补充注释 Unit 1 Women of Achievement

Unit 1 Women of achievement补充注释1. Following Janes way of studying chimps，our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。 Following Janes way of studying chimps是现在分词作状语，表示伴随。I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些吃的东西，心想他们可能饿了。 请比较： Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Watching a family of chimps wake up是动名词短语作主语；going back to the place是动名词短语作宾语；sleeping in a tree是现在分词作宾语补足语。 2. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。spend (v.)：to pay money or to use time, etc花钱；花时间 How would you spend your summer holiday? 你暑假怎么过? He has spent all his money. 他把钱都花光了。 spend sth (on sth)：to give or pay out（money）for goods, services, etc用 (钱)；花(钱)He spent all his savings on a new car. 他花光全部积蓄买了一辆新车。 spend sth (on sth, in doing sth): to use (time, etc) for a purpose花（时间等）。其中-ing前的介词可以省略。He spent about a third of his salary (in) drinking. 他把薪水的三分之一左右花在了喝酒上。He spent his whole life looking after the poor. 他毕生的时间都花在照顾穷人上。 observe (v.): to see and notice; watch carefully注意到；观察；监视 She observed his actions with interest. 她很感兴趣地观察他的行动。 His neighbour observed a stranger go(ing) into his house. 他的邻居看到一个陌生人进入他家。 3. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。以“Only状语”开头的句子要倒装，即将助动词或连系动词置于主语之前。 Only in this way can we learn Enghsh better. 只有这样，我们才能学好英语。 注意only表示“只”、“才”时在句中的位置： 1）修饰主语时，通常置于主语之前。 Only you understand me. 只有你了解我。2）修饰主语以外的成分时，置于be动词、助动词之后，其他动词之前。 She eats vegetables. 她只吃蔬菜。 I have only seen him once. 我只见过他一次。 3）要确定所修饰的事物时，则置于所修饰的词或短语之前。 I met her only yesterday. 我昨天刚见过她。 4. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 40年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。 outspoken (adj.)：expressing your opinions honestly and directly直言不讳的 As a former schoolmaster, he has always been outspoken on education issues and a firm supporter of traditional learning methods. 作为前任校长，他总是就教育问题坦率地发表意见，坚定地支持传统的学习方法。respect (vt.)：to be careful not to do anything against someones wishes, rights, etc尊重 She said she wanted to leave, and her father respected her wishes. 她说她要离开，她的父亲尊重她的愿望。 5. It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. 这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率。explaining 是-ing形式作定语，修饰book。动词的-ing形式作定语常表示与谓语动词同时的行为，相当于谓语动词为进行时或一般时的定语从句，有时也可以表示一个与谓语不同时发生的行为。 Who is the man sitting (who is sitting) in the corner? 坐在角落的那个人是谁? Women caring (who care) for patients in hospitals are called nurses. 医院里照料病人的女性叫护士。 The man wearing (who is wearing) a blue suit used to be a teacher. 那个穿蓝衣服的男的以前当过教师。 6. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients我发现林巧稚把毕生都奉献给了病人 devote oneself / sth to sb / sth: to give (ones time, energy, etc) to sb / sth; d