必修三module 2单词+课文+翻译.doc

Module2hunger n. 饥饿income n. 收入poverty n. 贫穷human n. （与动物等对比的）人development n. 发展index n. 指数measure vt. 测定；测量；评估goal n. 目标expectancy n. （根据概率得出的）预期数额position n. 位置educate vt. 教育；培养；训练figure n. 数字household n. 一家人；家庭homeless adj. 无家可归的charity n. 慈善团体crowded adj. 拥挤的freeway n. 高速公路inhabitant n. 居民similarity n. 类似；相似unfortunate adj. 不幸的；遗憾的location n. 位置；所在地tourism n. 旅游业transport n. 交通工具industrial adj. 工业的polluted adj. 受到污染的smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的entertainment n. 娱乐exchange n. 交换Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries发展中国家与发达国家 The Human Development Report人类发展报告 In the year 2000,147 world leaders agree to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier. From this agreement came the Human Development Report. 2000年， One of the most important sections of this report is the Human Development Index.This examines the achievements of 175 countries The Index measures a countrys achievements in three ways:life expectancy (how long people usually live),education and income.The index has some surprises.Norway is at the top of the list,while the US is at number 7. The other top five countries are:Iceland (2), Sweden (3), Australia (4), the Netherlands (5). The UK is in the thirteenth position,while China is in the middle of the list.The bottom ten countries are all African countries,with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list. The report describes eight Development Goals.The most important goals are to: reduce poverty and hunger; make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11; fight AIDS and other diseases; improve the environment of poor people, e.g. make sure they have safe drinking water; encourage developed countries to give more help to other countries The 2003 Human Development Report gives examples of successful development. For example, in nine years(1953-1962),China increased life expectancy by 13 years. In the last ten years in China, 150 million people moved out of poverty. However, the challenges are still great. Every day 799 million people in developing countries are hungry. Over half of these are in South Asia or Africa. Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.； More than 1 billion people in developing countries do not drink safe water. However, in other regions of the world, e.g. Eastern Europe,water is now mostly safe to drink. The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts. Although developed countries give some financial help, they need to give much more. Interestingly, the countries that give the most money are the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. These are among the five richest countries in the world, so it is right that they should do so. 147个国家领导人达成协议，一起努力到2015年甚至更早缓解贫困，这个协议达成后接下来便产生了人类发展报告。. 这个报告最重要的一部分就是“人类发展指标”，这对175个国家的成果作了分析检测。 这项指标从三个方面衡量一个国家的成就：寿命（人们通常能活多久）、教育和收入。这项指标显示了一些令人感到意外的情况。挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。 中间五个国家按名次分别是冰岛、瑞典、澳大利亚和荷兰， 英国位居第十三，而中国排在名单的中间。处于末端的十个国家均是非洲国家，西非的塞拉利昂排在最后。这个报告描述了八个发展目标，最重要的目标是：缓解贫穷和饥饿；确保11岁以上的孩子都能接受教育；战胜艾滋病和其他疾病 改善穷人的生活环境，如确保他们都喝上安全健康的饮用水；.鼓励发达国家给予其他国家更多的帮助。2003年的人类发展报告报告了几个发展成功的实例，譬如，在九年（1953-1962）的时间里，中国的人均寿命就增加了13岁；在过去的十年中，中国有1.5亿人摆脱了贫穷，然而，仍然还存在着很大的挑战。在发展中国家每天仍有7.99亿人处于饥饿中，这些人中有一半是南亚或者非洲的； 虽然发展中国家超过80%的孩子能上小学，但是仍然有1.15亿的孩子没有接受教育