大体解剖学要求掌握的专业英语词汇.doc

大体解剖要求掌握的专业英语词汇一、绪论、运动系总论能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：gross anatomy; neuroanatomy; the head, neck, upper limbs, lower limbs, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, perineum, back and vertebral region; locomotor system; alimentary system; respiratory system; urinary system; reproductive system; endocrine system; circulatory system; nervous system; sense organs; vertical axis; horizontal plane; superior/inferior; cranial/caudal; anterior/posterior; ventral/dorsal; medial/lateral; internal/external; superficial/profundal; proximal /distal; ulnar/radial; tibial/fibular；bones; joints; skeletal muscle; process; spine; eminence; tuberosity; tubercle; crest; line; fossa; fovea; foveola; sulcus; impression; sinus; antrum; cellules; canal; meatus; aperture; foramen; hiatus; capitulum; condyle; epicondyle; synovial joints; articular surface/capsule/cavity; flexion/extension; adduction/abduction; rotation; pronation/supination; inversion /eversion; circumduction; origin; insertion; fascia; retinaculum; synovial bursa/sheath二、内脏学、内分泌学总论能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：alimentary tract; oral cavity; pharynx; esophagus; stomach; duodenum; jejunum; ileum; cecum; ascending/transverse/descending/sigmoid colon; rectum; anal canal; digestive glands; salivary glands; parotid gland; submandibular gland; sublingual gland; liver; pancreas; respiratory tract; nose; pharynx; larynx; trachea; principal bronchi; lungs; kidney; ureter; urinary bladder; urethra; testis; ductus deferens; ejaculatory duct; prostate; seminal vesicle; bulbourethral gland; penis; scrotum; ovary; uterine tube; uterus; vagina; pituitary gland; pineal body; thyroid gland; adrenal gland三、脉管学、感觉器、神经系统总论 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇： cardiovascular system; heart; artery; vein; capillary; systemic circulation; pulmonary circulation; lymphatic system; lymphatic capillary/vessel/trunk/duct; tonsil; lymph node; thymus; spleen; central nervous system; spinal cord; brain; peripheral nervous system; spinal nerve; cervical nerve; thoracic nerve; lumbar nerve; sacral nerve; coccygeal nerve; cranial nerve; olfactory nerve; optic nerve; oculomotor nerve; trochlear nerve; trigeminal nerve; abducent nerve; facial nerve; vestibulocochlear nerve; glossopharyngeal nerve; vagus nerve; accessory nerve; hypoglossal nerve; somatic nerve; visceral nerve; sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve; visual apparatus; vestibulocochlear organ四、下肢（一）下肢骨及其连结 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：hip bone; iliac crest; anterior superior iliac spine; ischial spine; ischial tuberosity; pubic tubercle; acetabulum; femur; femoral head; greater trochanter; medial/lateral condyle; patella; tibia; tibial tuberosity; medial/lateral malleolus; fibula; tarsal bones; pubic symphysis; obturator canal; pelvis; hip joint; knee joint; patellar ligament; fibular/tibial collateral ligament; anterior/posterior cruciate ligament; medial/lateral meniscus; ankle joint；greater sciatic foramen；lesser sciatic foramen；terminal line.（二）下肢前面浅层和股前内侧区能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：great/small saphenous vein; superficial inguinal lymph nodes; lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; saphenous nerve; fascia lata; quadriceps femoris; iliopsoas; adductor brevis; adductor hiatus；iliotibial tract；lacuna musculorum；lacuna vasorum；femoral sheath；femoral canal；femoral triangle；adductor canal（三）小腿前外侧区和足背 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：retinaculum; anterior tibial artery; deep/superficial peroneal nerve; dorsal artery of foot; common peroneal nerve（四）下肢后面浅层，臀区和股后区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：sural nerve; gluteus maximus; piriformis; suprapiriform/infrapiriform foramen; superior/inferior gluteal artery/nerve; sciatic nerve; pudendal nerve; internal pudendal artery; hamstring muscle（五）腘窝和小腿后区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：tibial nerve; popliteal artery; triceps surae; gastrocnemius; soleus; posterior tibial artery; tibialis anterior; flexor digitorum longus; flexor hallucis longus；popliteal fossa；malleolar canal.六、上肢（一）上肢骨及其连结能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：clavicle; scapula; acromion; coracoid process; scapular notch; humerus; greater tubercle; radius; radial tuberosity; ulna; carpal bones; scaphoid bone; pisiform bone; shoulder joint; elbow joint; humeroulnar joint; humeroradial joint; proximal radioulnar joint; wrist joint；anatomical neck and surgical neck；coracoacromial arch.（二）臂、前臂前面浅层，胸前外侧区和腋窝 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：breast; pectoralis major; axillary artery; thoracoacromial artery; lateral thoracic artery; subscapular artery; posterior humeral circumflex artery; brachial plexus；medial/lateral pectoral nerve; musculocutaneous nerve; median nerve; radial nerve; ulnar nerve; cephalic vein; basilic vein; median cubital vein；suspensory ligament of breast/Coopers ligament；clavipectoral fascia；axillary fossa；axillary sheath.（三）臂前区，肘窝和前臂前区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：biceps brachii; brachial artery; radial artery; ulnar artery; brachioradialis; pronator teres；cubital fossa.（四）手掌 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：palmar aponeurosis; superficial/deep palmar arch; thenar space; middle palmar space；carpal canal.（五）背部浅层和肩胛区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：trapezius; latissimus dorsi; deltoid; accessory nerve；trilateral foramen；quadrilateral foramen；musculotendinous cuff.（六）臂、前臂后区和手背 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：triceps brachii；radial nerve；snuff box.七、胸部（一）躯干骨及其连结，脊柱区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：sternum; rib; vertebrae; jugular notch; xiphoid process; costal groove; vertebral body/arch; cervical/thoracic/lumbar vertebrae; sacrum; promontory; sacral canal; sacral hiatus/cornu; coccyx; intervertebral disc; longitudinal ligament; ligamentum flava; vertebral column; thoracic cage; intercostal space；intervertebral foramen；vertebral canal；sternal angle；costal arch.（二）胸部概述，胸壁，膈，胸膜、胸膜腔和肺 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：intercostales externi/interni; intercostal artery/nerve; internal thoracic artery; pleura; visceral/parietal pleura; pleural cavity; costal/diaphragmatic/mediastinal pleura; cupula of pleura; costodiaphragmatic recess; lung; cardiac notch; bronchial tree; pulmonary artery; lobar/segmental bronchi; diaphragm; aortic hiatus; esophageal hiatus; vena cava foramen；pleura；pleural cavity；costodiaphragmatic recess；root of lung；bronchopulmonary segment.（三）纵隔 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：mediastinum; thymus; brachiocephalic vein; superior/inferior vena cava; aortic arch; ductus arteriosus; brachiocephalic trunk; common carotid artery; subclavian artery; trachea; principal bronchus; phrenic nerve; vagus nerve; thoracic aorta; azygos vein; hemiazygos vein; thoracic duct; thoracic sympathetic trunk; greater/lesser splanchnic nerve；pericardium；pericardial cavity；transverse pericardial sinus；oblique pericardial sinus.（四）心 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：pulmonary artery; ascending aorta; heart; cardiac apex; coronary groove/artery; interventricular groove/branch; great/middle/small cardiac vein; atrium; auricle; ventricle; tricuspid valves; atrioventricular orifice; tendinous cords; conus arteriosus; bicuspid valves; aortic vestibule; atrioventricular node; bundle branch；coronary sinus；fossa ovalis；triangle of Koch；septomarginal trabecula；mitral complex；sinoatrial node.八、腹部（一）腹部概述和腹前外侧壁 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：obliquus externus abdominis; superficial inguinal ring; conjoined tendon; obliquus internus abdominis; transversus abdominis; transverse fascia; parietal peritoneum; arcuate line; rectus abdominis; superior/inferior epigastric artery; lacunar ligament; pectineal ligament; external/internal spermatic fascia; iliohypogastric nerve; ilioinguinal nerve；sheath of rectus abdominis；linea alba；inguinal ligament；inguinal falx；inguinal triangle；inguinal canal；spermatic cord.（二）腹膜与腹膜腔 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：visceral peritoneum; falciform ligament; ligamentum teres hepatis; coronary ligament; right/left triangular ligament; hepatogastric ligament; hepatoduodenal ligament; gastrocolic ligament; gastrosplenic ligament; splenorenal ligament; splenophrenic ligament; splenocolic ligament; transverse mesocolon; mesentery; mesoappendix; sigmoid mesocolon; median/medial/lateral umbilical fold；peritoneum and peritoneal cavity；greater omentum；lesser omentum；omental bursa；omental foramen；hepatorenal recess.（三）结肠上区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：cardiac orifice; pylorus; lesser/greater curvature; right/left gastric artery; right/left gastroepiploic artery; short gastric artery; coliac trunk; common/proper hepatic artery；cystohepatic triangle or Calots triangle；duodenal bulb；suspensory ligament of duodenum or ligament of Treitz；porta hepatis（first, second and third）；bare area of liver；Glissons capsule（Glisson囊）.（四）结肠下区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：superior/inferior mesenteric artery; jejunal artery; ileal artery; middle colic artery; ileocolic artery; appendicular artery; sigmoid artery; superior rectal artery; hepatic portal vein; paraumbilical vein; small/large intestine; colic bands; haustra; epiploic appendices; vermiform appendix；colic marginal artery；esophageal venous plexus；rectal venous plexus；McBurney point.（五）腹膜后隙和腹后壁 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：renal papillae, renal pelvis; renal fascia; adipose capsule; fibrous capsule; renal segment; ureter; suprarenal gland; abdominal aorta; testicular artery; ovarian artery; inferior vena cava; genitofemoral nerve; iliopsoas; quadratus lumborum；retroperitoneal space；renal pedicle；renal sinus；cisterna chyli；lumbar plexus.九、盆部与会阴（一）会阴 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：penis; scrotum; testis; dartos coat; epididymis; tunica vaginalis; ductus deferens; vaginal vestibule; greater vestibular gland；perineum；urogenital triangle；perineal body；superficial perineal space；deep perineal space；anal triangle；urogenital diaphragm；ischioanal fossa ；pudendal canal or Alcock canal.（二）骨盆，盆部肌、筋膜及筋膜间隙 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：pelvis；levator ani；pelvic cavity；pelvic diaphragm；retropublic space；retrorectal space.（三）盆部脏器 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：suspensory ligament of ovary；urinary bladder; prostate; seminal vesicle; ejaculatory duct; rectum; anal canal; anal column/valves/sinus; anus; ovary; uterine tube; uterus; broad ligament; round ligament; cardinal ligament; uterosacral ligament; vagina; urethra; trigone of bladder；dentate line；isthmus of uterus；rectouterine pouch or Douglas space.（四）盆部血管、淋巴和神经 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：internal/external iliac artery; umbilical artery; superior/inferior vesical artery; uterine artery；sacral plexus；lumbosacral trunk; pelvic splanchnic nerve; pelvic plexus.十、颈部（一）颈部浅层，颈筋膜，颈前区和胸锁乳突肌区 能够阅读理解下列专业英语词汇：platysma; external jugular vein; lesser occipital nerve; great auricular nerve; supraclavicular nerve; suprasternal space; pretracheal fascia; prevertebral fascia; submandibular gland; facial artery; hypoglossal nerve; sternocleidomastoid; common carotid artery; external carotid artery; superior/inferior thyroid artery; lingual artery; superficial temporal artery; maxillary artery; internal jugular vein; vagus nerve; superior/inf