stm32笔记.docx

ARM笔记目录名词解释2基于MDK的STM32处理器开发应用李宁 笔记3程序示例3主函数3RCC：系统时钟、PLL、GPIO时钟设置6NVIC：中断向量位置（flash、ram）、中断的配置8GPIO11SysTick函数和Delay函数13EXTI：外部中断/事件控制器16中断服务函数17USART18碰到的问题20知识点22关于stm3222关于启动文件 .s24关于库函数STM32F10xR.LIB25THE END26名词解释NVIC：异常处理基于MDK的STM32处理器开发应用李宁 笔记程序示例主函数/* File Name : main.c* Author : Wuhan R&D Center, Embest* Date First Issued : 08/08/2008* Description : Main program body*/* Includes -*/#include stm32f10x_lib.h/* Private typedef -*/* Private define -*/* Private macro -*/* Private variables -*/#define ADC1_DR_Address (u32)0x4001244C)unsigned short int ADC_ConvertedValue;GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStructure;DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;ErrorStatus HSEStartUpStatus;extern vu32 TimingDelay;/* Private function prototypes -*/void RCC_Configuration(void);void NVIC_Configuration(void);void GPIO_Configuration(void);void Delay(vu32 nTime);void SysTick_Configuration(void);void SetupLED (void) ;extern void SetupADC (void);/* Private functions -*/* Function Name : main* Description : Main program.* Input : None* Output : None* Return : None*/int main(void)#ifdef DEBUG debug();#endif /* Configure the system clocks */ RCC_Configuration(); SysTick_Configuration(); /* NVIC Configuration */ NVIC_Configuration(); /* Configure the GPIO ports */ GPIO_Configuration(); /* Connect EXTI Line9 to PB.9 */ GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource9); /* Configure EXTI Line9 to generate an interrupt on falling edge */ EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line9; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); for(;) GPIOC-ODR = 0xfffffc4f;Delay(800);GPIOC-ODR = 0xfffffc8f;Delay(800);GPIOC-ODR = 0xfffffd0f;Delay(800);GPIOC-ODR = 0xfffffe0f;Delay(800); RCC：系统时钟、PLL、GPIO时钟设置/* Function Name : RCC_Configuration* Description : Configures the different system clocks.* Input : None* Output : None* Return : None*/void RCC_Configuration(void) /* RCC system reset(for debug purpose) */ RCC_DeInit(); /* Enable HSE */ RCC_HSEConfig(RCC_HSE_ON); /* Wait till HSE is ready */ HSEStartUpStatus = RCC_WaitForHSEStartUp(); if(HSEStartUpStatus = SUCCESS) /* HCLK = SYSCLK */ RCC_HCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLK_Div1); /* PCLK2 = HCLK */ RCC_PCLK2Config(RCC_HCLK_Div1); /* PCLK1 = HCLK/2 */ RCC_PCLK1Config(RCC_HCLK_Div2); /* Flash 2 wait state */ FLASH_SetLatency(FLASH_Latency_2); /* Enable Prefetch Buffer */ FLASH_PrefetchBufferCmd(FLASH_PrefetchBuffer_Enable); /* PLLCLK = 8MHz * 9 = 72 MHz */ RCC_PLLConfig(RCC_PLLSource_HSE_Div1, RCC_PLLMul_9); /* Enable PLL */ RCC_PLLCmd(ENABLE); /* Wait till PLL is ready */ while(RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_PLLRDY) = RESET) /* Select PLL as system clock source */ RCC_SYSCLKConfig(RCC_SYSCLKSource_PLLCLK); /* Wait till PLL is used as system clock source */ while(RCC_GetSYSCLKSource() != 0x08) /* Enable GPIOB, GPIOC and AFIO clocks */ RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);NVIC：中断向量位置（flash、ram）、中断的配置/* Function Name : NVIC_Configuration* Description : Configures Vector Table base location.* Input : None* Output : None* Return : None*/void NVIC_Configuration(void) NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; #ifdef VECT_TAB_RAM /* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x20000000 */ NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_RAM, 0x0); #else /* VECT_TAB_FLASH */ /* Set the Vector Table base location at 0x08000000 */ NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0x0); #endif /* Configure one bit for preemption priority */ NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1); /* Enable the EXTI9_5 Interrupt */ NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI9_5_IRQChannel; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);STM32F10xxx中断IRQ命名按照CMSIS的规范，修改了STM32F10xxx中断号码定义命名。所有中断号码的#define在它们的名称中都添加了后缀_IRQn。表8展示了名称的变化表8 新的异常名称STM32F10xxx固件库V2.0.3 STM32F10xxx标准外设库V3.0.0 描述SystemHandler_NMI NonMaskableInt_IRQn NMI处理程序SystemHandler_HardFault - SystemHandler_MemoryManage MemoryManagement_IRQn 存储器管理处理程序SystemHandler_BusFault BusFault_IRQn 总线错误处理程序SystemHandler_UsageFault UsageFault_IRQn 使用错误处理程序SystemHandler_SVCall SVCall_IRQn SVC处理程序SystemHandler_DebugMonitor DebugMonitor_IRQn 调试监控器处理程序SystemHandler_PSV PendSV_IRQn Pend SV处理程序SystemHandler_Systick SysTick_IRQn SysTick处理程序WWDG_IRQChannel WWDG_IRQn WWDG IRQ处理程序 同样，在标准外设库V3.0.0中，外设CAN的名称改为CAN1。这样，如表9所示，在文件startup_stm32f10x_xx.s / startup_stm32f10x_xx.c和stm32f10x.h中，CAN中断IRQ通道名称也相应改变。表9 CAN1 IRQ通道名称更新固件库V2.0.3 标准外设库V3.0.0 USB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQChannel USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn USB_HP_CAN_RX0_ IRQChannel USB_HP_CAN1_RX0_ IRQn CAN_RX1_ IRQChannel CAN1_RX1_ IRQn CAN_SCE_ IRQChannel CAN1_SCE_ IRQn NVIC驱动从STM32F10xxx标准外设库中移除了NVIC驱动，因此应用程序应当调用CMSIS的NVIC函数。表10展示了CMSIS的函数。表10 STM32F10xxx固件库NVIC函数与CMSIS NVIC函数对比STM32F10xxx固件库NVIC函数CMSIS NVIC函数描述 NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig NVIC_SetPriorityGrouping 在NVIC中断控制器中设置组优先级NVIC_Init NVIC_EnableIRQ 在NVIC中断控制器中使能中断NVIC_DisableIRQ 失能指定的外部中断线路NVIC_SetPriority为某中断设置优先级NVIC_GetIRQChannelPendingBitStatusNVIC_GetPendingIRQ 读取指定的微控制器中断的待处理标志位NVIC_SetIRQChannelPendingBit NVIC_SetPendingIRQ 为某外部中断设置待处理标志位NVIC_ClearIRQChannelPendingBit NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ 为某外部中断清除待处理标志位NVIC_GetIRQChannelActiveBitStatus NVIC_GetActive 读取某中断的活动标志位- NVIC_GetPriority 读取某中断的优先级NVIC_GenerateSystemReset NVIC_SystemReset 初始化系统复位请求STM32F10xxx标准外设库不覆盖其他的STM32F10xxx固件库NVIC函数。为了简化NVIC和STM32中断设置，在文件”misc.h/.c”中保留了原有NVIC驱动的一些函数。它们是： void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup); void NVIC_Init(NVIC_InitTypeDef* NVIC_InitStruct); void NVIC_SetVectorTable(uint32_t NVIC_VectTab, uint32_t Offset); void NVIC_SystemLPConfig(uint8_t LowPowerMode, FunctionalState NewState); void SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(uint32_t SysTick_CLKSource); 在应用程序开发中进行中断设置时，用户可以选用CMSIS的NVIC函数，或者选用在文件”misc.h/.c”中原有固件库函数。这些函数的优点是提供了相对简单的中断配置方法，使得用户无需深入研究NVIC规范。下面是一段利用固件库V2.0.3原有函数进行NVIC中断设置的例程： /* 1 bits for pre-emption priority 3 bits for subpriority*/ NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1); /* Configure and enable DMA channel6 IRQ Channel */ NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel6_IRQChannel; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 6; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); 在标准外设库3.0.0中，用户只需要把DMA IRQ通道的名称从DMA1_Channel6_IRQchannel改为DMA1_Channel6_IRQn。GPIO/* Function Name : GPIO_Configuration* Description : Configures the different GPIO ports.* Input : None* Output : None* Return : None*/void GPIO_Configuration(void) GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; /* Configure PC. as Output push-pull */ GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6|GPIO_Pin_7|GPIO_Pin_8|GPIO_Pin_9; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); /* Configure PB9 as input floating (EXTI Line9) */ GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);void EXTI9_5_IRQHandler(void) int i; if(EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line9) != RESET) for(i=0;iODR = 0xfffffC3f; for(i=0;iODR = 0xffffffff; for(i=0;i=1000000;i+) /* Clear the EXTI line 9 pending bit */ EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line9); SysTick函数和Delay函数void SysTick_Configuration(void) /* Select AHB clock(HCLK) as SysTick clock source */ SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(SysTick_CLKSource_HCLK); /* Set SysTick Priority to 3 */ NVIC_SystemHandlerPriorityConfig(SystemHandler_SysTick, 3, 0); /* SysTick interrupt each 1ms with HCLK equal to 72MHz */ SysTick_SetReload(72000);/72MHz 1ms /* Enable the SysTick Interrupt */ SysTick_ITConfig(ENABLE);#include stm32f10x_it.hvu32 TimingDelay = 0;extern void Delay(vu32 nTime);/* Function Name : Delay* Description : Inserts a delay time.* Input : nTime: specifies the delay time length, in milliseconds. 即ms* Output : None* Return : None*/void Delay(u32 nTime) /* Enable the SysTick Counter */ SysTick_CounterCmd(SysTick_Counter_Enable); TimingDelay = nTime; while(TimingDelay != 0); /* Disable the SysTick Counter */ SysTick_CounterCmd(SysTick_Counter_Disable); /* Clear the SysTick Counter */ SysTick_CounterCmd(SysTick_Counter_Clear);void SysTickHandler(void) TimingDelay-;另外附一个简单的Delay：void Delay(vu32 nCount) for(; nCount != 0; nCount-);CMSIS只提供了一个SysTick设置的函数，替代了STM32原有SysTick驱动的全部函数。SysTick_Config(uint32_t ticks); 该函数设置了自动重载入计数器(LOAD)的值，SysTick IRQ的优先级，复位了计数器(VAL)的值，开始计数并打开SysTick IRQ中断。SysTick时钟默认使用系统时钟。下面的例程为使用固件库V2.0.3进行SysTick设置： /* Select the HCLK Clock as SysTick clock source (72MHz) */ SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(SysTick_CLKSource_HCLK); /* SysTick end of count event each 1ms with input clock equal to 72MHz (HCLK) */ SysTick_SetReload(72000); /* Enable SysTick interrupt */ SysTick_ITConfig(ENABLE); 下面的例程为使用标准外设库V3.0.0进行SysTick设置： /* Setup SysTick Timer for 1 msec interrupts */ if (SysTick_Config(SystemFrequency / 1000) /* SystemFrequency is defined in “system_stm32f10x.h” and equal to HCLK frequency */ /* Capture error */ while (1); EXTI：外部中断/事件控制器void EXTI_Configuration(void) /* Connect EXTI Line0 to PA.00 */ GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOA, GPIO_PinSource0); /* Configure EXTI Line0 to generate an interrupt on falling edge */ EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); /* Connect EXTI Line9 to PB.09 */ GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource9); /* Configure EXTI Line9 to generate an interrupt on falling edge */ EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line9; EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);中断服务函数void SysTickHandler(void) /* If the EXTI0 IRQ Handler was preempted by SysTick Handler */ if(NVIC_GetIRQChannelActiveBitStatus(EXTI0_IRQChannel) != RESET)/低电位 PreemptionOccured = TRUE; /just an example. 不需要清除中断。void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void) / Add your code here /* Clear EXTI Line0 pending bit */ EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);USARTvoid USART_Configuration(void) USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure; USART_ClockInitTypeDef USART_ClockInitStructure;/* USART1 configuration -*/ /* USART1 configured as follow: - BaudRate = 115200 baud - Word Length = 8 Bits - One Stop Bit - No parity - Hardware flow control disabled (RTS and CTS signals) - Receive and transmit enabled - USART Clock disabled - USART CPOL: Clock is active low - USART CPHA: Data is captured on the middle - USART LastBit: The clock pulse of the last data bit is not output to the SCLK pin */USART_ClockInitStructure.USART_Clock = USART_Clock_Disable;USART_ClockInitStructure.USART_CPOL = USART_CPOL_Low;USART_ClockInitStructure.USART_CPHA = USART_CPHA_2Edge;USART_ClockInitStructure.USART_LastBit = USART_LastBit_Disable;/* Configure the USART1 synchronous paramters */USART_ClockInit(USART1, &USART_ClockInitStructure);USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ;USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;/* Configure USART1 basic and asynchronous paramters */USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure); /* Enable USART1 */ USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);碰到的问题1、 停留在stm32f10x.s中，进不了主函数主函数前面加上这样一段即可，可能是因为将C库中的printf函数重新定向到USART中，重写了fputc(int ch,FILE *f)函数：/* Includes -*/#include stm32f10x_lib.h#include #pragma import(_use_no_semihosting) /* *? */ struct _FILE int handle; /* Whatever you require here. If the only file you are using is */ /* standard output using printf() for debugging, no file handling */ /* is required. */ ; /* FILE is typedef d in stdio.h. */ FILE _stdout; / / ?_sys_exit()? / / / _sys_exit(int x) x = x; 简单说就是添加下面一段：#include stm32f10x_lib.h#include #pragma import(_use_no_semihosting) /这句话去掉也行struct _FILE int handle; ; /* FILE is typedef d in stdio.h. */ FILE _stdout; _sys_exit(int x) x = x; 真正的原因是由于：/share/detail/54393578在keil （我用的是realview mdk3.11）建立ARM的工程时其中有一项是选 use MicroLIBmicrolib 是缺省 C 库的备选库。 它旨在与需要装入到极少量内存中的深层嵌入式应用程序配合使用。 这些应用程序不在操作系统中运行。测试：这样加上这个microlib之后就是好的了，呵呵。2、 四谛法知识点关于stm32AHB主要负责外部存储器时钟。PB2负责AD，I/O，高级TIM，串口1。APB1负责DA，USB，SPI，I2C，CAN，串口2345，普通TIM。/* PWR clock enable */ RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR, ENABLE);/使能PWR时钟 /* APB1Periph_ALL clock enable */ RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_ALL, ENABLE);/使能APB1Periph_ALL时钟 /* Enable APB2 peripheral clocks -APB2外设时钟使能-*/ /* Enable GPIOA,B,C,D,E clocks */ RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);/使能GPIOA时钟/ RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);/使能GPIOB时钟 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE);/使能GPIOC时钟 RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE);/使能GPIOD时钟/ RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE, ENABLE);/使能GPIOE时钟 /* AFIO clock enable */ RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Pe