40个“自相矛盾”的英语单词.doc

40个“自相矛盾”的英语单词，坚持住，看完不要精神分裂来源： 微信号 中国日报网双语新闻（chinadaily_mobile)英文学以致用，领略语言之美。有道词典，不只是查单词，还带你看天下。你大概也注意到了，有些英文单词有点精神分裂它们可以有互相矛盾的两个意思，让背单词的小伙伴也感到很分裂。不过如果联系上下文语境，它们想表达的意思似乎也不那么难理解了呢。双语君给大家整理出40个这样的英语单词，大家体会体会。1 sanction skn“制裁”vs“批准”Economic sanctions will only be lifted when the aggressor nation withdraws its troops.只有侵略国撤回其军队，经济制裁才会解除。They tried to get official sanction for the scheme.他们想使计划获得正式批准。2 overlook“检查；监视”vs“忽视；忽略”I am overlooking her work.我正在监督她的工作。I think there is one key fact that you have overlooked.我认为你忽略了一个重要的事实。3 finished“完成的”vs“失败的”Are you finished with that drill?你的那个练习做完了吗？This financial crisis means that the governments economic policy is finished.这次金融危机意味着政府的经济政策失败了。4 dust“擦去的灰尘”vs“在上撒粉末”I was dusting the mantelpiece when I noticed a crack.我在擦壁炉台的时候发现了一道裂纹。Dust the top of the cake with icing sugar.在蛋糕上撒些糖霜。5 left“留下”vs“离开”He left the house by the back door.他从房子的后门离开了。His shoes left muddy marks on the floor.他的鞋在地板上留下了泥印。6 trim“添加，装饰”vs“修剪，剪枝”The children are trimming up a Christmas tree with ribbons, laces.孩子们正在往圣诞树上挂彩带和蕾丝。He trimmed dead branches off a tree.他从树上剪掉枯枝。7 cleave kli:v“劈开；分开”vs“粘住；紧贴”With one blow of the knights axe, he clove the rock in twain (= into two pieces).武士大斧一挥，将石头劈成了两半。The ancient ivy cleaved to the ruined castle walls.古老的常春藤紧紧攀附在破败的城堡墙上。注意：表“粘住；紧贴”时，cleave通常与to连用。8 scan“细看，审视”vs“粗略地看”She anxiously scanned the faces of the men leaving the train.她焦急地盯着一张张下火车的人的脸。I scanned through the booklet but couldnt find the address.我很快地翻阅了一遍小册子，但没有找到那个地址。9 fast“快速的”vs“固定的”Computers are getting faster all the time.计算机一直在提速。She made her end of the rope fast to a tree.她把绳子的一头牢牢地绑在树上。10 off“关掉”vs“响起”She turned off the TV.她关掉了电视。The alarm went off.闹铃响了起来。11 weather“经受住”vs“受侵蚀”The company weathered the recession.这家公司挺过了经济衰退。The rock was weathered.岩石风化了。12 screen“放映；播出”vs“遮掩；遮蔽”The programme was not screened on British television.这个节目没有在英国电视上播出过。She raised her hand to screen her eyes from the bright light.她抬手遮住耀眼的亮光。13 help“帮助”vs“抑制”How can I help you?我如何才能帮你呢？I couldnt help laughing.我忍不住大笑起来。14 clip“剪下来”vs“别上去”I clipped his picture from the newspaper.我把他的照片从报纸上剪了下来。He clipped his flashlight to his belt.他把手电筒别在腰间。15 fine“糟糕的；不合时宜的”vs“优秀的；极好的”He picked a fine time to leave us.在那个时候扔下我们走了，他可真是会挑时间。This building is the finest example of its type.这幢建筑是同类建筑中最杰出的代表。16 flog“鞭笞，棒打”vs“推销，出售”Soldiers used to be flogged for disobedience.过去士兵们常常因不守军令而遭鞭笞。He tried to flog his old car, but no one would buy it.他想快点儿卖掉他的旧车，但没人愿意买。17 ravel“使纠缠；使错综复杂”vs“弄清；解开”Marks interference merely ravelled things further.马克的掺和只是让情况进一步复杂化了。It took Daisy a long time to ravel out all the wool.黛西花了很长时间才把毛线解开。18 mean“吝啬的，小气的”vs“极好的，出色的”Hes too mean to buy her a ring.他太吝啬了，舍不得给她买一枚戒指。Shes a mean piano player.她是个出色的钢琴演奏家。19 toss out“丢弃”vs“提出”She tossed out my old chair.她把我的旧椅子扔了。I decided to toss out the idea.我决定提出这个想法。注意：第二个例句在特定情况下也可以指“抛弃”那个想法，要根据上下文而定。20 buckle bkl“坍塌，垮掉”vs“系牢”My knees buckled with fear.我因为害怕而膝盖瘫软。Buckle your seat belt.请系好安全带。21 compromise“和解，让步”vs“危害，损害”In the end I agreed to compromise.最终我同意让步。The virus will compromise our immune system.这种病毒会损害我们的免疫系统。22 bolt“逃跑”vs“锁住”The horse bolted at the sound of the shot.那匹马听到枪声后跑走了。Youd better bolt your doors.你最好锁上门。23 trip“旅行”vs“绊倒”The trip from York to Newcastle takes about an hour by train.乘火车从约克到纽卡斯尔大约要花1个小时。She had a nasty trip on the stairs.她在楼梯上重重地绊了一跤。24 apology“道歉，谢罪”vs“辩解，解释”Please accept my apology.请接受我的道歉。The consequence of those measures will be the best apology for my conduct.这些措施产生的后果将成为我所作所为的最佳辩解。25 consult“寻求咨询”vs“提供咨询”If you have any questions, consult an attorney.你有任何问题，都可以咨询律师。The retired executive consults for several large companies.这位退休高管为好几家大公司提供咨询。26 custom“惯常，习惯”vs“特殊的，定制的”He left the house at nine exactly, as is his custom.他照常9点准时离开了家。Justin Bieber looks suave in his custom suit.穿上了定制西装的贾斯汀比伯展现了儒雅风范。27 first-degree“最低级”vs“最高级”first-degree burn一度烧伤（处于烧伤级别的低级）first-degree murder一级谋杀（处于谋杀级别的高级）28 enjoin indin“嘱咐”vs“禁止”He enjoined caution.他嘱咐要谨慎行事。The government enjoined the publication of the book.当局禁止出版这本书。29 bound“去往，前往”vs“束缚，绑缚”She was on a plane bound for Moscow.她在前往莫斯科的飞机上。We found the girl bound.我们发现女孩被绑起来了。30 seed“播撒种子”vs“去掉种子”He is seeding the fields with wheat.他在地里种小麦。Wash, seed and cut the pepper into small pieces.将辣椒洗净，去籽，切成小片。31 dollop dlp“（固态的）一团，一块”vs“（液态的）一点，少许”a dollop of whipped cream一团生奶油a dollop of whiskey少量威士忌32 garnish :ni“增添配菜”vs“扣钱”Garnish the dish with parsley before serving.这道菜端上桌之前，可以在上面配些欧芹点缀一下。His employer garnished his wages in order to pay his debt.雇主扣除了他的一部分工资用于支付他所欠的债务。33 lease“（房东）出租”vs“（租客）租用”It was agreed they would lease him the flat.按照约定他们要把公寓租给他。He went to Toronto, where he leased an apartment.他去了多伦多，在那儿租下一间公寓。34 out of“在外”vs“在内”I hardly get out of the house because I work out of my home.我几乎不出屋，因为我在家里办公。注意：第一个out of表示“在之外”，第二个out of表示“在之内”。35 model“榜样的，优于别人的”vs“按原样复制的模型”She really is a model student.她真是个模范学生。There is a model of a wooden house.这儿有一个木屋模型。36 presently“现在”vs“不久之后”Of 200 boats, only 20 are presently operational.200条船中，目前只有20条可用。The room was hot and presently her eyes grew heavy and she began to feel sleepy.屋子里很热，不一会儿她就觉得眼皮发沉，昏昏欲睡。37 out“亮了”vs“灭了”Its a good thing the full moon was out when the lights went out.熄灯之后，满月出来了。很好。注意：第一个out表示“出来”，第二个out表示“灭掉”。38 resign“辞职”vs“重新签署”She resigned as director.她辞去了董事职务。Athletes who renew their contracts resign with their teams.想要续签的运动员都与各自的队重新签署了合约。注意：第二句里的resign也可以写作re-sign risain，发音不同于“辞职”的resign。39 fight with“与打架”vs“与并肩战斗”He fought wi