英语作文12类型归纳.doc

英语作文12类型归纳1. On/A Few Remarks on/A Probe on2. What(Is Your Opinion on)/What about（When/Where）3. Importance/Value4. My View on/My Opinion on5. The Most Important/ The Most Urgent6. A and B/A or B7. Advantage/Disadvantage of8. Influence/ Effect/Harm9. How to/How10. Why/Why Should We11. What Should We Do with12. IfTrilogy(三段论)点题、展题、结题 英语作文分类指导 1、记叙文指导记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式的文章。以写人为主的记叙文，应该注意肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写以及对细节的描写，考生应根据写作的要求，灵活掌握，突出重点。以写事为主的记叙文，应该注意交待六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果），应该注意描写先后顺序以及记事的相对完整，注意把握好事情的开始、发展、高潮及结局。以与景为主的记叙文，应该注意景物的主要特征，景物描写的层次，以及人与物的情感交融。记叙文写作要点如下：）明确写作目的和叙述的中心思想，段落叙述始终围绕着主题而展开，避免空间的叙述和与主题无关的内容。）一篇好叙述文需要直接或间接表达以下六个问题，即：when？该事发生的时间，where？该事发生的地点，who？人物角色是谁，what？发生的是什么事，why？该事发生的原因，以及how？事件的结果是如何造成的等等。）一篇记叙文，无论长短如何都应该是一个完全独立的事实，因此，在下笔时必须明确：该从何处开始叙述，该在何处结束叙述，以及应该提供何种事实才能使叙述完整。写作顺序可以采用“顺叙”、“倒叙”和“穿插叙述”的方法，但初学者最好采用“顺叙”的方法进行训练，以情节发生时间的先后为序。2、说明文写作指导说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。它是一种应用性很强的文体，说明的目的是让读者有所知，给读者提供知识，使之了解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。说明文的基本特点就是具有知识性、科学性、应用性、解说性和条理性。常见的说明文有：解说词、说明书、书文简介、内容提要、科普小品、生产工艺、操作规程和景物介绍等，常见说明方法有：定义、注释、举例、分类、比较、引用、比喻、描述、数字分析和综合等。说明文的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，有时用虚拟语气。对中学生而言，说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表、图示，文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。写说明文必须注意事实正确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练和用词准确3、书信写作指导、书信写作要求书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件(Private Letter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点：1） 收信人的姓名和地址；2） 寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系；3） 寄信人的地址（有时可以省略）；4） 写信的时间；5） 信的内容。1. 书信的格式1） 信头(Heading)；2） 称呼(Salutation)；3） 正文(Body of the letter)；4） 结束语(Complimentary close)；5） 签名(signature)。2. 书信的种类1） 邀请信邀请信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于两者之间者。正式邀请信一般属于公函类，私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请朋友、熟人参加某一聚会时，再词上不一定多加斟酌，用词太正规倒显得关系不密切。但是如果与被邀请人不太熟悉的话，最好用正式文体。如虽认识但并不十分了解，文体可介于两个者间。由此可见，私人邀请究竟用什么文体，关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏的程度。邀请信要明确写出活动（是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等）、活动的时间点组织这项活动的理由，有时还应告诉对方可能出席的人，另外一般希望对方给予答复。（1） 非正式邀请信，如；26 Coventry St. LondonSept. 15th, 1999.Dear Jack,I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.Looking forward to seeing you.Love Mary这封信是写给朋友的，所以用语比较随便，比较口语化。（2） 正式邀请信，如：Dear Ms. Gupta;Its our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary of the founding of our corporation. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our clients for both courtesy and support over the past three years. Please confirm if you plant to attend. Yours Sincerely, Lewis这是一封正式邀请信，十分正规，无论从句式，还是用语都十分讲究。(3) 介于正式和非正式之间的邀请信，如：No.4 Middle SchoolBeijing 100034April 29th,2000Dear Miss Katherine,I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Jinan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was Fast Reading. My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00-9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.YoursYu Hong这封信是写给一位外籍教师的，这位外籍教师曾经到过这所学校，虽然作者认识，但并不十分了解。2）感谢信 感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。 感谢信一般包括以下几点：对收信人的称谓；写信的目的；（Thank you for）致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等；结尾及谦称。如：Dear Ms. Gupta:How regretful I must leave you house. Thank you for the many good things you provided. The chess game, tennis match and Mr. Guptas delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment. If you came to Beijing for any reason, please come to my family. The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt Jean. I believe we will have a very happy time. Yours Sincerely, Lewis3)求职信求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较规。信的内容大体上分为三部分写信的目的， 自我介绍，要求。注意下面几点：写信的目的要直截了当地在信的开头提出。自我介绍部分主要介绍自己的学历、工作经历、解决问题的能力等等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求，巧用词语，有国地说服对方，此职非你莫属。最后提出进一步联系的途径，如：时间、地点。还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。求职信在写作特点上主要用第一人称以及动词的一般现在时。如：Ms Li Ling P.O.Box 231Beijing July 10,1999Dear sir(s),I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. Id like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied with my work. I am sure Ill satisfy you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college. I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.FaithfullyLi Ling3)回信写回信时应特别注意正确理解写信人的意图、所提问题、必须对写信人的问题给予明确的答复。如下例：No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,Jiangsu, China09专八作文题目：Are dialects just acceptable in public places?Instruction: Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service. Opponents sees the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China. Write in 400 words your opinion and support your argument and bring your essay to a natural conclusion. 09专八作文题目：Are dialects just acceptable in public places?Instruction: Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service. Opponents sees the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China. Write in 400 words your opinion and support your argument and bring your essay to a natural conclusion.雅虎首页 娱乐 体育 财经 自然 汽车 时尚 母婴 男人 旅游 星座 资讯 社会 知识堂 论坛 邮箱 帮助中心 全部服务 专八作文题目要求 在英语专业八级考试中，作文题目常这样要求:write an article about 400 words on the following topic： Should the University Students Go Abroad? 请问所给的这个题目就是要写的题目本身还是只是个话题，学生可以自拟题目？再者，在写作过程中是既写可以出国的好处也写出国的劣势，还是只谈一个方面，只写出国的优势？或者只写不支持出国的观点？Ive just chatted with xfws sister whos now studying biology at Chicago University, she will get her doctor degree several years later. Not until this time did I fell a little regret of my high school life and coming to this SWJIU.After talking with her, I found my confidence no longer existent, because the students abroad are either from Tsinghua University or Beijing University, and the university in America only like students from those university, the visa to go to the U.S.A is also very difficult to get.Although Ive read lots of books in this college, and Ive thought of many things like philosophy, culture, metaphysics, life, democracy and so on. Ive also learn many natural science including biology, physic, maths etc. But what they need is diploma, diploma from the b