湖南株洲市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配练习(9)及答案.doc

【上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷】任务型阅读 Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Space Travel and Science FictionSpace travel and science fiction have long been connected. Early science fiction writers such as Jules Verne inspired scientists and engineers to develop new space technologies. Writers of science fiction, as well as creators of science fiction TV shows and movies, often study the latest scientific concepts and use or adapt them to help expose what future space travel, space ships, and space stations might look like. And while many of their predictions have come true, many others have not.Jules Verne (1828-1905) was a French author. He was a pioneer of science fiction. In his novels From the Earth to the Moon (1865) and Around the Moon (1870), a kind of space ship is fired from a 900-foot-long cannon(大炮) at the moon. On their journey, the three travelers are deprived of gravity at one point and float around their small ship. When landing on the moon, rockets are used to slow the ship down.Given the year in which he was writing, Vernes predictions were very good. The size of his space ship is about the size of the first one to go to the moon, the Apollo, minus its large rockets. Both Vernes ship and the Apollo carried three people into space. Furthermore, rockets were indeed used by the Apollo to slow its descent. However, Vernes ship, by analogy(相似) with a gun, shot his travelers into space, which never could have worked. The intense pressure of such an event would cause great physiological damage to the crew.During the first half of the 20th century, science fiction novels and comic books were widely distributed in the United States. Their portrayal(描写) of space travel was less far-fetched than Vernes. Pictures began showing astronauts in space suits, as writers realized that exposure of human beings to space was deadly. Ideas of other planets were still often wrong, though. A 1928 drawing of the surface of a moon of the planet Jupiter shows it covered in plant life. Only later was it discovered that other than Earth, the planets and moons around our sun are without life as we know it. Drawings in the early 20th century showed very large space ships and stations. They were like floating cities. Writers at the time knew that trips to other stars would take hundreds of years. Those who left Earth would die on the journey; their descendants would arrive. Some writers avoided this problem by using the concept of suspended animationa deep sleep in which a person doesnt grow older. Such travelers would awaken at the end of their journey, hundreds of years in the future. It is not impossible that these ideas could become reality one day.After the American space program had begun, the television show Star Trek became very popular. It follows the adventures of a large space ship with over 400 crew members that flies around the universe at speeds faster than light. This is a wonderful dream, but it will probably never come to fulfillment. The laws of physics tell us that it is quite impossible for any object to travel faster than the speed of light.Its clear to see that science fiction has progressed along with science and technology. Science fiction writers continue to study scientific concepts and to use them to portray the future. Looking back at their ideas, some were correct and cannot be distinguished from todays reality; many others were nothing but fiction. But, they have always inspired new generations of humans to dream of someday going into space.78. According to the passage, what did early science fiction writers do to help reveal what future space travel might look like? 79. If the modern spaceship were shot into space by analogy with a gun, the astronauts in it would _. 80. The space travelers in early science fictions didnt wear space suits, because _. 81. According to the passage, suspended animation was a concept used in science fiction to _ (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Twelve Words.)【参考答案】78. They studied and employed the latest scientific concepts. 79. be dead or hurt greatly80. writers didnt realize exposure of human beings to space was deadly.81. allow people to travel for hundreds of years阅读表达【2014江西省九校高三第二次联考】1Environment is very important to a students success.A child who is in comfortable environment learns more and enjoys class better than a child who is not.A classroom with good decoration such as the students art works，and enticing games and crafts makes for an inviting opportunity for the students to learn while still having fun.Classrooms need to be fun and rewarding while still offering high standards of education.2Children need to feel welcomed and safe in their learning environment.If_at school with bullies or a teacher，the parents should consult the school system to resolve the problem.Pay attention to your children.Ask how their day at school went，ask what they learned，and always be attentive to any problem they speak of.3Learning for a child should be fun and entertaining.No one likes to feel forced to do something they do not want to do.Fun learning allows for children to learn and not really even realize they are doing so.Children like to feel smart and special.Smaller classrooms allow for more oneonone time between student and teacher.This can often greatly improve students learning.Keeping up with the class makes a child feel more comfortable and more eager to attend class and try to learn.Smaller classrooms also ensure that children receive recognition for a job well done.This boosts selfconfidence as well as the eagerness to learn.4We cannot expect school to be the only comfortable environment a child needs to be in.A childs home life can affect how they feel about school.Actually，learning is about how we feel about ourselves.Environment is important but as you can see it is not all matters in the learning process.1What is the main idea of the passage？(no more than 8 words)_2Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words.(no more than 5 words)_3What should parents do when their children have some problems？(no more than 6 words)_4What is the true meaning of learning，according to the author？(no more than 10 words)_5What does the word “it” (Line 5，Paragraph 4) probably refer to？(1 word)【参考答案】阅读表达1The importance of environment in students success.2a child is having trouble 3They should always be attentive.4Learning is about how we feel about ourselves.5Environment.阅读理解。The 2010 Eustace Tilley ContestThis marks our third annual contest soliciting(征求) readers opinions on Eustace Tilley, the magazines iconic dandy(花花公子), who appeared on the cover of the first issue of The New Yorker and on almost every anniversary issue since. In celebration of our upcoming 85th anniversary, we invite you to create your own version of The New Yorkers dandy.Entries to our third annual Eustace Tilley contest will be accepted from December 17th through January 18th. Winners will be featured on N.Visit /go/tilley2010 to enter and for complete contest rules.Open to legal U.S. and Canada residents (except Quebec) age 18 and over.Video Conversations with James Surowiecki Watch the author of The Financial Page column in discussion with policymakers, business leaders, and economists. This month, James Surowiecki speaks with Dan Vasella, the chairman and C.E.O. of Novartis, about drug prices, health-care, reform, and the appearance of China in the pharmaceutical(制药的) industry. Visit /go/vasella today.The Big Apple Circus Clown Care Program The Big Apple Circus Clown Care program brings joy and laughter to young patients in seven New York City pediatric(儿科的) facilities, and 11 more across the country. 90 specially trained professional “clown doctors” visit nearly 250,000 bedsides a year, interacting with the children, family members and staff. The Clown Care program is a part of the healing process for children who come to New York Presbyterian. The clown unit provides a unique way to reduce the stress associated with being in a hospital. Being able to bring a smile to the face of a sick child clearly complements(辅助) the excellent care provided by our doctors and nurses. We are thrilled to include the Clown Care program as part of our team. Please help continue this important work by making a financial contribution today at .9. Whose entry will be accepted by The New Yorker?A. Richard, a post-graduate from Quebec, Canada, who sent his design on Dec.20.B. Amy, a 28-year-old Asian-American teacher, who sent her design on Jan. 20.C. Jessie, a 16-year-old student from New York, who sent her design on Dec. 29.D. John, a 68-year-old retired engineer from San Francisco, who sent his design on Jan. 10.10. Which of the following is NOT true about James Surowiecki?A. James Surowiecki is the author of The Financial Page column.B. James Surowiecki usually has discussions with people from different fields.C. James Surowiecki speaks with a chairman about issues of medicine this month.D. Visiting /go/vasella, you can watch the conversation of this month between James and an economist.11. _ can be provided by The Big Apple Circus Care program for sick children.A. Excellent treatment and careB. Trained professional doctors and nursesC. Unique methods to relieve stressD. Special pediatric facilities12. Which of the following can be used by the Big Apple Circus Clown Care program to promote itself?A. We help all children live happy lives.B. Our doctors jump through rings to cure the blues.C. Every life deserves world class care.D. Work together for a healthier world.【参考答案】910、DD 1112、CB 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Garlic is one of the most common flavors in our kitchen. It not only tastes wonderful, but also its very good for your body. It is one of Mother Natures most precious gifts to cooks of all levels. Choose garlic heads that are firm to the touch, with no scars or soft cloves (蒜瓣). If you notice dark, powdery patches under the skin, pass it up because this is an indication of a common mold which will eventually spoil the flesh. Store unpeeled heads of garlic in an open container in a cool, dry place away from other foods. Do not refrigerate or freeze unpeeled garlic. Properly stored garlic can keep up to three months. As garlic ages, it will begin to produce green sprouts in the center of each clove. These infant green sprouts can be bitter, so throw them before using the garlic for your recipe. However, if you plant the cloves and let them grow to a height of about six inches, you can use the sprouts like chives (韭黄) in salads and such. Garlic can also be purchased as peeled whole cloves, both stored in olive or vegetable oil. It is urgent that garlic in oil be stored under refrigeration to avoid potentially-deadly bacteria growth. If you use a lot of garlic and wish to cut your preparation time down, you can pre-peel and store your own in oil in the refrigerator, but the best flavor will come from freshly-peeled cloves. Use garlic powder, garlic salt, and garlic juice only as a last resort. To peel a garlic clove, place it on a cutting board on its side, and gently press down quickly with the flat side of a butcher knife. The skin should then easily peel off. If you find the skin clinging desperately to the clove, congratulations! You have fresh garlic. As garlic ages, the skin is gradually dried-up, making it easier to peel. 1. The passage is mainly about. A. how to select, store and peel garlic B. what garlic tastes and smellsC. where to keep the garlic D. when to reap the garlic2. A dark patch under the skin of garlic means. A. the cloves of garlic are soft B. the garlic has been kept for longC. something wrong with the garlic D. the garlic has been cooked3. The underlined word “sprouts” means. A. new parts growing on a plant B. newly seeds growing on a plant C. parts belonging to a branching shape D. thin skin attached to garlic4. If you want to store garlic, . A. you can keep it in the refrigerator up to three monthsB. youd better keep the peeled in the refrigeratorC. you may keep frozen unpeeled garlicD. you can put garlic in vegetable oil5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The sprouts of garlic tastes like chives. B. Garlic juice is better than the freshly-peeled. C. A cutting board is helpful for peeling garlic. D. Olive oil is needed when cooking garlic. 【参考答案】15、ACABC 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some peoples immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found. The study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed social situations. Those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress. “It turns out there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author George Slavich, at the Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology at the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a UCLA news release. “For example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, its threatening and sad. In this study, we sought to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”The findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. We have known for a long time that social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but its been unclear exactly how these effects occur. As we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知)