve the processing of tilted surface and inverted cone hole. German companies DMG display DMUVoution series processing center under 5 fixture in a five-axis machining and surface processing, CAM or CNC control system can be controlled, directly or indirectly. 1.3 intelligent, open-end, the network has become the main trends in contemporary development of NC System CNC equipment to the 21st century is quite intelligent system Intelligent include : all aspects of the NC system for the pursuit of intelligent processing efficiency and quality, If processing the adaptive control, automatic generation parameters; To improve driving performance and convenience of the users of intelligence If feedforward control, the electrical parameters of the adaptive computing, automatic identification load automatically selected model, self-tuning; simplify programming, Intelligent streamline operations, such as the intelligent automatic programming and intelligent man-machine interface; There intelligent diagnosis. Intelligent monitoring the content to facilitate the diagnosis and maintenance. NC system for the traditional NC software industry closed and production problems that existed. Many countries to open CNC system, American NGC (The Next Generation Work-Station/Ma chine Control). EC OSACA (Open System Architecture for Contr o within Automation Systems) Japans OSEC (Open System Environment for Controll r). Chinas ONC (Open Numerical Control System). NC NC system, the future has become an open nts外文资料翻译 - 4 - road. NC NC system is the so-called open system in the development of a unified operating platform. machine tool manufacturers and end-users, to change, increasing or prune object structure (NC function), serialized form. users can conveniently be applied to the special technical know-how and integrated control system to quickly achieve different varieties, Open CNC different grades, creating a distinctive brand personality. NC now open system architecture standard communications standards, standardized configuration, the operating platform, NC NC system and reservoir system software development tools is the core of the current study. Network equipment last two internationally renowned NC Machine Tool Expo a new bright spot. NC network equipment will greatly satisfy production lines, manufacturing systems, manufacturing enterprise information integration on demand Agile manufacturing as well as creating a new, virtual enterprises on the basis of a global manufacturing unit. NC NC Machine and some famous foreign companies in the past two years to create a related new concepts and prototype Show in Hannover, Japans Yamazaki Mazak (Mazak) exhibits CyberProduction Cente r (intelligent production control center CPC); Japan cove (42nd meeting) Machine Company display plaza IT (Information Technology Square. listed IT Plaza); Germanys Siemens (Siemens) displayed in the Open Manufacturing Company Envi ronment (open manufacturing environment, called OME). NC machine to the network reflects the direction of the trend. 2 NC Technology and the development of basic industries estimate NC Technology started in 1958, nearly 50 years of development history can be divided into three stages : The first stage was from 1958 to 1979, closed development stage. At this stage, as foreign technology blockade, and our basic conditions, the development of NC relatively slow. The second stage is the June 5, Plan and during the Eighth Five-year Plan, a period that the introduction of technology, absorbing system made preliminary stage. At this stage, due to the importance of reform and opening up and national and international research and development environment and the improvement of the environment. NC Technology research and nts外文资料翻译 - 5 - development of products made considerable progress has been made. The third stage is in the Eighth Five-year Plan, and later the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, namely the implementation of the industry, market competition stage. At this stage, our domestic CNC equipment industry has made substantial progress. During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, the domestic market share of domestic CNC machine tools, 50% NC domestic distribution system (universal) have also reached 10%. Taking the NC Technology development for nearly 50 years, especially in the wake of four five-year plan to tackle difficult problems. Generally speaking, the following results. A. NC technology laid the basis for the development of basic techniques of modern CNC. China has basically mastered from the NC system, servo-driven, NC server, pieces of the plane and its supporting infrastructure technology, Most already have the technology for commercialization of the base, some technology commercialization, industrialization. B. NC initially formed the industrial base. Commercialization of research results and in part on the basis of technology, such as the establishment of a central NC. NASA NC NC system with the ability to mass production factories. Lanzhou Electrical Machinery Plant, a number of central CNC servo system and servo motor manufacturers and the Beijing No. 1 Machine Tool Plant. Jinan No. 1 Machine Tool Plant several NC mainframe production. These manufacturers have formed an NC basic industrial base. C. NC establish a research, development, the basic management team. Although the NC and industrial technology research and development has made considerable progress, However, we must also clearly understand that our high-end CNC technology research and development, especially in the industrial and techno
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