英语人教版八年级下册Unit 8 Section A 3.docx

Unit 8 Section A (Grammar Focus 4a-4c)Step 1 Review and Lead-in A guessing game about the following sentences.I havent read it yet.Sandy, have you finished the reader yet?3. Have you read Little Women yet?4. Ive already read it. 5. Ive just finished Oliver Twist and 6. Have you heard of them yet?7. Has Tina read Treasure Island?8. Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?9. Ive already finished reading it!10. Have you at least read the back of the book to see what its about?11. But Ive found the ship and made a small boat.12. Ive brought back many things I can use.13. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life.14. I have already cut down trees and built a house.15. He is smart and I have already taught him some English.Choose the best answers.1. Bothhisparentslooksad. Maybe they _ whathappenedto him . A. knew B.have known C.must know D. will know2. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years.A. iswriting B. waswriting C. wrote D. haswritten3. Our country _ a lot so far.Yes. I hope it will be even _. A. haschanged; well B.changed; good C. haschanged; better D.changed; better4. What are you going to do this Sunday? I _ yet. (绍兴市) A. wont decide B. didnt decide C. havent decided D. dont decide5. - _ you _yourhomeworkyet? -Yes. I _itamomentago. A.Did; do; finished B.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; havefinished D.will; do; finish6. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. seeStep 2 Do 4a on page 60 and check the answers.Step 3现在完成时用法1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 e.g. Have you had your lunch yet? Yes, I have. Ive just had it. (现在我不饿了。)2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。 e.g. I havent seen her these days. Ive known Bob for three years. Ive been at this school for over two years. 时间状语already, yet, just, ever, never, before构成现在完成时是由“助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词”构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。 动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。 (注：例子中单词的变化顺序为：动词原形 动词的过去式 动词的过去分词)一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同规则变化：1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped不规则变化：5. 以不变应万变。如：let let let; put put put; read read read6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept7. 结尾的字母d变t。如：lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy bought bought; bring brought brought; catch caught caught; teach taught taught句式1. 肯定句：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他)2. 否定句：主语 + have / has + not + 过去 分词(+ 其他)3. 一般疑问句：have/ has + 主语 + 过去分词(+ 其他)4. 特殊疑问句：1) 特殊疑问词 (不是句子主语) + have / has + 主语+过去分词 (+ 其他)2) 特殊疑问词(是句子主语)+have / has+过去分词(+ 其他)already和yet, just都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。already一般用于肯定句中。如：We have already cleaned up our classroom.注意：already用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。如：Have you finished your homework already? I cant believe it.yet一般用于疑问句和否定句中。如：Have you seen her yet?The bus hasnt come yet.现在完成时与一般过去时同学们要注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。虽然这两个时态都和过去发生的事情有关，但是现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等，而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。如I went home at 10:00 yesterday. I have got home now.我昨天十点回家的。现在我已经到家了。I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago.我已经写完作业了，我是一个小时之前写完的。Step 4 Exercises 1. Finish 4b and check the answers.Keys: loves, has read, will be, finished, will write, hasnt read2. Finish 4c and check the answers.Make conversations and complete the chart. (Follow the conversation on page 60)Step 5 Exercise 用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Excuse me. Have you _ (see) my dictionary?2.Have you _ (find) your wallet yet?3.I _ already _ (finish) my homework. Lets go out.4._ you _ (read) todays newspaper yet? 翻译下列句子。1. 我已经读完了这本科幻小说。2. 我上个月参加了读书俱乐部，并已读了五本书。3. 托尼昨天买了一盘流行音乐CD，但他还没听。4. 汤姆还没有看过那部新电影。5. Jim已经完成了他的家庭作业，现在空闲了。 Step 6 实战中考1. China develops so fast. Thats true. It _ a lot already. (2011安徽芜湖) A. changesB. changed C. will changeD. has changed 2. Julia isnt going to the cinema with us because she _ the film. (2013浙江湖州) A. sees B. saw C. will see D. has seen 3. Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ already. (2012河南) A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met4. Kitty, will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening? No, I wont. I _ it already. (南京市) A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see5. Our school is having a sports meeting. Someone _ here already. (2011黑龙江) A. arrived B. have arrived C. has arrived6. _ you _ the movie Gongfu Panda II？ Not