中考英语总复习 第45讲 阅读理解（二）课件 外研版.ppt

英语 第45讲阅读理解 二 阅读理解 2014 嘉兴 howtoplayspudwhatyouneed asoftball fiveormoreplayers aclearspaceoutsideaim 目的 ofthegame tobethelastplayerinthegame youareoutassoonasyouspellthewordspud rulesofthegame pickaplayertostartwiththeball theplayerwiththeballiscalledit itstandsinthemiddleoftheplayingareawiththeball alltheotherplayerscirclearoundhim itthrowstheballstraightupintotheair andcallsanother sname theplayerwhosenameiscalledisnowitandhastogettheball everyoneelserunsaway itshouts spud loudlyassoonasitgetstheball everyoneelsehastostoprunningandstandstill thenittakesthreestepstowardsanotherplayer andthrowstheballattheplayer sfeet theplayermustnotmove evenifthere sachanceofbeinghitbytheball ifithitstheplayer oriftheplayermoves thentheplayergetsaletter sfirst andbecomesit ifitmisses thenitgetsaletterandstaysit thefirstletterforaplayerwhoishitiss thesecondletterisp andsoon anyplayerwhohasspelleds p u disout thewinneristhelastplayerinthegame 1 thepassagesaysagameofspudneedsatleast b a fourplayersb fiveplayersc sixplayersd sevenplayers2 whenitcallsyourname whatmustyoudofirst c a runaway b throwtheball c gettheball d takethreesteps 3 whichpicturebestmatchesrule5 d 4 thewinneristheplayerwho b a catchestheballfirstb doesnotspellspudc isthefirsttospellspudd throwstheballthefarthest 三 推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论 主要考查学生的理解力和推断力 这类推断通常包括 数据事实推断 常识推断以及作者的写作目的 态度和倾向等的推断 做此类题时 应根据短文中的相关语句 对与事实有关的细节加以分析 找出线索 悟出字里行间的意思 反复比较 从而作出合乎逻辑的判断 四 猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力 一般情况下 推断词义的题目中所出现的单词 大多数是学生未曾见过的生词 学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索 通过阅读上下文 断定该词的真正含义 然后将这个释义代入文中 检查是否贴切 仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义 例2 2014 包头 mostofmysweetmemoriesarefrommychildhood therearealwayssomanyinterestingthingsinthefarawayvillagewhereigrewup onethingthatleavesadeepimpressiononmeisshearingthesheep inmyvillage sheeparewashedandsheared 剪毛 sometimeinthemonthofjune thisshouldbedonequiteearlyinthemonth beforethehotdaysbegin it sbestforthesheeptohavethewooltakenoff ortheywillbetoohotinthesummertime whenthetimecomesforwashingthesheep theyaredriventoapondoralittleriver thentheyarethrownintothewater oneatatime themenwhoareinthewatercatchthem andwashthemtogetthedirtalloutofthewool whenthewoolisdry thesheeparetakentotheshearer andhecutsoffthewoolwithalargepairofshears inashorttime beforethecoldwintercomes newwoolgrowsoutonthesheep bythecomingofspring thereissomuchthatitmustbecutoffsoon 1 whenaresheepshearedusually b a infebruary b injune c inapril d inaugust 点拨 细节理解题 由第二段第一句 inmyvillage sheeparewashedandsheared 剪毛 sometimeinthemonthofjune 可知 剪羊毛通常在六月 故选b 2 accordingtothepassage whydopeoplecutoffthewoolofsheep c a theydothatforfunandpleasure b theydothatasasportandexercise c theydothattohelpsheepspendhotsummer d theydothattomakesheeplookmorebeautiful 点拨 推理判断题 通读第三段可知 剪羊毛是为了帮助羊度过火热的夏天 故选c 3 whatdoestheunderlinedword shears inparagraph6mean b a knives b scissors c baskets d rivers 点拨 词义猜测题 通读第六段可知 当羊毛干了的时候 人们开始用一把大剪子剪羊毛 因此 shears意为 剪子 相当于scissors 故选b 4 howoftendopeoplesheartheirsheep d a severaltimesayear b twiceayear c onceafewyears d onceayear 点拨 推理判断题 通读最后一段可知 人们一年剪一次羊毛 故选d mostpeoplehopetohaveabettermemorywhichhelpsthemsucceedinstudy workandlife canmemorybeimproved luckily hundredsofstudiesinthepast50yearshavealreadygivenusadefiniteanswer ahealthylifestylekeepsyourbrainyoungandmemorysharp firstofall itisnecessarytohaveahealthydiet eatingmorefoodrichinbvitaminsandvitamine suchasvegetablesandleanmeat helpsyouhaveabettermemory doingexercisecankeepyourbrainalive too properexerciseprovidesmuchneededoxygenforthebrain running ridingabike swimmingandevenwalkingtwoorthreetimesaweekarehelpful moreover gettingenoughsleepisimportant onlywhenyourbraingetsagoodrest canitworkwell thehealthieryourlifestyleis thebetteryourmemorywillbecome butdonotexpectasuddenchange ittakesalongtimetomakeadifference memoryskillshelpyourememberthingsbetter thefollowingthreearethemostwidelyused chunkingisawayofrememberingapieceofinformationbycuttingitintosmallerones forexample tomemorizeaten digittelephonenumber2127983630 youcandividethedigitsintothreegroups first212 then798 andlastly3630 thismethodisfarmoreeffectivethanrememberingastringof10digits organizationmeansorganizinginformationintogroupsofthethesamekind forexample trees grassandflowersareplants tigers pandas horsesandcowsareanimals imageryisrememberingnewlylearntinformationbyusingyourimaginationandconnectingitwithsomethingthatyouarefamiliarwith 3 however memoryskillswillhardlyworkifyoudon tunderstandtheinformation what smore onlyaregularreviewcanmakethememorylastlong thatiswhystudentsarealwaysadvisedtogooverwhattheyhavelearntafteronedayandthenafterthreedays andthenuseitasregularlyaspossible humanbrainsarelikemusclesthatneednutrientsandexercisetobecomestronger ifyoumakeafewlifestylechangesandtrysomememoryskills youcancertainlyimprovedyourmemory 5 howmanywaysofkeepingahealthylifestylearementionedinthepassage b a two b three c four d five 6 whichofthefollowingexamplesistheuseoftheskill organization a a rememberingtheword sad byputtingitintothegroupof feeling b rememberingthemeaningoftheword red byconnectingitwithfire c rememberingalonganddifficultpassagebyunderstandingitsmeaning d rememberingthepostnumber0708591bydividingitinto070and8591 7 accordingtothepassage whyshouldwereviewwhatwe velearnt d a touseitbettereveryday b tounderstanditinabetterway c toimprovememoryskills d torememberitforalongertime8 thepassageiswrittentotellus c a noteveryonehasagoodmemoryb memoryskillsarenotdifficulttolearnc memorycanbeimprovedinsomewaysd itisimportanttohaveahealthylifestyle 一 2014 陕西 akuapemisintheeasternpartofghana thesunthereshinesallthetime thelocalpeopleareveryfriendlyandhospitable 好客的 nowlet shavealookathowakuapempeoplereceiveavisitor avisitorisoftenwelcomedwarmlyinafamilyofakuapem afterthevisitoriswelcomedintothehouse heisofferedaseatandwaterattheverybeginning becausethehostassumesthatthevisitormusthavecomefromaverylongjourneyandneedwater ifthereisagroupofvisitors thehostwillgreetthevisitorsfromrighttoleft andthehostshakesonlywithhisrighthand becauseakuapempeoplethinkthelefthandisnotclean next thevisitorisaskedhowhisjourneywasandwhyhehascome whiletheconversationisgoingon thewifeandthechildren especiallygirls arepreparingfoodforthevisitor thevisitorcanchoosehisfavoritefood afterthevisitorfinisheseating thehostandthevisitorgoonwiththeirconversation usuallythisisashortonebecausethevisitorisgettingreadytosaygoodbye whenthevisitorisleaving heisoftengivensomefood heisalsoaccompanied 陪伴 byoneofthechildrentotheneareststation thechildwhoaccompaniesthevisitorwillnotcomebackhomeuntilthevisitorleavessafely whetherheisaclosefriendorjustastranger thisisalwayshowfriendlyakuapempeoplereceiveavisitor 1 theunderlinedword assumes hereprobablymeans a a thinksb remembersc disagreesd follows2 whichofthefollowingistruetothepassage d a thehosttalkslittlewiththevisitor b thechildaccompaniesthevisitortothegateofthehouse c thehostoffersthevisitoraseatonly d thevisitortakessomefoodwithhimwhenheleaves 3 fromthepassageweknowthatakuapempeopleare b a noisyb friendlyc impolited quiet 二 2014 苏州 chrisrockwasborninthestateofsouthcarolinaintheunitedstates whenhewasachild hisfamilymoved andhegrewupinapoorareainbrooklyn newyork asateenager rocklefthighschoolandstartedtellingjokesincomedyclubsinnewyorkcity evenatage18 chrisrockwasveryfunny hetoldjokesabouthisfamily hisparentswereverystrict andaboutgrowingupinbrooklyninthe1980s manyofhisjokeswerealsoabouthighschool whichrocksayswasterrible famouscomedians 喜剧演员 wenttoseerock sperformances onecomedian eddiemurphy helpedhimgetworkontelevisionandinthemovies chrisrockstillactsinmovies buthedoesnotwanttobeaseriousactor forhim comedyismoreimportant itmakespeoplelaugh butitcanalsomakepeoplethink today chrisrockstilldoeslivecomedyshowsaroundtheworld healsocreatedatvshowcalled everybodyhateschris itisabouthisteenageyearsgrowingupandgoingtoschoolinbrooklyn in2006 itwasconsideredasoneofthebestcomedyshowsonamericantelevision 4 whatisthispassagemainlyabout c a howtotellagoodjoke b wherethebestcomedyclubsare c onecomedian slife d thefunniestpeopleintheunitedstates 5 chrisrocktellsalotofjokesabout b a southcarolinab brooklync losangelesd texas 6 whichsentenceaboutchrisrockistrue d a asateenager hewasnotfunny b hestartedworkinginclubsafterhegraduatedfromcollege c helovedgoingtohighschool d afamouscomedianhelpedhimgetworkontvandinthemovies 7 today whatdoeschrisrocksayisthemostimportant b a beingaseriousactor b makingpeoplelaugh c helpingteenagers d havinghisownclub 三 2014 黄冈 wealwayscelebrateddad sbirthdayonthanksgivingday evenafterheenteredanursinghome whenweknewitmightbehislastbirthday thewholefamilydecidedtogettogetherforahugebirthdaycelebrationatthenursinghome dadwasagoodstorytellerandwewerealwayshislisteners duringaquietmoment iannounceditwasnowdad sturntolistentostoriesforachange iwantedeveryonetotelldadwhatwelovedabouthim theroombecamequiet thenoneafteranother peopletoldstoriesfromtheirhearts whiledadlistenedwithtearsineyes everyoneseemedtohavemorethanonestory eventhelittlegrandchildrencouldn twaittotelldadwhytheylovedhim foramanwhohadbeenkindtosomanyhundredsofpeopleinhislife herewasourchancetotellhimhowmuchwelovehim afewmonthslater atdad smemorialservice wemorefullyrealizedwhatwehadgiventodadthatnight thosearethestoriespeoplenormallytellatafuneral 葬礼 afteralovedoneisnolongeralivetohearthewords theytellstories fulloftears butwehadgiventhosememoriestodadinhislife andwehadtoldthemthroughlaughter togetherwithhugsandjoy hehadthemtoholdandenjoyedthemfromtimetotimeinhismindduringhislastdaysandmonths wordsdomatter andtheyareenough wejustneedtosaythemortospeakthempubliclytheoneswelove that sthewaystogivebackloveandthat sourchancetocelebrateapersoninhisorherlife 8 thewriter sfamilydecidedtohaveahugebirthdaycelebrationbecause b a dadwastoleavethehospitalb itmightbedad slastbirthdayc theywouldcelebratethanksgivingdayd dadwasatthenursinghome 9 accordingtothepassage weknow a a allthefamilylovedthefather includingthelittlegrandchildrenb thewriter sfatherwasstillenjoyinggoodhealthc thepartywasheldatthewriter shomed thedoctortoldthewriterhisfatherwasgoingtodieatonce10 fromthepassage weknowthewriter sfatherwas b tohearthestories a surprisedb movedc sadd frustrated 11 thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe c a anamazingstoryb akindfatherc sayourlovepubliclyd abigparty 四 2014 内江 childrenlaughoftenandeasily butaswegrowup welaughlessandfeelmorestressed trylaughingfornoreasonatall that showthousandsofpeoplestarttheirdayatlaughterclubsaroundtheworld andmanydoctorsnowthinkthathavingagoodlaughmaybeoneofthebestwaystostayhealthy thefirstlaughterclubwasstartedinmumbai india 1995bydr madamkataria youngchildrenlaughabout300timesaday adultslaughbetween7and15timesaday saysdr kataria everyone snaturallygoodatlaughing wewantpeopletofeelhappywiththeirlives therearenowmorethan500laughterclubsinindiaandover1 300worldwide place 264northmainstreet eastlongme