Phonics 学习笔记.doc

Phonics 学习笔记Phonics 是将英语单词解读出来的方法. 学习 Phonics 之后, 就可以直接读出单词的读音. 这就象学中文的孩子学习了拼音后, 凡是有拼音加注的书都能读出来是一个道理. Phonics 和拼音有许多相似的地方, 都是通过字母和字母组合的发音拼读出单词的读音. Phonics 也分有元音vowel (韵母)和辅音 consanent (声母). 元音有长元音 long vowel, 短元音short vowel, 和双元音vowel digraphs (双韵母). 辅音有一般辅音, 辅音组合, 和zh, ch, sh, th (consanent digraphs) 等.首先, 在学习 Phonics 之前, 各位父母和老师请先参阅 Phonics Rules. 了解其基本规则, 音节划分原则, 和重音原则等.http:/english.glendale.cc.ca.us/phonics.rules.html 学习字母的发音, 即字母组合成单词后在单词中的发音. 下面表中的元音 a, e, i, o, u 都是短元音. 每个字母后列出的单词是个例子, 例词是最常用的词. 念念例词就知道字母的相应发音了. 例词也可以是其他单词. 这个表要求能读下来, 熟记字母的发音. 读的时候应该这么读 : A, a, (字母读法), apple, /a/ (短元音读法). B, b, (字母读法), box, /b/ (辅音读法)AaappleNnnutBbboxOooctopusCccatPppigDddogQqquiltEeeggRrratFffanSssunGggumTttopHhhatUuumbrellaIiiglooVvvanJjjetWwwellKkkidXxfoxLllogYyyakMmmugZzzoo父母将上面的字母表做成卡片, 每个字母一张. 画上与单词相应的图画. 每天和孩子读一读. 帮助孩子熟练掌握.或用帖子里#7楼附件里的录像 然后学习长短元音和其他辅音的拼读. short vowel 元音在CVC(consanent+vowel+consanent)词语中读短音Long vowel元音在 CVC+e 的词语中读长音e 不发音aeiouae, ee, eaioubbatbetbigbopbunbakebebiteboneccatcutcakecodecuteddaddendigdotduddatedeeddivedoleffanfedfinfopfunfakefeedfishggapgetgiggotgumgategivehhathenhidhothughatehehivehomejjamjetJimjogjugjokellaplegliplotluglateleaplikemmanmetmidmopmugmatememilemutennagnetnipnodnutnameneatnoteppanpenpinpotpunpeeppokerrapredribrotrugratereadriderobessadsetsitsobsunsameseesizettaptentintoptugtaketeachtidetubewwagwetwinwakewewidewokeyyamyetyipyum-ckbackdecksickdockduck -y ending has a long e sounddusty handy rusty sandy candyrunny penny sunny funny bunny daddy puppy silly Consonant digraph 两个辅音组合发一个音.sh 开头chwhthqushell shock shut shop shank Ship shave sheep sheet shall shapechip chin check chat chill cheek child cheese chase cheatwhen wheel wheat while whip whale which white who whose what whythin thump thank thick this them that those that they thing then think thesequiz quit queen quote quack quick quite quake-sh 结尾-ch-thfish wish dash hash cash push rashmuch lunch catch such bench pinch watch math path bath with ch 在有些词语中发K 的音K=chchord ache school scholar scholastic scheme chemist Christie Christen Christmas Christopher Ng nk ending-ing-ang-ung-ong-ing-ink-ank-unksing king ring wing bang gang hang fang sanghung sung mungsong long gong pong wishing bashing gashing singing helpingsink link pink kink wink dank rank bank tank dunk hunk punk junk Long vowel digraphs 元音组合发长元音aaiaid maid paid aim rain main pain brain train strain jail nail fail trail wait faint paint chain complaintaymay say stay today play clay flag delay layer way holiday pray gray hay crayfisheiethief chief pier tier relieve believe achieve field yield iie ylie pie tie die my by spy shy why eye styleui uyguy buy guile guide disguiseooaoat boat goat loat loaf road roastoetoe hoe goes owtow row bow low slow flow grow hollow follow yellow fellow pillow willow window shadowuootoo soon spoon spool moose moon fool food choose smooth stool zoom tooth proofodo prove move to improve movie two whom moveueblue glue flue true dueuifruit juice bruise cruise suitewnew dew grew stew blew news chew few mew skewouyou youth your soup group oolook good book shook woof cook wooden brook roof cookie hood took wool foot stood oulcould would shouldufull push put full bush pudding bullet oioil boil toil foil soil coil poison void avoid noisy spoil moist voice choice coin join point appointmentoyboy Joyce toy destroy oyster enjoy joyful annoy employouout scout shout loud mouth couch pouch proud count ground house mouse our sour flour aboutowhow cow now wow bow vowel towel town gown down frown crown brown clown crowd tower power flower shower powder browse owl aucause haul pause sauce fault clauseawsaw law jaw paw draw dawn yawn lawn alhalt also alter halter almost alternate false always bald falter salt allall tall hall wall stall ball mall call small fall calling smallodog boss cost fog frog hog log loft loss lost moss soft smog off floss toss offer cross frost Short vowel spelling patternseeadead breath heavy weather heaven wealth read deaf steady leather health head ready feather sweater insteadaiagain against said fountain mountainiymyth gym crystal typical symbol system mystery sympathyuoutouch couple young double cousin countryooflood blood Silent kknot knit knock knife knee knob knowwwrist write wrong wreath wroteltalk half walk calf stalk chalkbdumb lamb climb comb limb bombtoften listening hasten soften listen castle whistlehhour hourly ghost honest honestly honorghfight tight light night sight flight right slight high fright might brightought thought sought bought brought caught naughty taught daughter Long a spelling patterneivein rein skein rein-deereigheight weight neighbor freighteyhey they prey grey obey surveyeasteak break great rump-steak breaking greatnessarefare share spare care stare scare blare glare snare flare dare rare airair fair stair pair hair chairearbear rear wear pearerethere where f soundphphone physics phonics phase physical elephant orphan phrase telephone photographghrough laugh enough tough cough每一个表格中, 第一项是字母组合, 后面列有相对应的单词供拼读练习之用, 不要求孩子识记. 只要孩子能拼读出来, 掌握了规律, 就算达到目的. 有些学校学的是国际音标， 有时会考学生在什么单词前用a， 在什么单词前用an. 我在别的楼里贴过一段这方面的规则， 顺便贴在这便于需要的同学。对于只学phonics 的孩子， 可以记住下面几条规则：A goes before all words that begin with consonants. * a cat * a dog * a purple onion * a buffalo * a big appleWith one exception: Use an before unsounded h. * an honorable peace * an honest errorAn goes before all words that begin with vowels: * an apricot * an egg * an Indian * an orbit * an uprisingWith two exceptions: When u makes the same sound as the y in you, or o makes the same sound as w in won, then a is used. * a union * a united front * a unicorn * a used napkin * a U.S. ship * a European * a one-legged man对于a or an before Abbr