法律英语词汇重点.doc

L1: cause of action 诉因,案由 social norm 社会规范substantive law, 实体法,立法 procedural law,程序法resolve disputes, 争端解决 public law 公法 private law 私法constitutional law, 宪法 administrative law, 行政法criminal law, 刑法sources of law, 法律渊源 coercive force, ?强制力? civil law system,民事法律制度 Roman law, 罗马法 judge-made law, 法官法common law system, 普通法系 case law, 判例法 binding precedent, 有约束力的先例judicial decision, 司法判决 in effect,生效的 the United States Congress 美国国会 L2: substantive right, 实体性权利 at issue, choice of law rule,法律选择规范 conflict of law, 法律冲突 choice of forum, 法庭选择 intermediate appellate court, 中间上诉法院 trial court, 审判法庭 court of limited jurisdiction, 有限管辖法院 inferior court, 低级法院,下级法院 court of general jurisdiction, 普遍管辖权法院 at the discretion of,由.自由裁量 district court, 地方法院 state court, 州法院 the federal court system,联邦法院系统subject matter jurisdiction,对事管辖权 amount in controversy, 争议数额 diversity jurisdiction, 多元管辖 circuit court 巡回法院 “federal question” jurisdiction, 联邦问题管辖the United States Court of Appeals, 美国上诉法院 the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, 哥伦比亚区的上诉法院 the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, 联邦巡回上诉法院 original jurisdiction,初审管辖 the Supreme Court of the United States, 美国最高法院 appellate jurisdiction 上述管辖 L3: adversary system, 当事人主义 judicial process,司法程序 legal controversy, 法律争议 regulatory legislation, 规范性法规 enabling legislation, 授权性法规 trial procedure, 审判程序 find the facts, apply the law,法律适用 civil case, 民事案件 criminal case, 刑事案件the inquisitorial system, 纠问制 pre-trial investigation,庭前审查 mode of trial, 庭审模式 settlement offer, direct examination,直接质证 cross examination, 间接质证 procedural safeguard,程序保护 interested parties 当事人 due process, 正当诉讼程序, admissibility of evidence,证据的可采纳性 resort to law, 诉诸法律 resort to force 诉诸武力L4: commence a lawsuit, 提起诉讼 bring sb. into court, 提起诉讼 courts of inferior jurisdiction, file with 把.登记备案 federal jurisdiction, minimum contact最低限度的联系 personal jurisdiction, 对人管辖权 service of process,送达程序 under penalty of default judgment, legal relief, 法律救济 service by publication, 公告送达 make a motion to dismiss, 驳回动议 pleading-in-answer, 答辩状 affirmative defense, 积极抗辩 counter-claim, 反诉 n essence实质上 L5: the opposing party, 对方 pre-trial discovery,审前取证 take depositions of, 录取誓词 question sb. under oath,经宣誓后质问某人 lay a basis for, 为.打基础 written interrogatory, 质询书 interrogating party, 质询方 personal injury case,人身伤害案 compulsory physical examination,强制体检 the pending action, 待决判决 the violating party,违反的一方 pretrial conference, 审前会议 settle the suit summary judgment, 即决判决 decide the case in favor of,做出有利动议方的判决 legitimate function,合法功能 notice of trial, set the case for trial, 把案件提交庭审 jury trial陪审团判决的案件 L6: an action for damages,金钱赔偿诉讼 constitutional provision, impanel the jury,组成陪审团 challenge for cause,相对异议 peremptory challenge, 绝地异议 opening statement,公开声明发言 directed verdict, 指令性裁决 the non-moving party,非动议方 charge the jury, 给陪审团上课 burden of proof,举证责任 preponderance of evidence, 优势证据 the losing party, post-trial motion, 审后动议 judgment n.o.v.否定陪审团裁决的判决 L7: render a judgment on default, 作出缺席判决 writ of execution,执行令 judgment creditor, 判决债权人 judgment debtor,判决债务人 reverse the judgment, 推翻原判 written brief, ruling of law, 法治.（注意不是法制） affirm the judgment, 维持原判 modify the judgment, 改判 concurring opinion, 同意意见 dissenting opinion, 反对意见 res judicata, 已决案件 set aside attachment 驳回 L8 criminal process, 刑事程序 deprive sb. of ,剥夺某人的 find sb. guilty, 发现某人有罪 the right to remain silent,保持沉默的权利 the right to bail, double jeopardy,一事不再罚 summary arrest,即行逮捕 grand jury,大陪审团 preliminary hearing,预审 nolo contendere,不争辩 不提异议 plead guilty, 服罪 plea bargaining,认罪辩诉协议 on probation, 在缓刑期间,在监外执行期 suspended sentence,缓刑 reverse the conviction, 推翻犯罪 writ of certiorari L9 （Unit 2，L1） Chief Justice, lay down, provide for, the judiciary, commander-in-chief, prime minister, American presidency, presidential democracy, regulatory agency, the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the Federal Securities and Exchange Commission, the Civil Aeronautics Board, congressional election, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Export-import