人教版八年级英语上册语法总结.doc

八年级上册语法点总结Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?Grammar:特殊疑问句：wh-questions:what,who,where,when,which,whose,why,whom等。特殊疑问句的构成及用法：1. 结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）疑问代词：1)Who:谁。做主语，用来指人Whoistheboyunderthetree?2）Whom谁，做宾语，用来指人Whomareyouwritingto?3)Whose谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词Whosepenisthis?4)Which哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Whichgrilswillinthesportsmeeting?WhichpenisLilys?5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?Whatareyoudoingnow?疑问副词：1) When:何时，询问时间Whenwillshecomeback?2) Where何地，询问地点，Wheredoyoucomefrom?3) Why为什么，询问原因，Whyareyoulateforschool?4) How如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?5) Howold多大，询问年龄，HowoldisJimslittlebrother?6) Howmany/much多少，询问数量Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?7) Howfar多远，询问距离，Howfarisitformyourhometoschool?8) Howlong多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离HowlongwillyoustayinBeijing?9) Howoften多长时间按一次，询问频率Howoftendoyougotoseeyourgrandparents?10) Howsoon多久，询问时间Howsoonwillyoucomeback?频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never,sometimes,often,usually,always.Unit2Whatsthematterwithyou?Grammar:1.用have来描述身体不适have/havegota+疾病名字；得了病2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can,may,must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Grammar:现在进行时表将来一般将来时表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be:am,is,are.be+v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go,come,leave,start,arrive,move等。一肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”Iamgoingshoppingthisafternoon.二否定句是在be之后加not.Imnotgoingtoshoppingthisafternoon.三一般疑问句是将be置于句首Areyougoingshoppingthisafternoon?Yes,Iam/weare.No,Imnot./Wearent.四特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Whenishegoingcamping?Whoareyougoingtherewith?Whereisshegoing?Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?Grammar:How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How,howfar,howlong,howold,howmany,howmuch等词开头的疑问句。Howdoeshegettoshool?-Hetakesthetraintogettoshool.Howlongdoesittaketowalk?-Ittakesabout35minutestowalk.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?Itsfourmilesfrommyhometoschool.Howoldishenow?Sheistwelveyearsoldnow.Howmanystorybooksdoyouhave?Ihavefivestorybooks.Howmuchisthiscoat?Thiscoatis200yuan.特殊疑问句的简略结构：howabout?+名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：Howaboutplayingtennis?Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答一 情态动词can的用法：Can是最长用的情态动词，其后跟动词原形，can的否定形式为cannot，cant.1. can表“能力”，意思是：能，会Icanpalybasketball,butIcantswim.2. can表示能力时可和beableto互换，beableto有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g.Theywillbeabletorunthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.3. 表示“可能性”，意思是：可以，可能。Thatbigcinemacanseat5,000people.4. 表示允许，意思是可以能够YoucanhavethebookwhenIhavefinishedit.5. 表示“惊讶、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”Thiscantbetrue.Canitbetrue?二 如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请1. 表达邀请的常用句型：Canyoucometo?Couldyoucometo?Wouldyouliketocometo?Doyouwanttocometo?2. 接受邀请的常用句型：Sure.Certainly.OK.Idloveto.3. 谢绝邀请的常用句型：Imsorry,Icant.IhavetoImafraidIcant.IhavetoIdontthinkIcan.IhavetoUnit6Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.Grammar:形容词的比较级一 规则变化、不规则变化（课本P93）二 than是比较级中最常见的标志词，意思是“比”reolderthanIam.Youareolderthanme.三 形容词比较级前，有时可以用much,far,alittle,abit,even,threetimes等词来修饰。Much和far表示“得多”,muchbetter好得多，alittle,abit表示稍微，一些，一点。alittleshorter,稍微矮点；even表示“甚至，更加，还要”evenbigger还要大些，threetimes表示“三倍”，如threetimesbiggerthan比大三倍Very绝不可以用来修饰比较级，very,so,too,quite修饰原级Unit7Howdoyoumakebananamilkshake?Grammar:可数名词与不可数名词一可数名词英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示一个，如apear.其负数形式要在词尾加-s,或-es（特殊情况除外），如twobananas,threetomatoes.Manymanyapplesafewstudentsfewbags二不可数名词1.不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an.表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的由量词构成的短语。如abagof2.常见的量词短语有：apieceofacupofateaspoonofabottleof3.不可数名词还可以用下面的词表示数量：muchmuchrainalittlelittle4.既可以修饰不可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的词有：Lotsof=alotof许多，大量some一些（用于肯定句）any一些（用于否定句和一般疑问句）Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?Grammar:一般过去时：指在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去意义的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastyear(week,month),twoyearsago,in2006等。有时也可用when,after,before,assoonas引导的时间状语从句。该时态在句中的体现是谓语动词用过去式。谓语be动词was/were否定：wasnt/werent一 Be动词句型一般疑问句：was/were+主语特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语陈述句：主语+was/were+(肯定句)否定句：主语+wasnt/werent+二 行为动词句型（当句中的动词为行为动词时，要借助动词did构成一般疑问句和否定句）肯定式：主语+动词过去式否定式：主语+didnt+动词原形一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形特殊疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形Unit9Whenwasheborn?Grammar:一般过去时的特殊疑问句一般过去时的特殊疑问句的变法同一般现在时一样，不同之处在于须将be动词或助动词改为过去时态，即“特殊疑问词+were或was(第三人称单数)+主语+（表语）+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+助动词did+主语+实义动词+其他成分。”一、 以when引导的特殊疑问句，对某人的出生年月进行提问，句型是：Whenwas/wereborn?was/werebornin+时间WhenwasDavidbeckhamborn?大卫.贝克汉姆是什么时候出生的？Hewasbornin1975.二以howlong引导的特殊疑问句，对表示某一短时间的状语进行提问。句型是：Howlongdid+主语+动词？HowlongdidCharlesSmithhiccup?Hehiccuppedfor69yearsand5months.三Whendidhestarthiccupping?他什么时候开始打嗝？When+did+主语+动词？Unit10Imgoingtobeabasketballplayer.Grammar:一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。1.begoingto+动词原形WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?2.will/shall+动词原形Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.3.be+v.ingTheGreensaremovingtoanothercitythedayaftertomorrow.4.be+动词不定式Youaretobebackby10oclock.5.be+about+动词不定式Themeetingisabouttobegin.Unit11Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Grammar:情态动词情态动词，表示说话者对某一动作的看法和态度，包括可能、怀疑、允许、愿望、必要、猜测等。Can(能、会),may(可以),must(必须、一定)等。情态动词的特点：(1)情态动词有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语，且没有人称和数的变化。1.IcanspeakEnglish.2.Shemustbeateacher.3.Wemaygohomenow.(2)变否定句时，直接在情态动词后面加not,无需加助动词。Hecantplaytheguitarwell.Hecantanswerthequestion.Youmustntbelate.(3)含有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句时，须将情态动词提前。Canyouhelpme?MustIgothereatonce?(4)can可表示能力、允许、可能性、怀疑猜测，意为“能，会，可以。”cant,意为“不能，不会，不可以。”，还有“不可能”之意。-Canyoudrive?Sorry,Icant.Itcantbetrue.(5)can也可表示请求与邀请Canyoupleasesweepthefloor?Unit12Whatsthebestradiostation?Grammar:形容词/副词的最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个“最”见课本p93语法1. the+最高级Sheisthetallestofallherclassmates.2. 最高级可被序数词以及much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,nothinglike等修饰。Thishatisbyfarthebiggest.3. 表示最高程度的形容词，excellent,extreme,prefect等没有最高级也不能用比较级。Heisanexcellentteacher.4. 形容词最高级间修饰做表语或介词并与的名词代词是，被修饰的词往往省略。Heistheyoungest(boy)inhisclass.5. Who/Which+be+最高级，A,B,orC?Whoisthemostuseful,abicycle,amotorcycle,oracar?6. the+序数词+最高级Heisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.7. Oneofthe+最高级+复数名词TheYellowRiverisoneofthelongestriversinChina.1、如有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,oncea.,every.用一般现在时第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形第三人称单数后跟动词加s/es。2、如有now,look!,listen,atthemoment.用现在进行时结构是be(am,is,are)+v-ing3、如有tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,fromnowon,in+一段时间,someday,next.用一般将来时结构will+v原begoingto+v原没有动词用be4、如有yesterday,.ago,last.justnow.用一般过去时动词加edgivesb.Sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物everyday每天,.Whydontyou+V原.=whynot+.V原为什么不Unit11.jack,goodboy!Pleasepass_theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspaper.A.youB.meC.himD.her2.ThismorningIhad_eggandabottleofmilkformybreakfast.A.anB.aC.theD.不填冠词不定冠词用法例句用于可数名词单数形式前Susanisascientist.Passmeanorange,please.不特指某人或某物Aboyislookingforyou.Weworkfivedaysaweek.表示“一”的数量，但没有one强烈WearegoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomorrow.Ihaveamouth,anose,twoeyesandtwoears.用于固定词组中Afew,alittle,alotof,amomentago定冠词用法例句特指某人或者某物Showmethephotooftheboy.双方都知道的事物或人Wherearethenewbooks,Jim?Theyareonthesmalltable.上文提过的人或物JiWeilivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.独一无二Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.序数词和形容词最高级前ThefirstmonthoftheyearisJanuary.普通名词构成的专有名词前TheGreatWall习惯用语InthemorningOntheleft零冠词用法例句专有名词和不可数名词前China名词已经有定语this,that,my,your,some,any等Thatletterisinherbag.复数名词表示一类人或物Myfatherandmotherareteachers.星期、月份、季节、节日前ItisSundaytoday.称呼前WhatcolourareMrs.Greensshoes?三餐和球类运动前Hewenttoschoolbeforebreakfastthismorning.3.Howmany_canyouseeinthefollowingpictures?Three.A.boysB.animalsC.filmsD.buildings4.Timmygoestoschool_everyday.Its5minuteswalkfromhishometoschool.A.inabusB.byplaneC.onfootD.byboat5.Everythingis_atnightmarkets.Youdontneedalotofmoneytohaveagoodtime.A.cheapB.badC.tiredD.dear6.Excuseme,_isthenearestbookshop?Godownthestreetandturnleftatthesecondcorner.A.howB.whatC.whereD.who7.Thesignztellsus_.A.NOSMOKINGB.NOPARKINGC.NOPHOTOSD.NOFOOD8.Canyouplayfootball?Yes,Ican,_Icantplayitverywell.转折关系A.orB.andC.soD.but9.Lastmonth,studentshadtohavetheirlessonsbyinternet_becauseofSARS.A.ontheplaygroundB.athomeC.inthestreetD.nearthehospital10.Itis_todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotter最高级要加the，由于hot为重读闭音节所以要双写t加est。11.Listen!Someofthegirls_aboutHarryPotter.Letsjointhem!A.aretalkingB.talkC.willtalkD.talked出现listen,look等词，优先考虑使用进行时态。12._ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof数字+thousand原形正确Thousandsof正确，其他形式不正确13.Ourteacher,MissChen,_Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.A.teachesB.taughtC.willteachD.hadtaught14.Doyouknow_duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid考虑两点问题就能解题：1语序：陈述语序2时态：看时间状语15.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Thereare_newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few判断标准：1Littlefew的区别2肯定还是否定16.IdontthinkI_youinthatdressbefore.A.haveseenB.wasseeingC.sawD.see17.Todaysomenewly-producedmobilephonescantakepictures_acamera.A.asB.forC.likeD.of18.Youwant_sandwich?Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenImhungry.A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother19.Dontyouthinkyoushouldpaintthewall?Whowould_?A.seeB.lookC.watchD.notice20.Iforgottobringmynotebook._.Youcanborrowsomepaperfromme.A.HelpyourselfB.ImsorryC.NoproblemD.Socareless答案：Unit1BABCACADBDADBCDACBDC初二上Unit1Unit3一重点短语：1.onweekends2.onweekdays3.asfor4.myeatinghabits5.haveahealthylifestyle6.thesameas7.theresultof8.junkfood9.getgoodgrades10.seeadentist11.haveahealthyhabit12.bestressedout3.abalanceddiet14.forexample15.atthemoment16.besorrytodosth17.gobikeriding18.takewalks=goforwalk19.takeavacation20.plantodosth21.westerncountry22.takesthwithsb23.dependon24.hostfamily25.hardlyever6.asksbaboutsth27.getbacktoschool8.abalanceof29.kindof二考点归纳：考点1.wantsbtodosth想要某人干某事Hisfatherwantshim_(become)anactor.考点2.try的用法:1).trytodosth尽力干某事Hetries_(eat)lotsofvegetablesandfruiteveryday.2).trynottodosth尽力不干某事Wetry_(notlet)myteacherdown.3).tryonesbesttodosth尽某人最大努力干某事Weshouldtryourbest_(study)allsubjects.4)词组:tryon试穿haveatry试一试考点3.although的用法:although/though引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然”，不能与but连用，但可与yet,still连用。考点4.finishdoingsth结束干某事Iwillfinish_(work)outtheprobleminanothertwominutes.考点5.cantwaittodosth迫不及待地干某事Icantwait_(open)theTVwhenIgethome.考点6.decide的用法:1).decidetodosth决定干某事2).decidenotdosth决定不干某事3).decideondoingsth决定干某事4).同义词组:makeadecisiontodosth=makeuponesmindtodosth=decidetodosthHehasdecidedtoleaveforWuhan.=Hehas_a_toleaveforWuhan.=Hehas_uphis_toleaveforWuhan.考点7.plantodosth计划干某事Sheisplanning_(take)avacationinShanghainextmonth.考点8.thinkaboutdoingsth考虑干某事Hethoughtabout_(go)toBeijingonvacation.考点9.go+v-ing的用法:gofishinggoboatinggoskatinggoshoppinggohikinggoskateboarding考点10.句型:Its+adj+for/ofsbtodosth同义句：1).Its+adj+forsb+todosth=Todosth+be+adj2).Its+adj+ofsb+todosth=Sb+be+adj+todosthItisveryfriendlyofyoutohelpme.=_friendlytohelpme.Itsveryhardforyoutoworkoutthemathproblem.=_outthemathproblemisveryhardforyou.八年级上Unit4-Unit6一重点短语：1.takethesubway2.allover/aroundtheworld.bedifferentfrom4.ontheschoolbus5.studyforatest6.gotothedoctor=seeadoctor7.haveapianolesson8.theday26.primaryschool二考点归纳：考点1.有关交通工具的同义句：1).takethetrainto=gotobytraintakethebusto=gotobybus2).flyto=gotobyplane/airwalkto.=gotoonfootrideabiketo=goto.bybikeMyunclewenttoNew Yorklastweek.Myuncle_New Yorklastweek.考点2.有关花费时间的句型：1).It+takes+sb.+时间+todosth2).sb.+spend+时间+onsth(indoingsth).Ittookmehalfanhourtoworkitout.I_halfanhour_itout.考点3.表示两地相距有多远：A+be+距离+from+B=Its+距离+fromA+toB.Itisfiveminuteswalkfrommyhometoschool.=It_mefiveminutesto_toschool.考点4.leave,leavefor,leavefor1).leave+地点“离开某地”2).leavefor+地点“前往某地”=goto+某地3).leave+某地+for+某地“离开某地前往某地”MrwangaregoingtoBeijingtomorrow.=Mrwangare_Beijingtomorrow.考点5.allnot=notall“并非都”部分否定注：not与all/both/every.连用构成部分否定。Notallbirdscanfly.=_birdscanfly,somecant.考点6.thenumberof/anumberof1).anumberof许多=alotof/many,number前可用large/small来修饰，alarge/smallnumberof.作主语时，谓语用复数。2).thenumberof.的数量,作主语时，谓语用单数。Alargenumberoftourists_(come)toMountainTaieveryyear.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_(be)60.考点7.sick/ill1).ill用在系动词之后作表语。2).sick既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。Shewas_becauseofhardwork.The_boycoughedterribly.考点8.表示客气地请求某人干某事1).Wouldyouliketodosth?2).Couldyoupleasedosth?3).Will/Wouldyoupleasedosth?4).Canyoudosth?考点9.bebusy1).bebusywithsth.忙于某事2).bebusydoingsth忙于干某事3).bebusy的反义词组befree/havetimeIambusytomorrow.=I_=I_time.考点10.whole/all1).whole一般置于冠词，物主代词或其他限定词之后，all位于限定词之前。2).一般不修饰不可数名词，all既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。Hestayedathomealltheafternoon.=Hestayedathome_afternoon.考点11.however/buthowever“然而，可是”用于句首或句中，须用逗号隔开。而but不用逗号隔开。Heisverybusy,_,healwayshelpsme.A.andB./C.butD.however考点12.mostof/most1).mostofthe+复数名词“.中的大多数”2).most+复数名词“大多数的.”_thestudentsareclever._studentsareclever.考点13.beat/win/lose1).beat:打败后面接打败的人或对象beatsb2).win:赢后面接比赛的项目（race,game,match,prize.）3).lose:输losetosb输给某人losesth输了某物Theirteambeatours=Theirteam_thematch.=Ourteam_theirs.考点14.doyouthink作为插入语1).位置：放在疑问词之后2).语序：后面的句子用陈述句语序。Doyouthink?Whoisthemanoverthere?=_doyouthinktheman_overthere?考点15.常见的不可数名词：weatherworkfoodnewsadviceinformationfunmusicpaper_weather!wearegoingtothepark.A.WhatagoodB.WhatgoodC.HowagoodD.Howgood考点16.afford1).afford常与情态动词can,cant,could,couldnt连用2).afford后面接名词或代词不定时。3).同义句：cantaffordtodosth=sbdont/doesnthaveenoughmoneytodosth.Thebookisveryexpensive,Icantaffordtobuyit.=Idonthave_tobuyit.考点17.listento/hear/sound1).listento仔细倾听强调听的过程2).hear听到、听见强调听的结果3).sound.系动词“听起来.”后面接形容词而soundlike+名词I_herbutcould_nothing.It_interesting.考点18.句型：notas.as1).notasas之间要用原级2).同义句：A+notas/soas+B=A+形容词的反义词的比较级+than+B=B+形容词的比较级+than+ATomisnotastallasI=Tomis_I.Iam_Tom.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone.=Thisbookis_thanthatone.Thatbookis_thanthisbook.八年级（上）Unit7-Unit9一重点短语：1.turnon/off/up/down2.cutup3.mixup4.pourinto5.addto6.hangout7.watchadolphinshow8.attheendof9.takeaclass/hefuture15.freetime16.beborn17.iceskating18.apieceofmusic19.winfirstprize20.majorin21.oneteaspoonof22.asliceof23.takeaphoto/photos24.getonesautograph25.haveayardsale26.getwet27.haveaparty28.attheageof29.becauseof30.atthesametime二考点归纳：考点1.finally的同义词组：finally=atlast=intheendFinallyhecameupwithanidea.=_hecameupwithanidea.=_hecameupwithanidea.考点2.turnon/open的区别：1.turnon：指打开水流，煤气，电灯，电视，收音机等电器的开关。2.open：指关着的门，窗，箱子打开。Please_thedoor.Theboy_thecomputertoplaygameslastnight.考点3.into/in的区别：1.into表示“到里面去”，进入到某空间里。属于动态介词。2.in表示“在里面”，在某一空间或范围之内。属于静态介词。Thereisnothing_theblender.Heputhisbooks_hisbackpackandleft.考点4.tooto的同义句：tooto=notenoughto=sothatHeissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.=Heisnt_togoschool.=Heis_young_gotoschool.Theboxistooheavyforustocarry.Theboxisnt_tocarry=Theboxis_heavy_we_carryit.考点5.called的同义句：called=named=withthename(of)DoyouknowthegirlcalledKate?=Doyouknowthegirl_Kate?=Doyouknowthegirl_(of)Kate?考点6.seesbdosth、seesbdoingsth的区别1.seesbdosth:看见某人做了某事2.seesbdoingsth.看见某人正在做某事Theteachersawthestudents_(read)Englishwhenhecamein.Look！Canyouseethegirl_(dance)underthetree?注：类似的动词有：hear,watch,notice等。省to的不定式变被动语态时，需带上toIoftennoticehimgohomealone.-Heisnoticed_homealone.考点7.attheageof的同义句：attheageof=whensbwas/were.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewasfour.=HebegantolearnEnglish_four.考点8.takepartin/join的区别：1.takepartin表示参加某项活动，运动，事件等。着重强调以主人翁的姿态或在活动中负有责任而参加。2.join表示加入组织，团体，党派而成为其中一员。注：joinsbin.表示“参与某人的活动之中”He_thePartyin1987.Canyoucomeand_usinthegame?Twentystudentsfromourclass_thesportsmeetinglastweek.考点9.句型：Sb+bethefirst/lastone(person)+todosth某人是第一个或最后一个干某事Womenandchildrenarethefirst_（take）tosafety.考点10.because/becauseof的区别：1.because后面接从句（除what从句之外）。2.becauseof后面接名词、代词、名词性短语、what从句。Hedidntgotothepartybecausehewasill.Hedidntgototheparty_his_.Shewasveryangry_whatyousaid.A.becauseB.becauseofC./D.with考点11.keep的用法：1.keep+adj表示保持某种状态Keep_,Thebabyissleeping.2.keep+sb/sth+adj表示使某人保持某种状态Wemustkeepourclassroom_.3.keepdoingsth.表示不间断地持续做某事或一直做某事。Itkept_(rain)allnight.4.keepondoingsth表示反复做某事。Hekepton_(make)thesamemistakes.5.keep+sb+doingsth表示让某人一直做某事。Hekeptus_(wait)foranhour.6.keep+sbfrom+doingsth表示阻止某人干某事。=stopsb(from)doingsth=prevendsb(from)doingsth.Becauseoftheheavyrain,wecouldgotoschool.=Theheavyrain_usfrom_toschool.考点12.visit的用法：1.词性转换：visit-visitorTherearemany_(visit)intheparkonMaysDay.2.词组1).beonavisitto+某地=visit+某地2).onesfirstvisitto+某地表示某人第一次参观某地HeisvisitingChina.=Heis_toChina.ThisismyfirstvisittoBeijing.注：travelto+某地HaveyoutraveledtoShanghai?考点13.alive/living的区别：1.alive指活的、现存的、有活力的。常作表语，也可放在名词或代词之后作后置定语。2.living指活着的、现行的、现存的。可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。Hethinksheisthehappiestman_.The_peoplemustrememberthedead.八年级上Unit10-Unit12一重点短语：1.growup2.somewherei