Unit 3 A taste of English humour词汇句型语法学案.doc

嘉兴英语教学网 收集整理 欢迎使用A taste of English humour单元词汇句型语法学案人教版新课标 必修四 Unit 3 Period One Explanations of new words and phrasesI.Words. 1. content adj.表示或感到满意或满足的; 心满意足的:_vt. 1) We should never content ourselves with book knowledge oniy. Adj. 1) He is content to stay in his present job. 2) Dont be content with such a small success. n. 1) The drawer had been emptied of its contents. 2) The content of your essay is excellent, but its not very well expressed.3) We can swim in the river to our hearts content.2. inspire adj. 有创作力的,受灵感启示的:_ 有创作力的诗人_vt. 1) Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us with much confidence.2) This inspired in us a love for learning. 3) The teacher inspired us to work harder.4) The teacher inspired us to great efforts.3. entertain adj使人愉快的; 有趣的._n. 宴客; 招待; 款待; 娱乐_n.（娱乐节目的）表演者; （尤指）艺人_vt.1) He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 2) I usually entertain friends to dinner on Sundays.拓展：entertaining adj. 使人愉快的，有趣：his entertaining silent movies他那逗乐的无声电影，an entertaining story/guess一个有趣的故事/客人。4. direct n. 方向，指导_主管，导演_说明书_vt. 1) Can you direct me to the station? 2) The owners directed that the factory be closed.3) The officer directed them to advance.【辨析】direct/directly direct. adv 1) 中途不停地; 径直地; 笔直地2) 亲自地; 直接地 directly. adv 1) 径直地; 直接地; 坦率地; 直爽地 2) 立即; 马上Come in directly3) conj as soon as 一俟; 一.就.: He took a direct flight to New York. 他直飞纽约。We flew direct from London to New York. 我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约5. sense n. 官能，感觉，理性vt. 感觉到，理解n. 1) He is far from any sense of responsibility. 2) There is no sense in getting upset about it .3) It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 4) Can you make sense of this poem?5) She came to senses in hospital.6）Your brother has a good sense of humor. 你兄弟很有幽默感。7)The dog sensed that I was afraid. 这只狗感觉到我害怕了。6. astonish vt 使惊讶(= surprise sb. greatly)The earthquake astonished the whole country. 这次地震震惊了全国。辨析：astonishing adj.令人震惊的；astonished adj.感到惊呀的 7. particular 非一般的，特别的，特殊的He left for no particular reason. 他无缘无故就走了。To Jane, her diary is a particular friend. 对简来说，日记是她的特殊朋友。搭配：in particular =especially特别是8. throughout prep. 遍及, 贯穿adv. 到处, 始终, 全部It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。I watched the film and cried throughout. 我看那个电影时从头哭到尾。9. failure n.失败(不可数)；失败的经历，失败的人或事(可数)Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。I became successful after many failures. 在多次失败后，我终于成功了。She was a failure as a manager. 她是一个不称职的经理。10. overcome v. 克服，战胜(defeat)；找到解决的办法)He has overcome the bad habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸烟的坏习惯。After hours of hard working, they overcame the difficulty. 经过几个小时的努力，他们终于把这难题解决了。搭配：be overcome with /by因不能自持He was overcome by the heat. 他热得受不了。11. fortunate adj. 幸运的，交好运的(=lucky)He is a fortunate man (=a lucky dog). 他是个幸运的人。I was fortunate to have a good teacher. 我很幸运，有位好老师。派生：fortunately adv.幸好(=luckily常置于句首)；unfortunate adj. 不幸的(=unlucky)；unfortunately adv. 不幸的是(=unluckily)；fortune n. 运气，财富，巨款12. mouthful n. 一口, 满口Im so full I couldnt eat another mouthful. 我吃得太饱了，一口也不能多吃了。He took a mouthful of fresh air. 他吸一口新鲜空气。注：不要因以ful结尾而误以为是形容词，这类名词还有handful(一把)等。13. outstanding adj. 突出的, 杰出的，显著的She is an outstanding actress. 她是一个杰出的演员。He has many outstanding gifts.他多才多艺。14. sense n. 官能，感觉，理性vt. 感觉到，理解 She has no sense of time. 她没有时间观念。He has a good sense of smell. 他的嗅觉很灵敏。Your brother has a good sense of humor. 你兄弟很有幽默感。The dog sensed that I was afraid. 这只狗感觉到我害怕了。. Phrases.1. be content(=satisfied) with/to do对感到满意/满足的He was content with his work. 他对自己的工作很满意。The old man seems content to live here. 这个老人似乎很乐意住在这里。注：content是表语形容词，若需作定语，可用contented，如a contented person /smile心满意足的人/微笑。2. badly off 穷的，缺少的，处境差比较级：worse off境况更差，更穷困反义词：well off富裕，处境好(比较级：better off)I am quite badly off recently. 最近我经济上很拮据。His health is worse off than before. 他的身体比以前更糟糕。He is quite well off, I hear. 我听说他相当富裕。He is much better off than I am. 他的日子比我宽裕得多。注：well-to-do life或a better-off life小康生活；well-off family小康之家3. pick out挑选出，认出，弄懂Please pick out the books that youd like to read. 请把你想看的书选出来。Can you pick out your sister in this crowd? 你能在这人群中认出你姐姐来吗？The box was so dirty that we couldnt pick out the directions on the label. 盒子太脏，我们看不清标签上的说明。真题：This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _my father. (湖北)A. find outB. pick outC. look outD. speak out解析：表示从人群中“辨认出”，用pick out，故选B。4. cut off切断，割下；隔开，断绝；停止供应Mind you dont cut your fingers off. 小心别切断手指头。She feels very cut off living in the country. 她感到生活在乡间很闭塞。 Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。真题：He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _from the outside world. (安徽)A. cut outB. cut offC. cut upD. cut through解析：表示与外界“隔绝”，用cut off (from)，故选B。5. star in 主演，在中担任主角She has starred in some thirty films. 她主演过大约三十部影片。6. knock into撞上，撞见The boy knocked into her. 那个男孩撞到了她身上。I knocked into an old friend of mine in the park. 我昨天在公园里碰见一位老朋友。7. bump into 碰上，偶遇，邂逅(= meet sb. /sth. by chance)I bumped into an old friend of mine in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上遇到一个老朋友。The bus bumped into the car in front.巴士撞上了前面那辆汽车。8. in search of 寻找，寻求They came here in search of new markets for their products. 他们来此为他们的产品寻找新市场。They started off at once in search of (=in their search for) the missing girl. 他们立刻动身寻找那个失踪的女孩。注：若名词search前有物主代词或冠词等限定词时，多用介词for。9. be/get caught in a rain / traffic jam遇上雨/交通阻塞We got caught in the storm. 我们碰上暴雨了。Caught in a rain, he was wet all over. 淋到了一场雨，他全身都湿了。I was caught in the traffic jam. Thats why I was late. 我遇上阻车了，这就是我迟到的原因。10. as if = as though 好像 似乎as if 引导状语或表语从句时，从句内容若是事实用陈述语气，若不是事实就用虚拟语气(be一般用were)。如：She talked to me in such a way as if we were sisters. 她那样对我说话，就好像我们是姐妹一样。He opened his mouth as if (he was) to speak. 他张开嘴好像要说话。IIIExercises. 根据中文或首字母提示，填写所缺单词的适当形式。1.By the end of February schools are opened t_ the country. 2.He is a f_ as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.3.If we work with a strong will, we can o_ any difficulty, no matter how great it is. 4.He had great d_ in getting the work done within a week. 5.They sent the enemy ship to the b_ of the sea.6.I found it _ (令人惊讶的) that the young player beat the chess master in the game. 7.I still remember her _ (特别的) way of smiling.8.My family _ (款待) him as an honored guest. 9.Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the _ (无家可归的) work and education.10.After graduating from Peking University, he was _ (幸运的) in having a good job. Key; 1. throughout 2. failure 3. overcome 4. difficulty 5. bottom 6.astonishing 7. particular 8. entertained 9. homeless 10.fortune (II)下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means to wait for another hour.4. He requested that we must offer some money to him. 3. He searched for all his pockets but failed to find his pass.4. She was broken down when she heard the news, but quickly recovered.5. The scientist is content to work here, but he isnt content at this small success.Key:1. waitwaiting。mean意为“意味着”时，后面接动词-ing形式。2. 去掉must。request连结从句时用虚拟语气，（should）+动词原形。 3. searched forsearched。search的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所。 4. 去掉was。broke down意为“精神垮了”。break是不及物动词，没有被动形式。5. atwith。对形容词短语be content with的考查，意为“对满意”。Period Two Important sentencesI.Sentences:1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as hecould speak and dance as soon as he could walk.1) find it +adj.+that.clause 中，find之后是复合宾语，it 是形式宾语，指代that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 2) 注意love/like/hate/appreciate it if/when.从句中it作形式宾语，if/when.从句做真正宾语也可以说是模糊指代，这是近几年的高考热点。【典例探究】(2006 湖南)As the business woman in Norton,she made her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.A.this B.that C.one D.it(2007山东) worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A.This B.That C.What D.It (2006全国)If I can help ,I dont like working late into the night.A.so B.that C.it D.them(2007全国) felt funny watching myself on TV.A.One B.This C.It D.That2.Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe ,treating it as if it were the finest meat.1)He looks as if he were an artist.(同时)2)He soeaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.（先于）3)He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A. （后于）【归纳总结】若从句中的动词与主句谓语动词同时发生，则从句谓语动词用过去式；若先与主句则用过去完成式；若后于主句，则用过去将来式。【巩固运用】 The child talked to us .那个小孩和我们谈起话来象成年人似的。He acts as if .他做起来就象知道了事实似的。When a pencile is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been brokenLooking around the town he felt as though he away for ages.A.has been B.was C.is D.had beenKey;1. 【典例探究】DDCC 2.【巩固运用】as if he were an adult he had known the fact C DII. Practices1. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend.A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out2. Never in my dream _ these people are living in such poor condition.A. I could imagine B. could I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt I imagine3. He didnt look _, but said nothing.A. convinced B. convincing C. well D. beautiful4. So long as you make Lily happy, I am _.contenting B. contented C. satisfy D. satisfying5. _ the exam will disappoint your parents.A. Fail B. Your failing C. You fail D. You to fail6. What me most was that he didnt pass the exam.A. astonish B. astonishingC. astonished D. to astonish7 It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader.A. interested, interest B. interesting, be interested C. interested, be interesting D. interesting, interest8. The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked9. I found his living conditions were much after his father died.A. badlyoff B. worse offC. more worse off D. worst off 10. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world.cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut throughKey: DBABB CDDABPeriod Three GrammarI.语法讲解： 1. 动词-ing形式作表语 (1)动名词作表语，说明主语的内容，指一般性、经常性的动作。如：His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。(可以说成Teaching English is his job.)(2)现在分词作表语，相当于形容词，说明主语的性质；可有比较形式，亦可被very等副词所修饰。如：He was very amusing. 他很有趣。Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比溜冰更刺激。2. 动词-ing形式作定语(1)动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的功能；被修饰的名词与动名词没有逻辑上的主谓关系；可用“名词+for+动名词”来表达；动名词通常只能位于所修饰的名词前。如：a swimming pool (=a pool for swimming) 游泳池a walking stick (=a stick for walking) 手杖(2)现在分词作定语表示性质、特征、状态或动作；被修饰的名词与现在分词在逻辑上有主谓关系；可换成定语从句来表达；单个的现在分词作定语，常置于被修饰的名词的前面；现在分词短语作定语，须置于被修饰名词的后面。如：Nobody can stop the running horse (=the horse that is running). 没有人能阻止那匹奔马。(horse与running在逻辑上有主谓关系)I know the man standing there (=who is standing there.). 我认识站在那儿的那个人。(the man与standing there在逻辑上有主谓关系)3. 动词-ing形式用作宾语补足语。(1)动词-ing形式用作宾语补足语，宾语与补足语有主动关系，表示“动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中）”。如：She caught them stealing her apples. 她撞见他们偷她的苹果。(them与stealing有主动关系；在“撞见”时，正在偷) (2)试比较以下句子：I saw the boy climb the wall. 我看见小孩爬墙。(强调爬墙这件事)I saw the boy climbing the wall. 我看见小孩正在爬墙。(强调爬墙的情景) II.Practices.1. Alien said that his trip was _.A. interested B. interest C. interesting D. of interest2. We cant understand _ a decision until it is too late.A. him to postpone to make B. his postponing to make C. him to postpone making D. his postponing making3. I couldnt understand _ at the poor child.A. you to laugh B. you laugh C. why laugh D. you laughing4. Its no use_ with him. You might as well _ with a stone wall. A. arguing, argue B. to argue, arguing C. arguing, arguing D. to argue, argue5. It is no good _ todays work for tomorrow. A. to leave B. leaving C. that you leave D. leave6. The old mans _ pity on the snake led to his own death.A. take B. taking C. being taken D. have8. Some peoples greatest pleasure is _ . A. fishing B. to fish C. to be fish D. being fishing9. Remember _ the book, when you have finished it. A. putting back B. having put back C. to put back D. will put back10. You didnt hear us come back last night. Thats good. We tried _ noisy. A. to not be B. not to be C. being not D. not being11. Though he failed, he tried _ it again and again. A. to do B. doing C. do D. done.12. Youll regret _ those words. You may hurt her feelings. A. say B. to say C. having said D. to have said13. You can keep the book until you _ . A. have finished reading B. finish to read C. will finish reading D. have finished to read14. We are looking forward to _ another chance _ it again. A. be given, to try B. give, to try .C. giving, trying D. having, to try15. Most of the students enjoy_ stamps.A. collect B. to collect C. collecting D. collected16. Excuse me for _ in without _. A. coming, asking B. coming, being asked C. to come, asking D. to come, being asked17. People couldnt help _ the foolish girl. A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing :18. What do you think of the book?Oh. excellent, its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read19. It is no use _to come now. He is busy.A. ask him B. to ask him C. that you ask him D. asking him20. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying21. Can you read? Mary said to the notice. A. angrily, pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily, pointed D. and angrily pointing22. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of Tight. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed23. Your mother and I are looking forward_ you. A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to see D. to seeing24. The girl couldnt_ how red his face was. A. help to notice B. be helping to notice C. be helping noticingD. help noticing25. There is no question of _ able to finish it himself. A. Tom was B. Toms being C. Toms be D. Tom is26. The new shopping center _ now will be put into use by the end of this year. A. built B. be built C. being built D. to be built27. Strictly _, it isnt worth the price you are asking. A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. spoken28. Time _, theyll come here to watch us _ football. A. permitted, playing B. permitted, to play C. permitting, play D. permitting, to play29. The man was seen _ into the courtyard. A, stealing B. stolen C. be stealing D. had stolen30. The noise of the desks _ could be heard in the next classroom. A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed31. I remember _ someone _ the umbrella away.A. to see, take B. having seen, to take C. to see, to take D. having seen, take32. She was noticed _ the shop. A. to enter B. enter C. having entered D. entered33. I couldnt help _ when I heard the joke. A. being laughed B. laughing C. to be laughing D. to laugh34. Anna spends one hour a day _ spoken English. A. practise B. to practise C. on practising D. in practising35. No one was surprised at _ the examination.A. he passing B. his pass C. him pass D. his passing36. Although swimming is his favourite sport, yet he doesnt like _ today. A. to swim B. swimming C. swim D. to have swim37. She sat at the desk and set about _ a letter to her friend. A. to write B. writing C. write D. written38. Anna is often heard _songs in her room. A. sung B. singing C. sing D. to sing39. The more you practise _ English, the better your _ English will be. A. to speak, speakingB. speaking, spoken C. spoken, spoken D. spoken, speaking40.Time _ , I can have done it better. Apermit Bpermitted Cpermitting Dto permit41.When _ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed. Afind Bfinding Cfound Dfounded 42.Im sorry to have kept you _ so long a time. Await Bto wait Cwaited Dwaiting43._ the rain had stopped, he left his rai