新概念英语第二册53~54课.doc

53课hot adj hot-hotter-hottest1) 热的，炎热的，反：cold / hot water/ hot weather/ a hot dayeg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁.hot 炎热的 warm 温暖的 cool 凉爽的 chilly 寒冷的 cold 寒冷的,严寒的2) 调味品辣的Eg: Pepper and mustard are hot. 辣椒和芥末是辣的.3) 强烈的,激烈的,热烈的.have a hot temper 脾气暴躁/ a hot debate 激烈的辩论get hot on rock music 热衷于摇滚音乐4) 新闻等最新的,刚发生的,刚到达的.hot news on the election results 选举结果的最新消息a magazine hot from the press 刚出版的杂志a young man hot from school 刚出校门的年轻人be hot on sb 迷恋某人,爱慕某人/ be in hot water 惹上麻烦=get into trouble/run into troublea hot potato 棘手或讨厌的事物或情况/ get hot under the collar(领口) 勃然大怒,激动fireman n. 消防员fireplace 壁炉/ firework 烟火/ fire-water 烈酒/ fire-fighter 消防队员(尤指护林的)/ firehouse fire station 消防队,消防站fireproof adj. 耐火的/ fire-raising n. 防火,纵火cause1) v. 引起,导致 eg: A cigarette caused the forest fire./ What caused his sickness?/ an accident caused by carelessnessB result from A/ A cause B/ A lead to B/ A contribute to B/ A result in B/ A start B/ A bring about B2) n. 理由 eg: You have no cause for complaint./ Dont be late without cause/ Dont be late without good cause.3) n. 原因,起因eg: What was the cause of his sickness?/ find out the cause 查出原因examine1) v. 仔细观察,检查,调查eg: The firefighters examined every inch of the forest.examine facts/ examine a theory/ examine an evidence2) v. 诊查eg: The doctor examined his patient carefully 3) v. 考试,测试examine students in English/ examiner 主考人/ examinee 应考者exam n. 考试=examinationaccidentally adv. 意外地,偶然地accidental adj. 意外的,偶然的 happening unexpectedly or by chance 反义词 intentionalan accidental meeting with a friend/ an accidental deathaccident1) n.c 事故,意外a car accident/a road accident/ a traffic accident2) 机遇, 命运,造化(chance, fortune)by chance/ by accident/ accidentallyeg: I found a gold mine by accident./ I found a gold mine accidentally./ I found a gold mine by chance.remains n.s .尸体,残骸,遗体,遗址remain1) v. 留下,剩下,遗留eg: After the fire, nothing remained in my house./ If you take 3 from 8, 5 remains./ Much remains to be done.要做的事还很多。/ Whats done is done./ Let bygones be bygones. 木已成舟.2) v. 仍是,保持不变eg: He remained silent./ After the quarrel, they remained the best of friends.remains1) n. 剩余物,残余物 the remains of a meal2) n. (古建筑等物)遗址,废墟 the remains of Yuanmingyuan 圆明园3) n. 遗体,遗骸 eg: The remains of Chairman Mao were kept well in a crystal coffin.wire1) n. 金属线，电线 eg：He tied a basket to the bicycle with a piece of wiretelephone wires 电话线/ barbed wire 有刺的铁丝2) (美口)电报 send a wire 发电报/ receive a wire 接电报be on wires/ be all on wires 兴奋,坐立不安under the wire 面前来得及wireless adj. 无线的 wireless telegraphy 无线电报volt n. 伏特 voltage n. 电压,伏特数power line 电力线power1) 电力,动力 electric power 电力/ atomic power 原子动力/ water power 水力2) 力,能力 brain power 智力/ the power of hearing 听力3) 权力,支配力,势力 political power 政治权力Eg: The dictator held absolute power over his people.not within ones power= beyond ones power 力所不能及eg: It is beyond my power to understand how the computer e to power=come into power 得势,掌权.solve v. 解决,解答,回答 work outsolve a question/ solve a problem/ solve a puzzle/ solve a crime/ solve a mysteryeg: We must solve the economic crisis.solution n. 解决,解答a solution for a trouble 纷争的解决/ a solution to a troubleeg: It took a long time to find the solutionmystery n. 神秘的事物,不可解释的事物,秘密.the mystery of life 生命的奥秘/ an air of mystery 神秘的气氛eg: His disappearance is a mystery./ The murder is wrapped in mystery.可作定语修饰名词a mystery guest 神秘的来客/ a mystery visitor/ a mystery tour 神秘之旅snatch1) v. 抢,夺,掠取 snatch up 抓起来eg: The thief snatched her bag and ran away./ He snatched at the paper as his mother was about to see it.2) v. (趁机)迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完饭 snatch a sleep on a busy day 在忙碌的日子偷闲小睡snatch a kiss 出其不意的吻snatch 迅速而有力(粗鲁地)抓住,抢 snatch a chancegrab 抓,抢,抢夺,抓住(热切而拼命地) grab sth from sb/ grab sth from sth grasp 1) 抓住或咬住,抓紧 grasp a chance 抓住机会 2)掌握 grasp a languagehold 抓住,握住,托住 .take hold of/ catch hold of / get hold of spark n. 火花,火星,电火花(切断电流而产生)strike a spark from a flint 用燧石打出火花/ a shower of sparks 如阵雨般(大量的)火星,火花a bright spark 活泼而聪明的年轻人/ a bright apple 骄傲的年轻人 a wise applekey structures现在完成进行时一般过去时: 强调过去某一时间发生完的动作或者出于的状态,搭配一个明确的过去时间.现在完成时构成: have/has+v.-ed. 强调过去某一动作对现在存在影响或者是这个动作一直延续到现在还可能再延续下去.现在完成进行时:强调过去动作对现在产生的影响,强调一致在进行着,一直发生着.构成: have/has been+doingEg: I stayed at this hotel five years ago.Eg: Have you ever stayed at this hotel?Eg: I have been staying at this hotel for 3 weeks.现在完成进行时1. 表示动作从过去某一时间开始一致延续到现在或离现在不远的时间.多用于延续性动词,如: live, learn, lie, stay, sit ,wait ,stand, wrest(扭曲), study.等,并且常和一些时间状语:all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for所引导的状语短语或从句连用。Eg： What have you been doing all this time？你一直干什么来着？Eg： He is ill。Hes been lying in the bed for 3 weeks。2. 现在完成进行时和一切进行时态一样也可以带有感情色彩。Eg：Too much has been happening today。今天真是个多事的日子。Eg：Fiddlesticks！Who has been telling you such stuff？乱弹琴！谁和你说的这样胡话？Text：1. Hot snakehot snake 触电的蛇get a electric shock 触电2. At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.at last 最后，终于，过程很艰难。California=Golden State。淘金热put out a fire 扑灭火（put out 扑灭，熄灭，关掉）eg：Please put the light/fire out.a fire 一场(堆)火3.Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.since then 从那时起，到现在为止find out （经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出（这里find out的宾语是个从句）Eg：Ill try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.4，Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片/a broken heart 失意/ a broken glass 破杯子/ a broken promise 爽约/ a broken marriage 破裂的婚姻/ a broken home 破碎的家庭cigarette ends 烟头come to an end 结束,完毕 eg: The meeting came to an end at midnight.make both ends meet.量入为出,使收支相抵.throw away 扔掉 throw to 向扔过去 eg: He threw the ball to me and I caught it.throw at 向砸过去 eg: The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it.5，They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.be sure that 对很有把握；quite sure 相当的把握性quite 1)相当 eg: Are you quite certain about that? 2) 全然,完全,十分,的确eg: she was quie alone.她的确是一个人. 3) 事实上,非常 eg: It was quite a bargain.4) 颇为,相当地 eg: Shes a quite good actress/ The jacked is quite good.rather adv. 相当fairly adv. 相当, 公正地, 诚实地quite(completely)ratherfairly 程度一个比一个轻quite a few 颇有几个(相当多的)start a firecause a fire （start vt. 使发生，引起）eg: We started on our journey.我们出发去旅行./ Our school starts at 8:50.Eg: He hasnt started in writing his next play yet.Eg: He hasnt started on writing his next play yet.start to do sth 1)主语为物2）start为进行时态3）后面的动词do 表示内心活动eg： A strong wind started to blow/ She is starting to prepare lunch.start doing stheg: He usually starts studying at 8 at home.Eg: He started to understand it.6.This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.cause与reason区别cause n. 直接导致行为或事件发生的原因,即”起因”vt. 使发生,导致,引起reason n. 解释某事为什么发生的理由或借口vt/vi 评理,劝说reason sb into doing sth/ talk sb into doing sth劝某人做某事reason sb out of (doing)sth/ talk sb out of (doing)sth劝某人别做某事eg: Do you know the cause of the fire?/This is the reason why he left.Eg: What caused the fire?Eg: I reasoned with him for hours, but I couldnt persuade him to change his mind.accidentally =by chance 偶然地discover 本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义I dont know who discovered America.7，He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.notice 注意别人没注意的东西the remains表示“尸体，残骸”，必须用复数形式：The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.16,000-volt power line 连字符“-” 一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格,能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语wind vt. 缠绕，卷在上；盘旋，蜿蜒1)vt. 缠绕，卷在上（常与around/round连用）Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree?2) vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋wind ones way 蜿蜒而行8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery.in this way 就这样9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.snatched up sth from the ground从地上抓起来had done 先发生的事drop vt.无意掉下去的,使落下,使掉落eg: She dropped the vase on the floor.drop vi.eg：The teapot dropped out of her hand。fall vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（强调的是掉下来的概念, 动作）I fell and hurt myself.Eg：When leaves fall in autumn, Ill come back.eg: He fell down the stairs and broke his leg.Eg: The book fell from the table to the floor。Eg：Prices fell/ Prices dropped.10. The snake then wound itself round the wires.wound roundeg: Vines often wind around a post or a tree.葛藤常常缠绕在柱子上或树木上.Eg: I wind this clock every day. 我每天给这个钟上弦.Eg: Does this watch wind automatically? 11. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.do so 这么做I refuse to do so. 我拒绝这么做so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免重复I think/believe so.start a fire=caus e a fire 引起一场大火Life is a bed of roses. 生活诚心如意。Lightning never strikes in the same place twice. 雷不在一处打两次。偶然的事不会再完全相同的情况下或对同样人再次发生。Lesson 54 sticky fingers 粘糊的手指【New words and expressions】 生词和短语sticky adj 粘的as sticky as glue和胶水一样粘finger n 手指thumb大拇指index finger食指 n vi vt)middle finger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指toe 脚趾pie n 馅饼mix v 混合, 拌和mixture n混合物pastry n 面糊annoying adj 恼人的It is annoyingannoyed感到烦恼的比anger的语气弱 recelver n 电话的话筒dismay v 失望, 泄气dismay sb让某人感到失望dismaying令人失望dismayed感到失望recognize v 认出, 听出persuade v 说服, 劝说reason with sb劝说; 并不能说明是否劝说成功try to persuade 劝说; persuade表示劝说已经成功mess n 乱七八糟what a mess!you are a mess!你真邋遢the man/woman is a messmake a mess of sth把.搅得乱七八糟he made a mess of my job他把我的工作搅得一团糟doorknob n 门把手sign v 签字sign your name(s) here在这签名 (许多人加 “s” )signature签名I need your signature我需要你的签名autograph明星, 名人的签名 (n 亲笔签名 v 签署)registered letter挂号信sign for签收register v 挂号邮寄【Text】【课文讲解】after breakfast在吃过早饭后I send the children to school送孩子上学at school在上学at work 在上班at home在家休息be busy doing忙于做某事flour面粉, 不可数名词, 注意发音于 “flower 相同, 但 “flower” 是可数名词, 一般会用复数 “flowers” be covered with盖满at exactly that monent就在那时no one could be/have been没有人.no one could be /have been fatter没有人更胖了nothing could have been cheaper没有什么东西更便宜了no face could be uglier没有一张脸更丑了 (ugly 5Qli)no books could be more interesting没有书更有趣了nothing could have been more exciting没有什么事情更令人激动pick up the receiver捡起话筒persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事it takes sb some time to do sth花费某人多久做某事, “it” 作形式主语ring back : 1、回电话, 2、再打电话hang up挂起hang up the receiver挂断电话no sooner.than. / hardly.when.enough n adj adv 足够的 1、n. I have/had had enough.我已经拥有足够了2、adj enough+n, n+enough 修饰名词I have enough time/time enough.enough修饰名词放在被修饰词的前面或后面3、adv 不修饰动词只修饰adj或者advenough修饰adj或者adv时一定要放在被修饰词的后面; enough to do sth足以用来做某事he is rich enough to buy the whole city他富有的可以买下整个城市I am hungry enough to eat sth在dead, young, old前面可以直接加thethe+adj表示.一类人the rich富人 the young 年轻人 the blind瞎子 the deaf 聋子the English英国人 Englishman, Englishwoman重点 : 词 (annoyin;dismay;persuade;mess;sign) 句型 (1 Nothing could have been more annoying. 2 loud enough to wake the dead.)【letter writing】书信写作pleased to do非常高兴的在信的第一段里, 你应该提及你已经收到的一封信或促使你回信的某一事件如 : I was very pleased to learn that you are well.I was very pleased to learn that you have a baby.恭喜你做爸爸了Thank you for +n【Key structures】 关键句型the + adj : 表示一类人the most : 最most : 非常most of the : 大部分的most of the young people : 大部分年轻人【Multiple choice questions】 多项选择题5 Nothing could have been more annoying. It was _annoying thing that could have happened.a.the more b.more c.most d. the most5、nothing + be more annoying表达最高级含义answer: D7 She had hardly got back to the kitchen _the doorbell rang.a.when b.than c.as d. as soon ashardly.when.no sooner.than.8 She was busy mixing butter and flour. She was _.a.joining them b.uniting them c. unifying them d. putting them togetherUnited States (政治上的联合)Unify 与 unite 的用法基本相同, 指的是政治上的联合join的两种用法1、join the army/join the party2、