法律合同课程三作业解析.doc

英译中：16.Dividends16.1The Board may, subject to these Articles and any direction of the Company in general meeting, declare a dividend to be paid to the Members in proportion to the number of shares held by them, and such dividend may be paid in cash or wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets (which may consist of the shares or securities of any other company).董事会可根据本章程的规定以及本公司在股东大会上所作的任何指示，宣布并按照各自所持有股票数量的比例向各成员分配股息，且该股息可利用现金支付，或以具体实物资产（该资产可可由任何其他公司的股票或证券组成）全部或部分支付。分析：wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets, 这里or 的用法要注意，其意思是“全部或部分地以特定资产进行分配”，在章程协议类翻译中，此类wholly or partly 是很常见的表达方式。词汇分析：1.subject to：依据，根据，受影响的；2.these Articles=Articles of Association general meeting：股东大会 Members：公司成员(即公司的注册股东)。而shareholders则是未登记到股东名册里的股东3.in cash ：以现金 in kind：以实物 in words：大写 in figures：小写 4.distributions：分配 5.consist of：由。组成，该词组是封闭式表达，表示只包括词组后面的内容，不包括其他内容，与be composed of 意思相同。而comprise ，include ，incorporate，be made of则是开放式表达，表示所列出的内容外，还包括了其他的内容。16.2Where the Directors determine that a dividend shall be paid wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets, the Directors may settle all questions concerning such distribution. Without limiting the foregoing generality, the Directors may fix the value of such specific assets, determine that cash payments shall be made to some Members in lieu of specific assets and vest any such specific assets in trustees on such terms as the Directors think fit.若董事会决定通过分配具体实物资产以支付全部或部分股息，董事会可解决有关此类分配的所有问题。在不影响上述条件普遍性情况下，董事会可确定以具体实物资产的价值，决定向部分成员支付现金以代替具体实物资产，并根据董事会认为合适的条件将所述具体实物资产委托给委托人管理。分析：（1）在章程里，where经常用来引导条件句，起作用与if和should相同，where 和should在引导条件句时，起作用和if一样，区别是：where与if后面的句子不用虚拟语气，但should后面要；（2）shall：应当，应该。如果不执行shall后面所述的行为，则要承担法律后果，而should则无需承担，只是对行为提出建议；（3）determine：决定，确定，章程协议中的常见用词；（4）settle/settlement：解决（争议，纠纷，问题等）（5）fix：确定，决定（6）without limiting the foregoing generality，在不影响上述普遍性的情况下，这种表达与without prejudice to the foregoing/abovementioned/above specifications generality类似，也是英文章程协议常见表达。（7）in lieu of：代替（8）vest：授予，归于。16.3Dividends may be declared and paid out of profits of the Company, realised or unrealised, or from any reserve set aside from profits which the Directors determine is no longer needed, or not in the same amount. Dividends may also be declared and paid out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorised for this purpose in accordance with the Law.股息可在宣布之后从公司已实现或未实现的利润中支付，或从利润中拔出董事会认为不需要的任何储备金，或不等额支付；亦可在宣布之后利用股票溢价账户或任何其他基金或根据公司法可授权用于支付股息的账户中支付。分析：（1）be paid out of：以支付，其中out of 的意思是从中，如dispute arising out of：因而产生的争议/纠纷。（2）realised：实现的/变现的，unrealised：未实现的/未变现的 （3）set aside：提取，留取，拨出 ；set aside from ：从.中提取 （4）or not in the same amount：理解为：或不等额支付”的意思 ；（5）share premium account：股票溢价账户；（6）for this purpose是for the purpose of的变体，类似的有for that purpose等 （7）in accordance with ：依据，根据，和pursuant to和according to相同，但是according to没那么正式16.4No unpaid dividend shall bear interest as against the Company. 本公司不对未支付股息承担利息。分析：bear interest as against the Company 对公司产生利息16.5The Company may pay dividends in proportion to the amount paid up on each share where a larger amount is paid up on some shares than on others. 若某些股票缴足的金额大于其他股票，本公司可按每股股票已缴足的金额比例支付股息。 分析:where a larger amount is paid up on some shares than on others 意思是“若某些股票缴足的金额大于其他股票”，股票缴足的金额比例不同。全句的意思是：若股票缴足的金额比例不同时，公司可按缴足金额的比例高低支付股息，若缴足金额比例相同（可能是全部全额缴付，也可能是按大家缴足部分的比例都是50%，60%等）就不按缴足的金额比例支付。16.6The Board may declare and make such other distributions (in cash or in specie) to the Members as may be lawfully made out of the assets of the Company. No unpaid distribution shall bear interest as against the Company.董事会可向公司成员宣布股息，并以可能的以本公司资产合法支付的方式（以现金或实物）进行分配。本公司不对未予以分配的资产分配承担任何利息。分析：第一句中包含一个such as的结构，may be 的结构相当于as the distribution may as be16.7 The Board may fix any date as the record date for determining the Members entitled to receive any dividend or other distribution, but, unless so fixed, the record date shall be the date of the Directors resolution declaring same.董事会可确定将任何日期作为决定公司成员有权接受任何股息或其他资产分配的登记日期，然而，除非按此方式确定，否则宣布本条所述内容的董事会决议案的日期应作为登记日期。分析：unless so fixed，：除非按此方式确定，是指上述的方式，这样的用法so 很常见，而且such ，same 也有类似的用法17.Power to Set Aside Profits提取利润的权力17.1The Board may, before declaring a dividend, set aside out of the surplus or profits of the Company, such sum as it thinks proper as a reserve to be used to meet contingencies or for equalising dividends or for any other purpose. Pending application, such sums may be employed in the business of the Company or invested, and need not be kept separate from other assets of the Company. The Directors may also, without placing the same to reserve, carry forward any profit which they decide not to distribute.董事会可在宣布股息前，从本公司盈余或利润中提取出其认为合适的数目作为储备金，用以处理突发事件或补偿股息或其他事项。未动用此储备金前，此数额可用于本公司的业务或用于投资，且无须于本公司其他资产独立开来。董事会还可在未提取该数额储备金的情况下,将他们决定不用于分配的利润进行结转分析：（1）contingency：紧急情况，突发事件，（2）equalising dividend：匀期股息，补偿股息。此概念英文解释为：special dividend paid to compensate investors for income lost because a change was made in the quarterly dividend payment schedule. (3)pending application:这里可理解为if the application is pended17.2Subject to any direction from the Company in general meeting, the Directors may on behalf of the Company exercise all the powers and options conferred on the Company by the Law in regard to the Companys share premium account.根据本公司在股东大会上所作的任何指示，董事会可以本公司名义行使所有权力，以及根据公司法赋予本公司的与本公司股票溢价账户有权的期权。分析：（1）conferred on：授予，给予 （2）in regard to：与.相关 其所引导的从句所限定的内容是powers and options中译英：第九章 侵权和保密Infingement and Confidentiality分析：侵权：infringement，tort ，保密：confidentiality9.1 乙方保证是本合同规定提供的一切专有技术和技术资料的合法所有者并有权向甲方转让。如果发生第三方指控侵权，由乙方负责与第三方交涉并承担法律上和经济上的全部责任。Party B guarantees that Party B is the legitimate owner of the know-how supplied to Party A in accordance with the stipulations of the Contract and has the right to the know-how to Party A.Where any accusation from any third party occurs,Party B shall be responsible for negotiating and communicating with the third party and bear all legal and economic responsibilities.分析：（1）保证：guarantee，warrantee，promise等，guarantee用的较多；（2）专有技术：proprietary technology，know-how（3）合法：legal，lawful，legitimate （4）有权：have the right to，be entitled to （5）转让：transfer，assign，delegate，其中delegate更倾向于委托 （6）如果发生：if/where+正常时态句子，或should+虚拟时态句子，句中可把“发生”译出（7）第三方：the third party ；双方：both parties（只有双方时） ；任何一方：any party，either party（只有双方时）； 负责：be responsible for ；交涉：可译为negotiating and comunicating ；承担：bear ，assume，undertake 法律上和经济上的全部责任：all legal and economic responsibilities 9.2 乙方有关合同产品的专利和专利申请的清单，见本合同附件八（注这只作为了解专利情况用，不应承担任何专利权的义务），由乙方在合同生效后一个月内一式二份交给甲方。 The list of the patents and patent applicantion relevant with the Contract Product,is shown in appendix eight of the Contract(Note:it is only for understanding the patent conditions,no patent right obligations shall be borne).Within one month after the Contract has come into force,Party B shall submit the list in duplicate to Party A.分析：有关：relevant with，related to ，in connection with 见：see，refer to ，please see/please refer to附件：appendix，enclosure，attachment 只作为用：only for，only for the purpose of 应/不应：shall/shall not 后一个月内：within one month after 一式两份：（made）in duplicate 一式三份/四份/五份/六份/七份/八份/九份/十份：made in triplicate/quadruplicate/quintuplicate/sextuplicate/septuplicate/octuplicate/nonuplicate/decuplicate 交给/提交：submit to/be submitted to9.3 甲方同意在合同有效期内，对乙方提供给甲方的专有技术予以保密。如果上述专有技术一部分或者全部被乙方或第三方公布，则甲方不再承担保密义务。（注：不要流动去承担保密责任，对方坚持要求时，再予考虑）Party A agrees to keep confidential the know-how supplied by Party B during the validity period of the Contract.However,if part of or the whole of the know-how is disclosed by Party B or any third party,Party A will no longer bear the confidentiality obligations.(Note:the confidentiality responsibilities will not be actively borne,it will be considered only when required by the other party)分析：同意：v.agree，consent，approve;n.consent，approval 有效期：validity period ，validity term 保密：keep confidential 公布/披露：publish，publicize/disclose 考虑：consider，take account to9.4 合同终止后，甲方仍有权使用乙方提供的专有技术，仍有权设计、制造、使用、销售和出口合同产品。After the termination of the Contract,Party A still has the right to use the know-how of Party B,i.e.,still has the right to design,manufacture,use,sell and export the Contract Product.分析：终止：terminate/termination 取消：cancel/cancellation 解除：dissolve/dissolution 仍有权：remain the right to/still have the right to第十章 税 费Taxes10.1 凡因履行本合同而发生在甲方国家以外的一切税费，均由乙方承担。All taxes，customs and other duties in connection with the performance of the Contract arising outside Party As country shall be borne by Party B.分析：因而发生：in connection with，arising out of 甲方国家以外：outside Party As country,outside the country of Party A10.2 乙方因履行本合同而在中国境内取得的收入，必须按中国税法纳税。The incomes obtained by Party B for reason of the performance of the Contract withinChineseterritory,shall be subjected to the taxation pay in accordance with the Law of the Peoples Republic of China.分析：因而取得：obtain for reason of 收入：income ，proceeds，revenues 境内：within the territory 必须：must 按法律：in accordance with the law of/pursuant to the law of第十一章 仲 裁Arbitration11.1 因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决。如协商仍不能达成协议时，则应提交仲裁解决。Any dispute arising out of the performance or in connection with the Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation between both parties.Where the negotiation fails,the dispute shall be submitted for artibration. 分析：因而发生或有关的：arising out of or in connection with其中若arising out of后面所接内容若与in connection with 后面内容不同，也可跟其他词 争议：dispute 冲突：conflict 友好协商：friendly negotiation/consultation 解决：deal with /settle/settlement 协商不成/协商仍不能达成协议：if/where the negotiation/consultation fails。11.2 仲裁地方在北京，由中国国际贸易仲裁委员会按该会仲裁规则进行仲裁。（注：也可规定在第三国仲裁，即：仲裁地