山东省聊城市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（2）.doc

山东省聊城市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）精练（2）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。air pollution is damaging 60% of europes prime wildlife sites in meadows, forests and bushes, according to a new report.a team of eu scientists said nitrogen emissions(氮排放) from cars, factories and farming were threatening biodiversity. its the second report this week warning of the on-going risks and threats linked to nitrogen pollution.nitrogen in the atmosphere is harmless in its inert(惰性的) state, but the report says reactive forms of nitrogen, largely produced by human activity, can be a menace to the natural world.emissions mostly come from vehicle exhausts(排气), factories, artificial fertilizers(肥料) and animal waste from intensive farming. the reactive nitrogen they emit to the air disrupts the environment in two ways: it can make acidic soils too acidic to support their previous mix of species. but primarily, because nitrogen is a fertilizer, it favors wild plants that can maximize the use of nitrogen to help them grow. in effect, some of the nitrogen spread to fertilize crops is carried in the atmosphere to fertilize weeds, possibly a great distance from where the chemicals were first applied.the effects of fertilization and acidification favor common aggressive species like grasses, brambles and nettles. they harm more delicate species like mosses(苔藓), and insect-eating sundew plants.the report said 60% of wildlife sites were now receiving a critical load of reactive nitrogen. the reports lead author, dr kevin hicks from the university of yorks stockholm environment institute (sei), told bbc news that englands peak district had a definitely low range of species as a result of the reactive nitrogen that fell on the area.“nitrogen creates a rather big problem that seems to me to have been given too little attention,” he said. “governments are responsible for protecting areas like this, but they are clearly failing.” he said more research was needed to understand the knock-on effects for creatures from the changes in vegetation accidentally caused by emissions from cars, industry and farms. at the conference, the representatives agreed “the edinburgh declaration on reactive nitrogen”. the document highlights the importance of reducing reactive nitrogen emissions to the environment, adding that the benefits of reducing nitrogen outweigh the costs of taking action.5. the underlined word “menace” is used to express that the reactive nitrogen, largely produced by human activity can be _.a. frighteningb. threateningc. uniqued. unusual6. we can infer from the passage that _.a. its harmless to have reactive nitrogen existing in the atmosphereb. reactive nitrogen emissions help aggressive species less than cropsc. the harm to those delicate species has a negative impact on biodiversityd. reactive nitrogen can fertilize soils and keep their biodiversity7. the team of eu scientists released the second report of nitrogen emissions this week when _.a. no action was taken to stop nitrogen emissionb. governments were willing to protect areas harmed by nitrogen c. “the edinburgh declaration on reactive nitrogen” was agreedd. nitrogen emissions were threatening wildlife sites biodiversity8. which of the following would be the best title for the passage?a. keeping away from nitrogen emissionsb. stopping nitrogen emissionsc. air pollution damaging europes wildlifed. saving europes wildlife【参考答案】5、b 68、cdc 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。the 2010 eustace tilley contestthis marks our third annual contest soliciting(征求) readers opinions on eustace tilley, the magazines iconic dandy(花花公子), who appeared on the cover of the first issue of the new yorker and on almost every anniversary issue since. in celebration of our upcoming 85th anniversary, we invite you to create your own version of the new yorkers dandy.entries to our third annual eustace tilley contest will be accepted from december 17th through january 18th. winners will be featured on n.visit /go/tilley2010 to enter and for complete contest rules.open to legal u.s. and canada residents (except quebec) age 18 and over.video conversations with james surowiecki watch the author of the financial page column in discussion with policymakers, business leaders, and economists. this month, james surowiecki speaks with dan vasella, the chairman and c.e.o. of novartis, about drug prices, health-care, reform, and the appearance of china in the pharmaceutical(制药的) industry. visit /go/vasella today.the big apple circus clown care program the big apple circus clown care program brings joy and laughter to young patients in seven new york city pediatric(儿科的) facilities, and 11 more across the country. 90 specially trained professional “clown doctors” visit nearly 250,000 bedsides a year, interacting with the children, family members and staff. the clown care program is a part of the healing process for children who come to new york presbyterian. the clown unit provides a unique way to reduce the stress associated with being in a hospital. being able to bring a smile to the face of a sick child clearly complements(辅助) the excellent care provided by our doctors and nurses. we are thrilled to include the clown care program as part of our team. please help continue this important work by making a financial contribution today at .9. whose entry will be accepted by the new yorker?a. richard, a post-graduate from quebec, canada, who sent his design on dec.20.b. amy, a 28-year-old asian-american teacher, who sent her design on jan. 20.c. jessie, a 16-year-old student from new york, who sent her design on dec. 29.d. john, a 68-year-old retired engineer from san francisco, who sent his design on jan. 10.10. which of the following is not true about james surowiecki?a. james surowiecki is the author of the financial page column.b. james surowiecki usually has discussions with people from different fields.c. james surowiecki speaks with a chairman about issues of medicine this month.d. visiting /go/vasella, you can watch the conversation of this month between james and an economist.11. _ can be provided by the big apple circus care program for sick children.a. excellent treatment and careb. trained professional doctors and nursesc. unique methods to relieve stressd. special pediatric facilities12. which of the following can be used by the big apple circus clown care program to promote itself?a. we help all children live happy lives.b. our doctors jump through rings to cure the blues.c. every life deserves world class care.d. work together for a healthier world.【参考答案】910、dd 1112、cb 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。compulsive（强迫的）shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. psychologists at the university of canterbury in new zealand are studying the “shop-till-you-drop” habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them distress.“it becomes a problem when you are out of control,” psychology lecturer neville blampied said. “when you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.” bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. few studies have been done on the problem.an advertisement in a christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by mr wilson, attracted 10 replies. but the problem, said mr wilson, is “clearly not rare”. he thinks that compulsive shopping should not be treated with drugs. “as psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,” mr wilson said.compulsive eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit. “both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,” he said. “you have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problems and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,” he said.the aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. the program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.“you often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with whats making you feel that way,” mr wilson said.8. what is this article mostly about?a. signs of compulsive shopping. b. studies of compulsive shopping.c. comparison of compulsive shopping and compulsive eating.d. an experimental treatment program designed by mr wilson.9. the underlined word“it”in the first paragraph most probably refers to .a. a new psychological excuse b. compulsive eatingc. the study done by blampied d. the behavior of wild shopping10. which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?a. teaching them to manage their money better.b. teaching them to understand their emotions.c. persuading them not to draw money from the bank.d. treating them with right drugs.11. when the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means that they .a. feel distressed after their wild shopping b. feel better after treatment from psychologistsc. are better able to deal with stress problems d. have a feeling of excitement after shopping【参考答案】811、bdbd 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。the baby elephant ishanga was lying in the bushes, scared, starving, and struggling to breathe. until just a few days before, she had been with her mother, walking through the sweeping grasslands of tsavo national park in the african country of kenya.the babys mother was killed, most likely by a poacher. on wednesday, november 17，2010， an anti-poaching team was removing the deadly wire traps that poachers set throughout the park. luckily, a member of the team spotted the baby and rushed to help her.suddenly, a lion sprang from the bushes and clamped its mouth around her neck. one person managed to pull out his gun and fire shots in the air. the shocked lion released the baby and backed away.now the weakened baby had a grave wound on her neck. about 300 miles north of tsavo is a place that helps baby elephants. over the years, the orphanage(孤儿院）has raised 130 elephants and successfully released them back into the wild.after a tense wait and a plane ride, the babys rescuers made it to the orphanage. the medical staff worked frantically to treat her wound. she was scared and wild. she screamed, and wouldnt let any humans get near her, refusing to eat or drink.after two hours of intense medical care, ishanga awoke and slowly struggled to her feet. two keepers and a veterinarian had been with her all night. they were relieved that she seemed to be recovering.the next day, though ishanga remained weak, her keepers introduced her to some of the other 14 young elephants living at the orphanage. the keepers stood back as the other elephants extended their trunk in friendly greetings. the older elephants led ishanga around, giving her a tour of her new home.over the past year, ishangas wounds have healed. she has made many friends. itll be up to ishanga to decide when shes ready to leave the orphanage. returning to the wild is a long process that can take more than 10 years. for now, she is in no rush to leave this extraordinary community of elephants and humans. ishanga has a long, happy life ahead of her.26.the underlined word “poacher” in paragraph 2 probably means_.a. someone who hunts illegallyb. someone who protects wild animalsc. some