湖南省娄底市双峰县2017_2018学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题.doc

双峰一中2018年上学期高二入学考试英语试题总分：150分 时间：120分钟注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman dislike doing?A. Dancing. B. Watching TV. C. Listening to music.2. What does the woman want the man to buy?A. Cheese. B. Sandwiches. C. Bread.3. What does the man like about the song?A. The singer. B. The words. C. The style.4. When does the woman want to leave for Florida?A. On the 26th. B. on the 28th. C. on the 30th.5. Which petrol station will the woman probably go to?A. The one next to the bridge. B. The one around the corner.C. The one opposite the cinema.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下而5段对活或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats the relationship between the speakers?A. Good friends. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister.7. What will the woman do next?A. Gas up the car. B. Get the key. C. Pick up Lucy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What are the speakers talking about?A. How to advertise the concert. B. Who will play in the concert. C. Where to give the concert.9. What do the speakers agree to do in the end?A. Put up notices. B. Send out emails. C. Hand out printed invitations.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where does the man come from?A. India. B. Thailand. C. Britain.11. What does the man often to do?A. He visits friends. B. He goes swimming. C. He does the gardening.12. How does the man usually spend his holidays?A. By staying at home.B. By visiting relatives.C. By travelling around.听第9段材枓，回答第13至16题。13. What is Frank Brisenskis weakness?A. His voice. B. His appearance. C. His experience.14. What does the man say about Barbara Jones?A. She was very polite. B. She was well dressed. C. She was too shy.15. What kind of person are the speakers probably looking for?A. A hotel receptionist.B. A shop assistant. C. A private secretary.16. Who do the speakers finally decide to hire?A. Barbara Jones. B. David Wallace. C. Dona.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where will the Guitar Day be held?A. At the Music Centre. B. In the Plaza Theatre. C. In the Arts Centre.18. At what time can people see the first French film in the evening?A. 7:30 pm. B. 8:00 pm. C. 10:00 pm.19. Where will the cycling team go this year?A. The lake. B. The forest. C. The town.20. What can people do at Camford Castle?A. Climb its six towers.B. Try the old kitchens. C. Make medicine with plants.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Long ago a Native American chief named Shenandoah lived with his tribes(部落) in what is now the state of Virginia. Little is known about Shenandoah, but in some way, the soft sound of his name was given to a river. The Shenandoah River still flows in a deep valley between the Allegheny and Blue Ridge Mountains, just as it did when Chief Shenandoah lived. It is a slow moving river, soft and as beautiful as its name. Some word experts who believe the word “Shenandoah” means “spruce river” because the waters of the river run through great forests of spruce trees(云杉). And this explanation could be correct. However, there is an old Native American story which is far more beautiful than that of the experts. Centuries before Europeans came to the New World, there was a great lake of blue water hidden in the mountains of Virginia. For hundreds of years, Native American tribes lived near this lake, feeding on the fish from its clean waters. The Native Americans often climbed up the mountains and camped there during their long hunts for food. In the evenings they sat near their camp and looked down at the beautiful lake. On a clear, starry night you could see thousands of stars shining and dancing on the water below. The Native Americans loved this lake, and because they could see the stars in it, they called the lake, “Clear Daughter of the Stars.” In their language, the word for this was “Shenandoah.” One day the lake started to disappear. Its water ran out of the valley, through a break in the mountain side. The waters ran on and on until they joined another river known as the Potomac. At last, the lake was gone. In its place was only a river. It is the beautiful Shenandoah River today. However, the word Shenandoah becomes well known to people because someone wrote a song about it some years ago.“Shenandoah” is perhaps one of Americas most recognizable folk songs. Some say the song refers to the river. Others say it is about the daughter of Chief Shenandoah. Regardless of what the song is about, Shenandoah remains an American classic.“O1 Shenandoah, I love your daughter, Away you rolling river; O Shenandoah, I love your daughter, Away Im bound to go, Cross the wide Missouri ”21. According to the text, “ Shenandoah” may be the following EXCEPT_. A. “spruce river” B. the Potomac C. “Clear Daughter of the Stars” D. an American chiefs name 22. “ Shenandoah” is familiar to Americans mostly because of _. A. pure and refreshing water B. a great historical character C. an American classic song D. the mysterious disappearance of a lake23. The most suitable title of the passage is _. A. Shenandoah and Its Native American RootsB. An American Chiefs Romantic Tale C. The Mystery of a Missing LakeD. A Beautiful American SongBHerbal medicine (草药), which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases- such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies (治疗) are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight-loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements (营养品) would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients (成分) and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).A point worth mentioning here is herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives (添加剂) and that are not listed on the label (标签). Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses (剂量). Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.24. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. The origin of herbal medicine.B. The history of herbal medicine.C. The definition and function of herbal medicine.D. The naturally harmless characteristics of herbal medicine.25. How does the author explain the advantages of herbal medicine?A. By using examples. B. By making a comparison.C. By analyzing research statistics. D. By performing lots of experiments.26. What is the authors attitude towards herbal medicine?A. Indifferent. B. Disapproving C. Unclear.D. Supportive.27. Which of the following will the author agree with?A. Choose safe herbal medicine freely.B. Take herbal medicine under the guidance of doctors.C. Use herbs together because the combination is more effective.D. Purchase herbal medicine from reliable manufacturers to ensure quality.CHow do companies use images in advertisements to appeal to consumers? The purpose of advertisements is to simply sell products to potential buyers. But with so much competition among companies to push their items, how do they beat the other competitors?They use different methods of advertising, such as billboards, commercials, and print ads that appear in magazines or newspapers. These images all convey messages to the consumers without even the use of words. People can understand what an ad is saying by just looking at it.Reading through a magazine, one is likely to see numerous advertisements trying to sell a lot of products, ranging from shoes to perfumes to computers. As they try to market their goods, businesses use different types of advertising techniques. They play around with colors and images that are visually stimulating (刺激的) in an attempt to promote their goods. Bright colors stand out really well, drawing the viewers attention and capturing their interest.In addition, images used by clothing companies generally contain physically attractive models to sell their clothes because the businesses are proposing that the consumers can look just as good as the models if they buy the same clothes. The other day, I saw an ad in a magazine showing a very thin, charming model wearing a US$200 swimsuit. The ad was basically screaming, “Buy this and you will look like me！” Companies can push expensive items to their consumers by showing visually desirable people in their ads, stimulating the interest of buyers. These are the kinds of images displayed everywhere we look and through all aspects of marketing.We know about the different methods used in advertisements to get us to buy certain products, but whether or not we give in to them is the big question.28. How does the author introduce the topic?A. By explaining the background. B. By asking some questions.C. By giving a conclusion. D. By listing some examples.29. What is NOT the effect of bright colors?A. Standing out really well. B. Drawing the viewers attention.C. Capturing the viewers interest. D. Highlighting the products quality. 30. Why do clothing companies use attractive models to sell their clothes?A. Consumers might think they can look as good as the models if they buy the same clothes.B. The clothes look more expensive when they are worn by models.C. The clothes on the models can be sold for more money.D. This kind of advertising is cheaper than other means. 31. What is the text mainly about?A. It is hard for consumers not to be influenced by ads.B. It is easy to run a good advertising business.C. How companies make their ads attractive to consumers.D. How much companies pay for their ads.DIt is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus.The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. Cai Dongsheng, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found that hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body.“So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.”Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) or energize the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (认知) ability of the mice.The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.These findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of health issues concerning aging problems. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about.32. What did Juan Ponce de Leon find?A. The American state of Florida. B. Magical powers.C. A Fountain of youth. D. A way to stop the aging process.33. What do we know about the hypothalamus?A. It is located in the eyes.B. It starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells.C. It plays a key role in controlling the aging process.D. It functions well when the body starts aging.34. What did the researchers do during the experiment?A. They strengthened the muscles of the mice.B. They examined tissues and tested the behaviour of mice.C. They injected the stem cells into the younger mice.D. They changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice.35. What would the researchers probably do next?A. Inject stem cells of mice into humans. B. Research on the cognitive psychology.C. Help the mice live longer. D. See if anti-aging effects also work in human beings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Memory loss can occur to anyone. If you are unable to take good care of your memory, then chances are that you will suffer from memory loss at a very young age. 36 Stress is a state of mental or emotional fatigue(疲劳). 37 This is the reason why we fail to remember or learn new things when we are mentally stressed. To prevent stress-related loss of memory and learning ability, one has to find the factors that increase stress and anxiety and deal with them.If you exercise on a regular basis, your body will become stronger over time. 38 .As your brain does more exercise, it gets healthier and works better. This is why students are encouraged to do mind exercises or play mind-related games regularly. 39 It allows good blood circulation(循环) in the body and enable the mind to process present as well as past information quickly. However, many people neglect the importance of doing so. Also, always include healthy foods in your daily diet that can improve your memory, such as blueberries, spinach and broccoli.These are just some of the causes of memory loss. At present, experts are unable to tell exactly what the main reason leading to memory loss is. This is because there could be many reasons leading to it, such as environmental factors. The brain is a complex organ. 40 .What matters is that you are able to follow the right set of guidelines to prevent yourself from suffering from memory loss. A. It affects the memory and learning ability of an individual B. Having a healthy and balanced diet is very important C. Trying giving yourself a break will be a good way D. It makes it almost impossible to find the true cause of memory loss E. This rule applies to the brain as well F. It is very helpful to have a regular place to put things in G. The following are the top three reasons for memory loss and how you can avoid them第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin was swimming. Despite her fear，she felt strong wearing her new leg.In her second grade，Maja _41_ her cousin，Jasmina. After Jasminas death，Maja swore she would honor the little girl by _42_ with a dolphin，an animal that both girls _43_. “Jasmina never got the chance to do it，” says Maja，now 32, “so I _44_ that someday Id do it for her.”In high school，Maja was _45_ about sports，she even planned to become an athlete. _46_，in 1993，during the civil war in her home country，a bomb _47_ her left leg.After two years_48_ in the US.，Maja received her first artificial leg，but _49_ it didnt fit well，walking for Maja was very painful. _50_，she managed to graduate from a local high school. Then after receiving a _51_ from Saint Francis University，she got a job at an insurance firm and _52_ started her own company.To _53_，Maja would often watch the dolphins play at an aquarium