土木工程材料名词解释.doc

1）true density密度the mass of per unit solid volume in Provides conditions2） Bulk density毛体积密度The mass of material per unit Bulk volume in Provides conditions3） Porosity孔隙率the pore volume of per unit Total volume4） Water absorption吸水性The absorption capacity(能力) of STONE IN reaching moisture（潮湿） conditions5） ratio of water absorption吸水率the weight of water absorbed by dry stone IN ROOMtemperature and normal atmospheric pressure6）Ratio of water saturated饱水率the weight of water absorbed by dry stone in room temperature and vacuum（真空）7）weather resistance耐候性the capacity（能力） to resist the effect ofweather石料抵抗大气等自然因素作用的性能称为耐候性。8） abrasiveness磨耗性is the mechanical wearing and scraping of rocksurface by friction or impact or both.9) aggregates集料4.2.1 Aggregate classification集料的分类Aggregate: is a rocklike material of varioussizes shapes, used in the manufacture.For concrete, asphalt concrete, basecourse, railroad ballast.Such as: gravel, sand, crush rock, Industrial Slag（炉渣）集料包括岩石天然风化而成的砾石（卵石）和砂等、岩石经机械和人工轧制的各种尺寸的碎石，以及工业冶金矿渣。Aggregates sources:Natural or natural aggregate: come from pits or river deposits.Gravel or river gravel consist of materials with round and smooth edges Manufactured mineral aggregates:Produced from crushing and processing of quarried stone.Processing: crushing, washing and sizing.Crush stone are angular in shape and have rough surface texture.Mineral aggregates are granite, sandstone, limestone, and dolomite. The compressive strength which ranges between 90-235MPa.10) Apparent density （简称视密度）【表观密度】the mass of a unit apparent volume in Provides conditionsBulk density毛体积密度The mass of a unit Bulk volume in the Providesconditions. loose density堆积密度The mass of a unit loose volume in Provides conditions4 The air voids percent空隙率the void of the percentage of the total volume2）Gradation 级配 Refers to the proportions（比例） of aggregateParticles（粒） distributed（分布） in special particle-size rages.Sieve test and sieve analysis:级配的三参数： percentage retained分计筛余百分率 cumulative percentageretained累计筛余百分率 percentage passing通过百分率11） Particle shape and surface textureContent of flake and elongated针、片状颗粒含量 cementa kind of gelatinous materials setting and Hardening in water or air.v Universal Cement通用水泥v Special purpose cement专用水泥v Special