2011年职称英语理工类B级考前冲刺练习1.doc

2011年职称英语理工类B级考前冲刺练习1发表日期：2010-11-5 来源：中大网校 网络课堂 在线考试-第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 C 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 C6 B 7 A 8 B 9 B 10 A11 B 12 D 13 B 14 A 15 C1Our school-run factory produce various kinds of chemical devices last year.Aturned into B turned upCturned out D turned off2In my family, we eat two kilos of potatoes every week. Awaste Bdispose Cconsume Dexhaust3Development in information （IT）will cause a revolution in business administration. Abring around Bbring about Cbring out Dbring up4Mary and I got used to the new college life soon, but Tom didnt.Asee to Blook intoCadapted toDstuck to5I want to buy my husband a new tie to match his brown suit. Ago intoBgo after Cgo withDgo by6The news will horrify everyone. AattractBterrifyCtempt Dexcite7Her sister urged her to apply for the job.AadvisedBcausedCforcedDpromised本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/3994456516.html8John Hanson helped draft instructions for Marylands delegates to the Stamp Act Congress.Aclarify BformulateCrevise Dcontribute9Her behavior is extremely childishAsimple BimmatureCbeautifulDfoolish10 The scientists began to accumulate a huge mass of data.Abuild up Bput upCmake up Dclear up11 Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.Aproblem BmysteryCquestion Dpoint12 They always mock me because I am ugly. A smile B looked down upon C belittle D laugh at 13 The secretary telephoned Mrs. Philip and found she had some rooms available.AringBcalledCaskedDphone14 He was assigned to do the research.AaskedBinvited Csupposed Dneeded15 What he said didnt make sense , therefore, I would do anything to help him.Awas not valuable Bwas not principleCwas not reasonable Dwas not superior本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/9583456522.html第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面这篇短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。How to Prevent Car StolenSpeeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser （锁止器）, and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cell-phone, a micro- processor and memory, and a GPS （全球定位系统） satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cell-phone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicles engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. The pattern of vehicle crime has changed, says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer wont allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition （点火） key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owners keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicles movements via the cars GPS unit.16The thief can not start the engine again once he switches the engine off.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17A micro- processor will tell the control centre to block the vehicles engine.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18According to author it is much tougher to steal modern cars than old ones.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19Most thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system are conducted by getting hold of the owners keys.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20The system will send a signal to an operations centre after the driver confirm their ID.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21There will be no car steeling thanks to the new system.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22GPS unit installed in the cars can tell where the vehicle is.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/6943456524.html第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选取项中为第25段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题材要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Computers and Human Beings1 As Dr. Samuel Johnson said in a different era about ladies preaching, the surprising thing about computers is not that they think less well than a man, but that they think at all. The early electronic computer did not have much going for it except a marvelous memory and some good math skills. But today the best models can be wired up to learn by experience, follow an argument, ask proper questions and write poetry and music. They can also carry on somewhat puzzling conversations.2 Computers imitate life. As computers get more complex, the imitation gets better. Finally, the line between the original and the copy becomes unclear. In another 15 years or so, we will see the computer as a new form of life.3 The opinion seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But drives can be programmed into the computers brain just as nature programmed them into our human brains as a part of the equipment for survival.4 Computers match people in some roles, and when fast decisions are needed in a crisis, they often surpass them. Having evolved when the pace of life was slower, the human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from absorbing several streams of information simultaneously and acting on them quickly. Throw too many things at the brain at one time and it freezes up.5 We are still in control, but the capabilities of computers are increasing at a fantastic rate, while raw human intelligence is changing slowly, if at all. Computer power has increased ten times every eight years since 1946. In the 1990s, when the sixth generation appears, the reasoning power of an intelligence built out of silicon will begin to match that of the human brain.6 That does not mean the evolution of intelligence has ended on the earth. Judging by the past, we can expect that a new species will arise out of man, surpassing his achievements as he has surpassed those of his predecessor. Only a carbon chemistry enthusiast would assume that the new species must be mans flesh-and-blood descendants. The new kind of intelligent life is more likely to be made of silicon.23Paragraph 1 .24Paragraph 2 .25Paragraph 3 .26Paragraph 4 .ANew era of computersBEvolution of intelligenceCEarly electronic computerDA ridiculous opinionEComputers imitationFHumans inherent defect27today the best computer models can be wired up to learn by experience and .28Computer power has increased ten times every eight years .29human brain has an inherent defect that prevents it from .30evolution of intelligence has not ended because .Amarvelous memory and some good math skills.Bsomewhat puzzling conversations etc.Ca new species will arise out of manDabsorbing several streams of information simultaneouslyEsince 1946Fintelligent life which are made of silicon本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/7437456527.html第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇A Gay（n. 同性恋） Biologist（n. 生物学家）Molecular biologist Dean Hammer has blue eyes, light brown hair and a good sense of humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US National Institute of Health, and in his free time climbs up cliffs and points his skis down steep slopes. He also happens to be openly, matter-of-factly gay.What is it that makes Hammer who he is? What, for that matter, accounts for the talents and traits that make up anyones personality? Hammer is not content merely to ask such questions; he is trying to answer them as well. A pioneer in the field of molecular psychology, Hammer is exploring the role genes play in governing the very core of our individuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on what might be called the gay, thrill-seeking and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic predispositions.That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered into an accessible and quite readable form in Hammers creative new book, Living with Our Genes. you have about as much choice in some aspect of your personality. Hamer and co-author Peter Copeland write in the introductory chapter, as you do in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet.Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by psychiatrists and psychologists, who based their most compelling conclusions about the importance of genes on studies of identical twins. For example, psychologist Michael Bailey of Northwestern University famously demonstrated that if one identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% likelihood that the other will be too. Seven years ago, Hamer picked up where the twin studies left off, homing in on specific strips of DNA that appear to influence everything from mood to sexual orientation.Hamer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, after receiving his doctorate from Harvard, he spent more than a decade studying the biochemistry of a protein that cells use to metabolize heavy metals like copper and zinc. As he was about to turn 40, however, Hamer suddenly realized he had learned as much about the protein as he cared to. Frankly, I was bored, he remembers, and ready for something new.Homosexual behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for exploration because few scientists had dared tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject. Im gay, Hamer says with a shrug, but that was not a major motivation. It was more of a question of intellectual curiosity-and the fact that no one else was doing this sort of research31. The first paragraph describes HamersA. looks, hobbies and character.B. viewpoint on homosexuality.C. unique life-style.D. scientific research work.32. Hamer was aA. psychiatrist.B. physiologist.C. chemist.D. biologist.33. What is Hamer doing now?A. He is exploring the role of genes in deciding ones intelligence.B. He is exploring the role of genes in deciding ones personality.C. He is writing a book entitled Live with Our Genes.D. He is trying to answer some questions on a test paper.34. What happened to Hamers research interest?A. He turned to basic research.B. He sticked to basic research.C. He turned to behavioral genetics.D. He sticked to behavioral genetics.35. According to Hamer, what was one of the main reasons for him to choose homosexual behavior as his research subject?A. He is a gay and he wants to cure himself.B. He was curious about it as a scientist.C. He was curious about it like everyone else.D. It is a subject that can lead to political success. 本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/3046461839.html第二篇Smart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is, says Claes Granqvist. Hes a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3. Its contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well. So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when theyre stuck indoors.Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When its hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until its completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of memory. All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. In the future, Granqvist says, our buildings may look different.36Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?AWindows can change from clear to dark to save energy.BWindows help to save energy by letting light in.CWindows help to save energy by providing heat.DWindows enable people to have contact with the outside world.37When are windows the weak link in a building?AIn the cold winter.BIn the hot summer.CWhen air conditioners are turned on.DBoth A and B.38What are smart windows, according to Paragraph 4?AWindows that are coated.BWindows that are glazed.CWindows the color of which can be changed.DWindows that have many layers.39To make electrochromic windows change color, what is applied to the window glass?AElectricity.BTungsten oxide.CA battery.DA voltage.40What will be the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful, according to the last paragraph?AThe buildings will look different.BWindows can be as large as you want.CWe may not need air conditioners any more.DThey are less expensive than traditional windows.本篇文章来源于中大网校 ；原文链接地址：/zc/moni/7519456534.html第三篇U.S. PeopleA report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner-amazing. Such observations report