book2unit3词汇.docx

Module2 Unit3 ComputersWarming up and readingcommon sense 常识 common interests 公共利益have.in common 有.相同处have something/ a lot/ much in common 有一些/有很多共同之处have little/ nothing in common 几乎无/无共同之处 in common 共有，共用（在句中多用作状语） in common with 和一样1. commonThey have nothing in common with one another.The two brothers own the company in common.In common with many educated people he prefers classic music to jazz. 2. a calculating machine= machine for calculating 计算器calculating是定语, 相当于形容词，修饰machine， 表示machine的用途。 类似的例子还有: (1)洗衣机a washing machine (2)游泳池 a swimming pool(3)写字台 a writing desk (4)饮用水 drinking watercalculate vt.& vi. 计算； 估计； 打算We calculate that the average size farm in Lancaster County is 65 acres. l pressure onjavascript:;我们计算出兰开斯特郡的农场面积平均为65英亩。A computer calculates by switching currents on or off. javascript:;计算机通过电路的开合来进行运算。I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately. javascript:;我觉得我能准确预料此事的政治后果。The President is calculating that this will somehow relieve the international pressure on him. javascript:;总统预计这可以从某一方面缓解自己所承受的国际社会压力。He must calculate the probability of failure. javascript:;他必须计算一下失败的概率. Ill calculate what it will cost. javascript:;我要估计一下那要花多少钱. calculate on: depend on 指望We are calculating on having fine weather for the sports meeting. 我们指望着运动会有好天气。calculating (adj.) 斤斤计较个人得失的；自私的。 calculation (n.) 计算3. universal adj. adj.普遍的，一般的；通用的，万能的；全世界的；宇宙的The universal truth excludes all doubt.普遍真理不容任何怀疑。Founder universal collection of knowledge collection of newspapers and periodicals.创办收藏报刊普及收藏知识.Its a universal sign, right？这是个国际通用的标志，不是吗？4. Over time I have been changed quite a lot.I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 归纳：现在完成时常与下列时间状语连用over time (经过一段时间) since +过去时间(自以来)for +时间段5. simplify vt. 简化；使简明 That will simplify my work.The dictionary tries to simplify the meanings of words.拓展：simplification n.简化 simple adj. 简单的，朴实的 simple-minded adj.头脑简单的心不在焉的 absent-minded 虚心的，没有偏见的 open-minded心胸狭窄的 narrow-minded 意志坚强的 strong-minded6. sum n.总数；算术；金额；概略，要点vt.& vi.总计；总结，概括；归纳a large (small ) sum / large (small) sums of money 巨额 / 小额的钱She is good at sums. 她擅长计算。do a sum in ones heart 心算Large sums of money were lost. 损失了大笔钱财。The sum of evidence points to the crime resting on them. 所有证据都表明该犯罪乃他们所为。In sum, the two countries are now true economic partners. 总而言之，两国目前是真正的经济合作伙伴。I cannot sum up his opinion in one sentence. 我无法用一句话来概括他的观点。7. artificial adj. 人工的, 人造的artificial flowers/limbs/pearls 假花/假肢/假珍珠artificial intelligence 人工智能8. intelligence intelligence quotient 智商 intelligence test 智力测验a person of high/ low intelligence 智商高/低的人intelligent adj. 有才智的；聪明的；悟性强的an intelligent reader 理解力强的读者He asked an intelligent question. 他问了一个机智的问题。He is an intelligent person. 他是一个有才智的人。9. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and .我真正的父亲是艾伦.图林，他在1936年曾写过一本书，,书中描述了使计算机工作的方法,并且.感官动词(see/ watch/ hear等)与使役动词(make/ let /have)后接do，而在被动语态中必须有to。They saw the man enter the house.The man was seen to enter the house.10. At that time it was considered a technological revolution. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. at that time “在那时”/from then on “从那时起” 与一般过去时连用11.solve vt 解决；解答 n solutionsolve an equation/puzzle/riddle 解方程/难题/迷He finally solved the difficulty of company.他终于解决了公司的困难。12. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if by+过去时间 “到时间”/by the end of +过去时间 “到未”用于过去完成时。13As time went by,=With time going by as conj. +句子 ： 随着go by (时间)过去，逝去 从经过 遵循，以来判断（1）Youve missed the bus; it just went by.(走过，经过)（2）Things will get better as time goes by.(时间等流逝)（3）Dont let this opportunity go by.(机会等轻易地放过)（4）If past experience is anything to go by, they will be late.(遵循，依照)go 的相关短语：go against 反对，违背；对.不利 go up 上升，增长go after 追逐，追求 go with 与相配套go ahead 开始，进行，发生，先走 go in for 参加，对.有兴趣，爱好go through 仔细查看，检查，经历 go over 复习检查 Exercise: Would you please _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right?A. take off B. look after C. give up D. go over Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come? Sorry, I have no idea. A. lifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up14.as a result 结果He got up late. As a result, he was late for the class.As a result, I totally changed my shape.As a result of(=because of)因为As a result of the heavy rain, the match was put off.15. totally adv. 完全，全然I have totally forgotten about it. A totally blind man can see nothing.拓展：in total/ in all 总计，总达，共计 That will cost you $5 in total.16.so that: 如此.以致于.He was so excited that he could not speak.He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him.so + 形容词(副词) + that. such + 名词 + that.他如此聪明，以致于我们很喜欢他。He is so clever that we like him very much.He is such a clever boy that we like him very much.(如果后面的词被many, much, few, little 修饰的话，一定用so)so that : 1) 以致于，结果是- 2) 以便，为的是（in order that） 他起床晚了，以致于不能按时到校。He got up late, so that he didnt get to school on time.我们早点离开为的是赶上第一班车。We left early so that we could catch the first bus. 17. until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. 这里是过去分词充当后置定语，修饰a family，因此相当于一个定语从句:that was connected by a network. Thestudent dressedinwhite is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。18. application n. (1) 申请，请求His application for membership of the club was rejected.Im supposed to submit my application before the end of the week.(2) 用法，用途；应用，运用He pioneered the application of scientific techniques to police work.他率先尝试将科学技术运用到警察工作上。拓展： application to do sth. 干某事的申请 apply v. 申请，请求，涂抹，适用 applyto把.运用于/应用于 apply to 适用，有效 apply (to sb) for sth （向某人）申请某物 apply oneself to 致力于The school rules apply to us all. 校规适用于我们所有人。I come here today to apply for the job.我今天到这儿来就是要申请这份工作。After a short holiday, he _applied himself once more to his studies.在短时间的休假后，他再次投入了研究工作。19.explore vivt 探索；探测；探究 explorer n 探险者；考察者 exploration n 探索；勘探She explored the sand with her toes. 她用脚趾探查沙的情况。The city is best explored on foot. 最好徒步考察这个城市。20. anyhow 无论如何，总之，反正Anyhow its worth trying. 不管怎样，这事值得一试。（句首）It may rain, but well go anyhow. 也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。（句末）21. goal n. 目标，目的；球门；终点；得分What exactly is your goal? 具体的目标是什么?They have achieved their goal.他们已经达到了目的。That was his best goal. 那是他最好的一次得分。22. human race 人种，人类The human race is using up earths resources. 人类正在耗尽地球的资源。The human race struggles with his environment. 人类与环境作斗争。A proud member of human race known as the dregs. 叫作残渣的人种的一名骄傲的成员。Using language 1.signal vi vt 发信号 n 信号The teacher signaled to the boy to begin. 老师向那个男孩做手势，叫他开始。We signaled the taxi driver to pull over. 我们招呼出租车司机把车开过来。Personally, I think the team who won first place cheated. 我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。2. personally adv. 就自己而言; 就我个人来说She didnt like the plan, but personally I see nothing wrong with it.她不喜欢这项计划, 但我本人觉得没什么不好。person (n)-personal (adj.)personally (adv)3. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说In a way, I like this new textbook very much 从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。 in the way 妨碍的；当道的 on the/ones way (to) 在(去)的路上by the way 顺便提一下 in no way 决不（放在句首需倒装）all the way自始自终;完全地 in this way用这种方法in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some waysIm afraid your bike is in the way 看来你的自行车挡着道了。4. arise vi 出现；发生arosearisenA new crisis has arisen. 新危机已经出现。A storm arose during the night. 夜间暴风雨大作。5. with the help ofWith the help of my teacher, I have caught up with others.With his help, I passed the exam.归纳 ： with the help of sb./sth.(with ones help) 意思是:在的帮助下With the help of my teacher, I got the second prize in the competition.6. deal with观察探究 How did you deal with the water pollution of this area? Such people are difficult to deal with. This book deals with West Africa.归纳： deal