人人文库网 > 图纸下载 > 毕业设计 > 船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机结构设计【优秀机械设备全套课程毕业设计含SW三维建模及9张CAD图纸】

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计说明书.doc

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机结构设计【优秀机械设备全套课程毕业设计含SW三维建模及9张CAD图纸】

资源目录

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机结构设计【优秀机械设备全套课程毕业设计含SW三维建模及9张CAD图纸】.rar

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计说明书.doc---(点击预览)

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计副本.doc---(点击预览)

焊接机翻译.doc---(点击预览)

焊接机外文.pdf---(点击预览)

文献综述.doc---(点击预览)

3DSW三维建模.rar

F27～157 底脚安装平行轴-斜齿轮减速电机 .step

主支架.DWG

参考文献资料说明书.rar

固定座.DWG

固定板.DWG

夹板.DWG

悬臂.DWG

支架1.DWG

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计.DWG

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计备份.zip

轴销.DWG

连杆1.DWG

压缩包内文档预览：(预览前20页/共27页)

编号：466103 类型：共享资源大小：7.31MB 格式：RAR 上传时间：2015-08-06 上传人：QQ14****9609 IP属地：陕西

150
积分

版权申诉 word格式文档无特别注明外均可编辑修改；预览文档经过压缩，下载后原文更清晰！ 立即下载

关键词：: 船舶焊接机垂直双面角焊机结构设计机械设备毕业设计三维建模船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机结构设计

资源描述：

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机结构设计【优秀机械设备全套课程毕业设计含SW三维建模及9张CAD图纸】

【带文献综述+外文翻译】【27页@正文13300字】【详情如下】【需要咨询购买全套设计请加QQ1459919609】.bat

3DSW三维建模

F27～157 底脚安装平行轴-斜齿轮减速电机 .step

主支架.DWG

参考文献资料说明书.rar

固定座.DWG

固定板.DWG

夹板.DWG

悬臂.DWG

支架1.DWG

文献综述.doc

焊接机外文.pdf

焊接机翻译.doc

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计.DWG

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计副本.doc

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计备份.zip

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计说明书.doc

轴销.DWG

连杆1.DWG

摘要

运输是油气运输中最主要、最快捷、经济、可靠的方式，可用于输送水、原油、天然气、成品油等，具有输量大、距离长、安全性高、成本低等优点，在各国发展迅速。运输业的主体是，工程的核心工作是管口的焊接。因此研究高效率、性能可靠的全位置自动焊接机具有十分重要的意义。

为解决建设野外作业的自动化焊接的难题，研制了一种导轨式焊接机，其关键技术包括：研制新型的行走机构、焊枪摆动机构、及机轨道、焊枪机械手。介绍了导轨式焊接机结构的设计和焊接机控制，着重对其结构特点、动作原理、设计要点进行设计分析和说明。现场应用表明，该机能沿导轨平稳、可靠的行走，进行全位置焊接，其操作简便，成本低，适合我国现场施工作业及工人的技术水平，既保证了焊接质量，又提高了劳动效率。

关键词：轨道式焊接机；结构设计；；机械手

Abstract

Pipeline transportation is the most important, quickest, economical and reliable method in petroleum transportation. It can transport water, crude oil, natural gas, oil product etc. It has a number of advantages: high transmission volumes, long distance, safety and cost-effectiveness, which is rapid developed in all the world. The subject of pipeline transportation is pipeline; the core of pipeline project is nozzle welding. So, it has very important significance to develop high efficient and reliable performance pipeline all-position automatic welding machine.

An orbit pipeline welding robot has been developed to solve the problem of automatic welding during pipeline construction in the fields. Its key techniques consist of developing a new type of travel unit, welding torch as cillating unit, robot orbit and intelligent control system etc. The development work of the orbit pipeline welding robot mechanic system is introduced in the paper. The main illustration is about the system's structure，action principle，key points of design and machining technies and verifying calculation for selecting reduction gearbox with the wire feeder motor and the diameter of the wire-feed wheel. The application in fieldwork shows that the robot can trave1 along the orbit stably and reliably and carry through all-position welding. The welding is easy with low cost that is fit for fieldwork and worker in our country，guarantees the welding quality and improve working efficiency.

Keywords: Orbital welding machine ；construction design ；pipeline； Manipulator

摘要1

Abstract2

1. 绪论5

1.1课题背景及研究意义5

1.2船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机的发展及应用5

1.2.1焊接机的发展历程5

1.2.2焊接机国内外应用现状6

1.2.3焊接机技术展望7

1.3船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机的研究现状8

1.3.1船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机国外研究现状8

1.3.2船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机国内研究现状9

2.船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机总体结构设计11

2.1自动焊接机总体要求和技术指标11

2.2 自动焊接机总体方案的确定11

2.3 自动焊机的设计基本思路12

2.4小车行走机构12

2.4. 1 基本工作原理12

2.4.2 行走机构车体设计要点13

2.4.3 行走机构滚动组件的设计要点13

2.5 焊丝送进机构14

2.6 焊枪摆动机构15

2.7 焊接轨道15

2.8行走机构的设计计算16

2.8.1 等效负载转矩计算17

2.8.2 等效转动惯量的计算18

3 焊接小车行走机构的机械传动19

3.1 电机的选择20

3.2 减速器的结构及传动比21

3.3 送丝机构的机械传动21

3.3.1 送丝电机的选择21

3..3.2 减速器23

3.4 焊枪姿态调整机构的机械传动23

3.4.1 电机的选择23

4. 结论25

参考文献25

致谢26

1. 绪论

1.1课题背景及研究意义

船舶焊接技术是我国现代造船模式中的关键技术之一，船舶工业把缩短造船周期作为永恒的主题“要缩短造船周期必然要提高生产效率，正如古人云‘工欲善其事，必先利其器’”，先进的造船高效焊接技术，在提高船舶的建造效率、降低船舶建造成本、提高船舶建造质量上的作用是不可小视的，也是企业提高经济效益的有效途径。

采用先进的船舶高效焊接技术还会涉及船舶制造中的工艺设计、计算机数控下料、小合拢、中合拢、大合拢、平面分段、曲面分段、平直立体分段、管线法兰焊接、型材部件装焊等工序和工位的焊接工程，同时也会牵动着与之相关的焊接产业链，如钢铁、金属加工、金属热切割、焊材、焊剂、保护气体、无损探伤、焊接接头性能与质量评估、焊接电源、焊接能源、电子控制系统、焊接专用自动化工装、焊接辅器具和环保、焊工技能培训、焊接质量管理与控制、焊接接头设计、焊接标准与规范等，由此可见船舶焊接技术在船舶制造中占有重要的地位，是一项技术性、专业性很强的系统工程。为此，在我国两大船舶集团公司的领导下于1986年组建了船舶工业高效焊接技术指导组，开展了规划、决策、指导、协调、咨询和信息交流等方面的有效活动，圆满地完成了“十五”提出的推广应用高效焊接技术的各项指标，提高了我国造船焊接技术的水平。目前，船舶建造中CO2气体保护半自动焊接技术已在船厂广泛应用，其应用率达到60%~65%。

1.2船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机的发展及应用

1.2.1焊接机的发展历程

自1959年美国推出世界上第一台Ultimate型机以来，工业机的数量在世界范围内不断增长，通常他们用在焊接、喷涂、变薄拉伸、装配、拾取搬运、检测和测量中，其中有半数为焊接机。在重工业的很多领域中，大直径环缝焊需要高劳动强度的手工焊，这对操作者来说需要有严格的技能要求和集中力。由于人们对焊接柔性和焊接产量的高需求和高要求，自动焊接机就为很多工业领域提高焊接速度尤其是提高焊接质量提供极大的可能。到目前为止，焊接机大致可分为三代：第一代是基于示教再现工作方式的焊接机，由于操作简便，不需要环境模型，示教时可修正机械结构带来的误差等特点，在焊接生产中得到大量使用；第二代是基于一定传感器信息的离线编程焊接机；第三代是指装有多种传感器，接受作业指令后能根据客观环境自行编程的高度适应智能机。焊接机主要从事弧焊和点焊工作。弧焊机大多采用二氧化碳或二氧化碳与氩、氮混合气体保护。焊接机的结构型式，主要有多关节型、直角坐标型、极坐标型和圆柱坐标型四种。点焊机以直角坐标型较多；弧焊机以多关节型居多。弧焊机工作机构一般较点焊的复杂，通常具有五个以上的自由度。目前功能较完善的焊接机已具有七个自由度。我国目前研制的焊接机，一般均为五个自由度。国外为了提高工件（特别是大型工件）的焊接生产率，十分重视辅助设备的自动化水平，如配备自动更换喷嘴，供应焊丝，监视电弧和过程异常等功能的机构。

参考文献

1机械设计手册编委会．机械设计手册．北京：机械工业出版社，2004．

2 成大先．机械设计手册（机械传动）．北京：化学工业出版社，2004．

3 焦向东等.球罐外圆焊接机智能控制系统.焊接学报，2000,21(4):1~4．

4 朱进满．焊接机的应用[J]．现代制造，2005，12：42~47．

5 W.-S Yoo，J.-D. Kim，S.-J. Na．A Study on A Mobile Platform-manipulator Welding System for Horizontal Fillet Joints[J]．Mechatronics，2001，11：853~868．

船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机设计.gif

固定板.gif

固定座.gif

夹板.gif

连杆1.gif

悬臂.gif

支架1.gif

轴销.gif

主支架.gif

内容简介：: （ 1）船舶焊接自动化研究现状船舶焊接技术是我国现代造船模式中的关键技术之一，船舶工业把缩短造船周期作为永恒的主题“要缩短造船周期必然要提高生产效率，正如古人云工欲善其事，必先利其器”，先进的造船高效焊接技术，在提高船舶的建造效率、降低船舶建造成本、提高船舶建造质量上的作用是不可小视的，也是企业提高经济效益的有效途径。采用先进的船舶高效焊接技术还会涉及船舶制造中的工艺设计、计算机数控下料、小合拢、中合拢、大合拢、平面分段、曲面分段、平直立体分段、管线法兰焊接、型材部件装焊等工序和工位的焊接工程，同时也会牵动着与之相关的焊接产业链，如钢铁、金属加工、金属热切割、焊材、焊剂、保护气体、无损探伤、焊接接头性能与质量评估、焊接电源、焊接能源、电子控制系统、焊接专用自动化工装、焊接辅器具和环保、焊工技能培训、焊接质量管理与控制、焊接接头设计、焊接标准与规范等，由此可见船舶焊接技术在船舶制造中占有重要的地位，是一项技术性、专业性很强的系统工程。为此，在我国两大船舶集团公司的领导下于 1986 年组建了船舶工业高效焊接技术指导组，开展了规划、决策、指导、协调、咨询和信息交流等方面的有效活动，圆满地完成了“十五”提出的推广应用高效焊接技术的各项指标，提高了我国造船焊接技术的水平。目前，船舶建造中 CO2 气体保护半自动焊接技术已在船厂广泛应用，其应用率达到 60%65%。（ 2）角焊缝焊接研究现状自 1959 年美国推出世界上第一台 Ultimate 型机以来，工业机的数量在世界范围内不断增长，通常他们用在焊接、喷涂、变薄拉伸、装配、拾取搬运、检测和测量中，其中有半数为焊接机。在重工业的很多领域中，大直径环缝焊需要高劳动强度的手工焊，这对操作者来说需要有严格的技能要求和集中力。由于人们对焊接柔性和焊接产量的高需求和高要求，自动焊接机就为很多工业领域提高焊接速度尤其是提高焊接质量提供极大的可能。到目前为止，焊接机nts大致可分为三代：第一代是基于示教再现工作方式的焊接机，由于操作简便，不需要环境模型，示教时可修正机械结构带来的误差等特点，在焊接生产中得到大量使用；第二代是基于一定传感器信息的离线编程焊接机；第三代是指装有多种传感器，接受作业指令后能根据客观环境自行编程的高度适应智能机。焊接机主要从事弧焊和点焊工作。弧焊机大多采用二氧化碳或二氧化碳与氩、氮混合气体保护。焊接机的结构型式，主要有多关节型、直角坐标型、极坐标型和圆柱坐标型四种。点焊机以直角坐标型较多；弧焊机以多关节型居多。弧焊机工作机构一般较点焊的复杂，通常具有五个以上的自由度。目前功能较完善的焊接机已具有七个自由度。我国目前研制的焊接机，一般均为五个自由度。国外为了提高工件（特别是大型工件）的焊接生产率，十分重视辅助设备的自动化水平，如配备自动更换喷嘴，供应焊丝，监视电弧和过程异常等功能的机构。早期的焊接机缺乏“柔性”，焊接路径和焊接参数须根据实际作业条件预先设置，工作时存在明显的缺点。随着计算机控制技术、人工智能技术以及网络控制技术的发展，焊接机也由单一的单机示教再现型向以智能化为核心的多传感、智能化的柔性加工单元（系统）方向发展。 1）一般角焊缝焊接研究现状为了适应工业生产系统向大型、复杂、动态和开放方向发展的需要，发达国家都在加大力度，对机技术进行深入研究。从技术发展趋势看，智能化控制技术将是焊接机技术发展的主要方向。目前焊接机正从第一代反复操作型机向第二代带有传感器的知觉判断机发展，也即由目前的固定式机逐渐向具有肌肉一样的调节器、具有感觉和识别机能的双足行走的活动式机发展。多传感器信息智能融和技术将广泛应用于焊接机上。早在 1981 年，美国的 HILARE 是第一个应用多传感器信息来创建世界模型的可移动机，它充分利用视觉、听觉、激光测距传感器所获得的信息，以确保其能稳定地工作在未知环境中。韩国的Park Joong-Jo 研制出来的智能传感器能同时处理 6 个自由度数据，与传统传感器只能测量一个自由度数据的功能相比，性能大为提高。韩国汉阳大学研制出了激光视觉传感器自由焊缝示教式自动焊接机。随着海洋石油和天然气工业nts的发展以及我国海洋工程向深海的挺进 ,发展水下干法焊接技术势在必行。挪威 Sintef 高压焊接中心研制了一套水下高压干法维修系统，可从事 1000m 水深的焊接，能焊补直径为 8 42 英寸的，采用全自动的轨道 TIG 焊机，目前已完成在 334m水深的焊接。英国的 OTTO系统主要由焊接舱和轨道 TIG焊机组成，整个系统采用光纤传导和计算机进行监控，在 135m 水深进行试验，取得了较为满意的焊接质量，焊缝断裂强度达到 550Mpa。焊缝跟踪系统焊接机发展迅速，越来越多地应用于去毛刺加工、胶合和焊接等。视觉控制技术、模糊控制技术、智能化控制技术、虚拟现实技术、神经网络控制技术、嵌入式控制技术等是未来焊接机发展所要解决的一些关键技术。 2）船舶角焊缝焊接研究现状焊接广泛应用于各个工程领域当中，比如：油气工业、核能与热能工厂和化工厂。船舶导轨垂直双面角焊机采用熔化极外圆焊接技术，最早出现于 20世纪 60 年代末期。 MIG 金属焊丝惰性气体保护焊是美国制造业四十多种焊接中的一种，它是一种连接两个相同材料尤其是碳钢材料经济的方法。美国 CRC公司率先研制成功了一种高效焊接系统，即 CRC 多头气保护自动焊系统，并于1972 年将该项技术应用于施工获得成功。起初只是焊接小车带动焊枪行走，焊接参数（焊接电流、电压、焊接速度等）均为手动控制。目前，生产外圆自动焊接设备的除了美国 CRC 公司外，还有德国 VIETZ 公司、美国 MAGNATECH公司、荷兰 VERAWELD 公司、英国 Noreast 公司、法国 SERIMER DASA 公司、意大利 PWT 公司等。 CRC 公司智能化的 P-500、 P-600 型以及 SERIMER DASA 公司的双枪焊接系统在世界范围内具有很高的技术水平。到目前为止， CRC 公司生产了 P300， P400， P500 和 P600 4 个型号的自动焊机。其中 P500 和 P600 是双焊炬自动外焊机 ,它采用了水冷式焊枪、外挂推丝式送丝机构和带有熔滴过渡单元 (CDT)的脉冲焊接电源，焊接参数可编程并储存在可方便更换的控制卡上，并根据焊接工艺以及焊接材质的变化要求，随时离线编程。 P500 和 P600 适用于窄间隙叠焊或宽间隙排焊 ,还可完成根焊。生产效率比单焊头自动外焊机提高 40% 50%。缺点是焊枪采用强迫水冷却，给实际应用带来许多不便。法国SERIMER DASA 公司生产的 Satur2nax Bug 双焊头外焊机，采用了风冷式焊枪、nts外挂推丝式送丝机构和专用的脉冲焊接电源，计算机焊接编程控制单元和焊车运动控制单元分置，可进行在线编程，可完成根焊、窄间隙叠焊或宽间隙排焊。总体性能与 CRC 的 P500 和 P600 类似。其缺点是双焊头的摆动不能单独控制，计算机焊接编程控制单元和焊车运动控制单元体积偏大。其中， CRC 公司生产的自动焊接机已焊接了长达 50000km 的。这些厂家的设备虽然外形各具特点，但在控制方面，不外乎是计算机控制焊接参数和人工调控焊接参数两种方法。 3）船舶导轨垂直双面直角焊机设计必要性运输是油气运输中最主要、最快捷、经济、可靠的方式，可用于输送水、原油、天然气、成品油等，具有输量大、距离长、安全性高、成本低等优点，在各国发展迅速。运输业的主体是，工程的核心工作是管口的焊接。因此研究高效率、性能可靠的全位置自动焊接机具有十分重要的意义。为解决建设野外作业的自动化焊接的难题，研制了一种导轨式焊接机，其关键技术包括：研制新型的行走机构、焊枪摆动机构、及机轨道、焊枪机械手。介绍了导轨式焊接机结构的设计和焊接机控制，着重对其结构特点、动作原理、设计要点进行设计分析和说明。现场应用表明，该机能沿导轨平稳、可靠的行走，进行全位置焊接，其操作简便，成本低，适合我国现场施工作业及工人的技术水平，既保证了焊接质量，又提高了劳动效率。机器换人 , 是推动传统制造业实现产业转型升级的一项重要举措。是以现代化、自动化的装备提升传统产业，推动技术红利替代人口红利，成为新的产业优化升级和经济持续增长的动力之源。对于技术进步、提升劳动力素质、提高企业生产效率、促进产业结构调整、推进工业转变发展方式等具有重要意义。随着劳动力价格的上涨，中国制造业的“人口红利”正在不断消失。国际经济形势复杂多变，世界经济深度调机器整，发达国家推进“再工业化”和“制造业回归”，全球制造业高端化竞争趋势日益明显。以现代化、自动化的装备提升传统产业，推动技术红利替代人口红利，成为中国制造产业优化升级和经济持续增长的必然之选。 2012 年底，在浙江、江苏的传统制造企业中逐渐兴起了“机器换人”，众多企业纷纷引进现代化、自动化的装备进行技术的改造升级。 2014 年，随着“东莞一号”文件及各项扶持政策的出台，“机器换人”在珠三角的制造业重镇 -东莞轰轰烈烈的开展，并在全国的掀起了一场“机器换人”的浪潮。企业实施“机器换人”可以有效的减少低素质劳动用工量，节约劳动力成本，提高全员劳动生产率，提升产品优良品质率，确保安全环保生产。谷唐企业管理咨询公司作为本土化精益管理落地解决方案服务商，在精益自动化和“机器nts换人”领域通过辅导大量的客户实践证明：“机器换人”的成功实施推动了生产管理、人力资源管理、信息化管理等管理方式转变和创新，组织更精益化、系统化，最终高效而有力的推动企业由“制造”向“智造”的转型升级。 nts-1-|-1-Chapter1introduction1.1weldtoconnectatechnicalapplicationIt is a kind of manufacturing technique to weld, it is the demand that adapts to anindustrial development, take modern industry as a foundation development to get up of, anddirectly Be served to machine manufacture industry.Weld a technical development is as closeand related as the demand of manufacture industry, generally industrial advanced countries,50% of steel yield is then or so to need to adopt to weld the craft can form a product, in thepetroleum chemical engineering, the mineral mountain metallurgy, metal structure, rise theheavy conveyance, land-and-water transportation, aerospace aviation and bridge building,electric power energy etc. machine equipments manufacturing section, weld to all have anextensive application.The large structure in many equipmentses almost welds structure.Now,along with science technical progress, the production scale extends day by day and weldstructure just toward super large, Gao capacity, Gao parameter, bear to whet, bear lowtemperature, direction development bear to carry, this not only need for weld production toprovide quality higher, the function is various better Han machine, weld material and weld acraft, and ask for providing various welder with excellent function and equip have, make toweld production to carry out mechanization and automation, reduce artificial factorinterference, attain assurance and stability to weld quality, improve a welder labor condition,raise rate of production, promote the purpose that the civilization produces.But, welding theproduction is a comprehensive sex production, in the process of welding to make in, inaddition to welder preface, there is still before or after the match of a lot of workprefaces, ifget the materials ready, transport, assemble, examine, correct etc. workpreface.Therefore, themechanizationthat welds production automated tonot onlyonlylimit atawelder preface,butalsoinclude toconnect upproperly withwelderpreface of themechanization of eachworkoftop and bottom preface, automate.Only each work preface carry out mechanization,automation, just can carry out the comprehensive mechanization of welding the production,automate.1.2weldamachinematerialWelding the machine material is to match each other with welder preface to match in themiddle of welding production and be advantageous to realization to weld productionmechanization and automate and be advantageous to raising assemble-weld quality, urge toweld the various assistance device and equipments that the production line accelerationcarries on.Call here it for lends support to device and equipments for being mutually distinctnts-1-|-1-with Han machine.The Han machine is to weld a core within process material, it includes towelds thepower andweld acontrol boxand weldmachine thefirst, thereis ownindependentsystem, dont belong to the category of welding the machine material.But weld a machine toequipopposite Hanmachinetobeplacedinanadjutant position, isthedeviceandequipmentsthat matches with Han machine to carry on welding production.The scope that it includes ismore wide, press the use for cent, mainly have welder to pack tongs and weld to become amachine and weld to transport a machine three, secondly still have already conductedelectricityadevice andHantotransport withrecall equip, ascentthepreparation andHansewto clean up Jing the whole device etc.They again is weld a machine material of from belongtodevice.Dividing from use scope, weld a machine material and is divided into in general usematerial and appropriation for welding a machine to weld a machine to equip two majortypes.Being in general use to weld a machine to equip in general use is strong, theadaptability is wide, the whole set machine can adapt to the variety of product structurerepeateduse.They cancombinetogether anuseaswellasassembleatweldtoproduce on-line,become one that welds a production line to constitute part.Because this kind of equips ingeneral use strong, so the mechanization, automation level isnt very high, mainly satisfy thedemand that the many specieses, small batch quantity welds production.The appropriationwelds machinematerialforthesakeof orientationlist species, largenumbersof quantityweldthe demand of production exclusively design manufacturing of.This kind of materialprofession is strong, rate of production Gao, control system forerunner, can nicely satisfyproduct structure, pack welders skill and produce the request of batch quantity.Forexample:The appropriation welder packs tongs, appropriation to weld tool machine to belongtothismaterial.Automatically weld a special airplane is is a particular work piece and certain shape ofweld to deal with contact but exclusively design of welding and automating equipments.Canpass an electricity control, annoy control and hydraulic to control a technique, carry out tomove to carry out a revolving of component, hydraulic performance component or move tothe electric motor, spirit, carry out a work piece the Han sew and opposite sport of the Hangun, thus and automatically complete to weld to deal with contact of weld awork.Automatically weld a special airplane is used for automating production, requestartificial or the machine hand top and bottom work piece, the welder packs tongs auto workpiece fix, fixed position, automatically start weld the electricity Hu of the power,automatically send the automatic ambulation of silk and Han gun or work piece,nts-1-|-1-automatically send back after welding completion, artificial or machine hand dismantle awork piece, it constitutes mainly from weld the system, machine system and electricitycontrol systemcomposing.Weld system to include to weld the power and Han gun among them, mainly have argonHu ion Han, such as, the Hanmachine, the CO2Hanmachine and MIG/MAG Han machine,andetc.machine,coverupHuHanmachineetc.Thereis alsoelectricresistance Hancertainly,theflame Han, laser Han,andelectronbeamHan.etc. weldaform.Above few kindsweldingthe power, the argon Hu Hanmachine and etc. ion Han machine canadopt Hanto sew metaloneself to blend and weld two workpieces together,canalso plus an autoto fill silk machineandcomplete welding of thicker work piece.The CO2/MIG/MAG Hanmachine and cover upthemachineof HuHanallhave anoneselfof send silk system, passaHanguncentertocarrya department to send out Han silk.Weld parameter is regulated by the Han on board controlknob.The machine system is mainly packed tongs and work piece assistance by the bed bodyorganization, workto prop uptinyetc. for adjusting organization, welder piece or Hangun tomoveorganizationof organization, Hangun.Bed bodyorganization:the bedbodymainly havealready propped up a function to the equipments, can use to cast a piece or weld acomposing.Because foundry piece the production period is long, the cost is high, so nowbasically adoption type material and steel plate after welding, through back fire and Jing toprocess but become, can quickly make and the cost is low, get a great deal of use.The workpackstongs andassistance topropuporganization:Can process noodles orfixed position boreaccordingtothe workpiece,the opposite position offixed workpiece, canadopttomove, thespirit move, dynamoelectric, hydraulic control tongs sport, realization pack to clip andposition aworkpiece.TheHangun is tinytoadjust organization:Want aHangunto aimatHantosew,need theXtothe HangunYZ tocarryon3Dthedirection ofgunregulate, beingaHanaimatHantosew,atthe same time according towelding acraftrequest, alsoneed tocarryout revolving ofeachdirectionfunction.The ambulation organization of welder piece or Han gun:Want to complete straight line,circumference or curveHantosewofweld, needthen opposite sport ofthe trackthatthe Hangunsewswiththe Hanofworkpiececancomplete toweldarequest.CanchoosetheHangunmoves, can also choose work piece sport.This demand decides to design way of thinkingaccordingtoshapeandsizeof workpiece.Its designingaprinciple isanorganizationthemostsimple, control most simple, the worker pack to unload a work piece most convenience isnts-1-|-1-lord.The wreath sews Han is that the work piece exercise, Han gun motionless, keepingsewing the Hanmachine is workpiece motionless, Han gun straight line sport.What this textinvolves is connect a line box of keep sewing to weld, so adoptive of is to keep sewing toweld, namely work piece motionless the Han gun make straight line sport.So, welding ofdesignaccommodation support and weld tongs to step up,position we want to weld of lengthfortheconnectingof 6mslinebox,is assurance weldtheimportant guarantee ofquality.Wanttocarryout high quality of evenweld, originally weld machine toneed toadopt anautomaticcontrol ofPLC,raisetoweldanefficiency.1.3weldcraftassurance analysisThistextwelderpiecematerialisaQ235,theQ235is1kindofcommoncarbonvegetablestructuresteel, itaccepts defeatstrength about235MPas,andwill makeit acceptdefeat valueto let up with the increment of the thickness of material.Because containing carbon is justright, the comprehensive function is better, strength and Su with weld to etc. function to getmorematch,theuseisthemostextensive.The Q235 contains amount of carbon low, the manganese, Huo content is also little, so,usually cant produce severity to harden organization because of welding under thecircumstance or Cui fire organization.Low carbon steel after the Han of deal with contact Suis asgoodasimpactresilience, generally dont need to beprepared while welding hot, controllayer the temperature and empress is hot, the Han needs not adopt, either behind hot theprocessing improve organization, whole weld process need not adopt special craft measure,weldsexgood.Dont havespecial request towards weldingthepower,generally handover,thedirect current Hu Han machines can weld.Process a request according to the dissimilarity ofwork piece in the middle of physically producing, can choose handicraft electricity Hu HanandCO2airprotectionHan,coverupHuHanetc.toweldamethod.Becauseof therestriction thatweldsasize, inordertoweldaconvenient beardrealizationto weld automation, so choice benefit in the realization weld process mechanization and theair protection of the automation Han.The air protection Han has a followingcharacteristics:(1)Give or get an electric shock Hu and Rong pond of it is thus clear that sexgood, weld can regulate to weld parameter according to the Rong pond circumstance in theprocess; (2)Weld process operation convenience, there is no Rong residue or hardly have aRong residue, the Hanbasically receives not to need a pure residue behind;(3)Give or get anelectric shock Hu while protecting the compression of current of air calories concentration,weld speed morequick, the Rongpond is smaller, the hot influence area is narrow, HanpieceHan after transform small;(4)Be advantageous to the mechanization and automation thatnts-1-|-1-welds process, especially the mechanization of space position welds;(5)Can weld chemistryalacrity strong with easy formation Gaothe melting point oxidize magnesium, aluminum andQinanditsmetalalloyoffilm;(6)Canweldlamella.The air protection welds to operate ex- preparation:(1)Operating the personnel has tounderstand Han organization to build principle and acquaint with its machine system,electricitysystem, acquaint withpower boxandvarious switchon theoperation keyboard, thefunction of knob, understand the main technique parameter of Han machine;(2)Shouldacquaint with diagram paper before operating and drive the material of welders piece, theheap Han part waits to request concerning the technique;(3)Want to have a quality check tothe Han silk and the Han before working, having the product the square who produces aqualified certificate can use.Want clearance to the greasy dirt and the rust of the Han silk,wanttopressthecrafttorequesttocarryoncuringtotheHan;(4)HeapHanfront,cleartorustand greasy dirt of work piece last Han part clean;(5)Request and choose that the spirit thatdescends sex, even characteristic, even characteristic protects Han the power characteristiccurveaccording tothe craftofheapHan, andturnthe conversionswitch toto shouldof intheposition.The pole that makes selection direct current the power is connecting a method topoint a work piece to connect a cathode, the Han silk connects anode;Is anti- to connectmethod is contrary to this.Adjust the Han machine machine head, speak a machine head tofollow a level direction to aim at Han to sew, regulate machine head rise and fall position,make Han run off tube of the cleft of bitter end and work piece take a 2540 mms forproper;(6)Open Hansupplyvalve, shut downabitterendleakaHan,adjust thered switchto position, until rise Hu.In the heap Han process, cautiously adjust to weld parameter,mainly is to weld electric current and electricity Hu electric voltage, weld electric current ofthick regulate can carry on on the power box, thin regulate to carry on in manipulatingdish;(7)The check of Hansilk.The Hansilk surface should sweep, didnt oxidize a color, Hansilkofhorizontallowtimes organization upshould not have crack,fold,pore,layering, shrinktail, metal or nonmetal admixture and other influence use of blemish.The Han silk shouldsatisfy in the auto or the half to automatically weld equipments in even request for sendinginto.TheairprotectionchecksafterweldingtheHan:(1)Break to break to experiment a check:The work piece that will finish welding incisesinto small piece and carries on a degree of hardness check, and welds to break to break acheck:Mainlyisseeweldwhetheriscomplete,theHansewsinwhetherhaveabubble.(2)The external appearance checks:1.Cave pit:Sew back formation in the Han afternts-1-|-1-welding of is lower than the partial low-lying and damp part of the material surface ofmother;2.Dont the Han is full:The Han sewed surface to form to live to break continuousgroove in a row;3.Weld crack:BE welding in response to the dint and other weld to deal withcontact to the frailty factor under the common function medium partial metal yardof regionscombining dint is broken but form of the blind side produced by noodles in New Territory.Ithas sharp indentation and bigger long breadth compare of characteristic;Weld process in, theHan sews and hot influence area metal to cool off solid phase line of the heat area ofneighborhood produce of weld crack;4.Cold crack:Welding of creation while welding to dealwith contact to cool off lower temperature to descend crack;5.Delay crack:The steel welds todeal with contact to cool off indoor temperature to combine to just appear after an incubationperiod of crack;6.Han root crack:Follow sew in response to dint the Hanof the concentrationrootformofweldcoldcrack.(3)Have no Sun to check:1.The super voice wave explores wound:Make use of supervoice wave to probe into having no of material internal blemish Sun examinationmethod;2.Shoot line toexplorewound:Adopt Xtoshoot lineandYtoshootlineirradiation toweld to deal with contact to check having no of internal blemish Sun an examinationmethod;3.The Ci powder explores wound:Just in the magnetic field, iron magnetism materialsurfacelayer blemish leaks the phenomenon of the magnetic field daughter-in-law Cipowderbutcarriesonofhave noSunexaminationmethod;4.Permeatetoexplore wound:Theadoptiontakes to have permeating of fluorescence dyestuff or red dyestuff of osmosis, having no ofrealistic blemishtraceSunexamination method;5.Seal completelysex examination:The checkcontains theexperiment tohavenotoleakandleakairandleakphenomena likeoil,etc.Automatic control airprotections welding is 1kindtoefficiently weldamethod,it has anair protection, so using it can carry on Gao quality to weld, again in order to adopting PLCautomatic control, as a result the Han sews even, weld an efficiency Gao, and use PLC as tocontrol core, dependable sex Gao, control the function is strong, plait distance convenience,be applicable to bad industrial environment anti- interference ability strong, have variousconjunction that connect and external equipments to maintain also very convenient, so thiskind of air protect automatic Han machine drive extensive application.Mainly this textintroductionconnectsalineboxthedesignthatweldsspecialairplanemachinepart.nts-1-|-1-Chapter2machinespreads toequipadesign2.1spreadtheassuranceofprojectRequest according to the equipments technique and various establishment that spread thefunctionthatthemotivereachesspreads aproject:Spread project analysis:The equipments is used for connect line box etc. spare parts ofkeep sewing to weld, the speed welding is lower,weld of speed of quality make decision andweld rate of speed and stability.Decelerate the machine adoption list class the cylinder keepChi cylinder wheel gear, the big wheel gear outputs stalk as the low speed stalk thatdecelerates a machine, can make to output stalk of become soon stable.The whole systemspreads not too and greatly, electrical engineering beard multifarious start, to systemsadjusting soon function request Gao, for the sake of realization better of have no the classadjust soon andchoose direct current motive andmake useof direct current electric circuit toadjust soon system realization have no the class adjust soon.Decelerate the machine adoptionlist class the cylinder keep a Chi cylinder the wheel gear decelerate a machine to get todefinitely spread a ratio and make use of two associately adjust soon can get a little bit wellandadjust soonfunction.2.2ThesilkGangLuomothers choice1,silkGangLuothemotherspreadofcharacteristics andapplication:Using to a little bit smallly twist

温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。