Unit 2 Growing pains grammar 导学案.doc

Module 1 Unit 2 Growing Pains Grammar 导学案学习目标：掌握定语从句中关系副词的选择和正确使用学法指导：小组学习，采取自主、合作式、探究式学习过程：一、“介词+关系代词”结构1.关系代词whom， which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间；当先行词指人时，介词后的关系代词用whom， 其余用which，这时的关系代词不能省略；有时为了使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，这时的which可用that替换。当介词放在从句有关动词的后面时，关系代词which， that， whom在口语中和非正式文体中经常省略。如:This is the room in which he used to live. = This is the room (which / that) he used to live in. 这是他过去居住过的房间。Whos the man with whom you just shook hands？ =Whos the man (that / whom) you just shook hands with？ 刚才你与他握手的那个人是谁？注意：但下列情况下介词不能提前:用who代替whom，用that代替which时，介词不能提前。例:Hes the boy who I learned English from.这是我向他学英语的男孩。This should be the place that Tom sent the parcel to. 这应是汤姆送包裹的地方。当whom、which省去时介词不能提前。例: Is he the boy you went there with？ 他是和你一起去那儿的男孩吗？ This is the room he lived in. 这是他住过的房间。当whom， which作为含有介词的动词短语的宾语时，介词一般来说不能拆开提前。例:Youre the very man whom Im looking for. 你正是我在找的那个人。This is the program which he listened to. 这就是他听过的节目。2. “介词+关系代词”结构通常可以和一些关系副词(where， when和why相互转换)常见的有以下几种情况:1. where=in/on which 例:This is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。2. when= on/in/at/during which 例:I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.3. why=for which 例:This is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。【随堂巩固】一、用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句改写句子1 The old house where Nick used to live was burnt down during the fire last week.The old house Nick used to live was burnt down during the fire last week.2 The reason why he was late for his class is that he got up late this morning.The reason he was late for his class is that he got up late this morning.3 The bamboo grows best at the place where there is enough rain and water.The bamboo grows best at the place there is enough rain and water.4 We paid a visit to Beijing University last week where I spent four happy years.We paid a visit to Beijing University last week I spent four happy years.5 The film reminded me of the hard times when we had nothing to eat.The film reminded me of the hard times we had nothing to eat.二、单句改错1 The two things that the parents felt very proud were their childrens excellent performance in study and their happy family life.2 The room where he worked in is now kept in a good state.3 Thats the place in where he stayed when he was in London.4 I dont like the way in that you laughed at her.5 I shall never forget the day that when we first met.二、关系副词的用法：关系副词有：when， where和 why1.知识解惑：关系副词引导定语从句时与关系代词引导定语从句的作用一样。关系副词起连接主句与从句的作用；在定语从句中代替先行词；并在定语从句中作状语2.基本用法：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系副词ZXXKwhen时间*网Z*X*X*K时间状语ZXXKI will never forget the day when we met there.科网ZXXK可用on which代替&科&网Z&X&X&Kwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in which代替why原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which代替3.具体用法：关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when， where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。(1). when 在从句中作时间状语。常用on which， in which， at which， during which等代替。 e.g. April the first is the day when people make fun of others. =April the first is the day on which people make fun of others.(2). where 在从句中作地点状语。常可由in which， on which， at which， on which等取代。 e.g. This is the house where he lived two years ago. =This is the house in which he lived two years ago.(3). why why在定语从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用for which代替。 e.g. This is the reason why he went away. =This is the reason for which he went away.注意：并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。e.g. I am very impressed by the way in which he works. 这里in which 代表的是in the way， 在句中作方式状语。只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when， where和why代替。4.如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语。试比较下面两组句子：This is the factory that/which produces radios.This is the factory where radios are produced.第一句中划线部分在从句中作主语，故而应选用关系代词：The factory produces radios. 而第二句中划线部分在从句中作地点状语故而应选用关系副词：Radios are produced in the factory.Do you remember the days (that) we spent together？Do you remember the days when we worked together？第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：We spent the days together. 而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：We worked together during the days. 三、关系副词的省略：1. the time， every time， each time， the moment等后的关系副词可以省略。 e.g. By the time (when) he was fourteen years old， Jim had learnt more than two thousand English words.2. 在某些表示地点的名词后，关系副词有时也可以省略。如the place等。 e.g. This is the place (where) I saw him last time.3. 先行词the reason后面的关系副词可以省略。 e.g. The reason (why) he came here is quite clear.4. 当先行词是way时，关系副词常常省略。 e.g. I know the way (that) he learns English.四、判断关系代词与关系副词的方法： 1. 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 判断下列句子的对错() This is the mountain village where I visited last year.() I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. () This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.() Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where， when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。2. 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 (主、谓、宾、定、状)，也就能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age？ A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案：例1 D，例2 A例1变为肯定句： This museum is _ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where， that， on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中， 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum 词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who， whom， that， which， whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。【随堂巩固】(一) 选择适当的关系代词或关系副词把下列句子补充完整。1. His father died in the year _ he was born.2. He is unlikely to find the place _ he lived forty years ago.3. Do you remember the day _ you joined our club？4. Recently I bought a beautiful vase _ price was quite reasonable.5. The reason _ I came here is to get your help.6. I got the book in a small bookstore， the name of _ I cannot remember.7. I will never forget the day _ we first met.8. Is this the factory _ you once worked for？9. Is that the reason _ he gave for his terrible behavior？10. The kind girl _ shared her umbrella with me this morning turned out to be my boss.(二)用定语从句合并下列句子1. Bamboo grows well in these places. Its warm and wet all year round in these places. _2. Shall we go shopping this weekend？ Ill have finished all my work by then. _3. Sandy is not a very popular singer， because of his strange way. He dances in a strange way. _4. Is there any reason？ They dont agree with each other on anything. _5. How can I forget that birthday？ I was caught cheating on that day. _(三)单项填空1. Do you know the reason Tom didnt come yesterday？A. which B. why C. who D. that2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C. that D. when3. Is this the reason she gave for not finishing her homework yesterday？A. why B. for which C. that D. to which4. After the war， a new school was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that B. which C. when D. where5. Do you know the reason _ she got so angry yesterday？A. why B. that C. which D. whom6. Do you believe the reason _ he gave for his being late？A. why B. for which C. which D. itModule1 Unit2 Growing Pains 语法专练 导学案学习目标：1. Master the different usages of relative pronouns and relative adverbs. (掌握关系代词和关系副词的用法)；2. Learn how to use relative pronouns and relative adverbs in a right way. (学会如何正确运用关系代词和关系副词)一、单项选择1. He has got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. where B. which C. while D. when2. I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A. which B. / C. of which D. by which3. The old man told us _ the days _ he was poor were gone.A. that， when B. what， when C. when， that D. something， that4. I shall never forget the day _ Shenzhou V was launched， _ has a greateffect on my life. A. when； which B. that； which C. which； that D. when； that5. I walked in the garden， _ Tom and Jim were tying a big string onto one ofthetrees. A. which B. when C. where D .that6. Lets put off the picnic until next week， _ the weather may be better. A. as B. then C. ifD. when7. We are living in an age many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when8. Winteristhetimeofyear_thedaysareshortandnightsarelong. A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whose9. Isthereanyoneinyourclass_familyisinthecity？A.whichB.whoseC.whatD.who 10. Canyousuggestatime_wecanmeet？ A.whichB.whenC.whereD.how 11. Thesedays_wespenttogethercannotbeeasilyforgotten. A.thatB.whenC.onwhichD.atwhich 12. Nearlyallthefood_comesfromanimalsandplants.A.thateatB.iseatenC.weeatD.thateats 13. Thisis_Icandoforyourightnow. A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as 14. Icanstillrememberthesitting-room_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening. A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where15. OnthetrainIsawastudent_Ithoughtwasyoursister. A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that 16. Egyptisacountry_isfamousforitspyramids.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich 17. Chinaisthecountry_hespentthebestpartofhislife. A.whereB.whichC.inthatD.atwhich 18. Haveyougotanything_belongstome？A.whichB.thatC.ofwhichD.what19. This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which20. Ididntliketheway_shetreated children. A.whichB.thatC.howD.as 21. He is the only one of the three _ got the new idea.A. who have B. whom have C. who has D. whose had 22. The boss _ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A. in whichB. in that C. in whose D. whose23. Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 24. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008山东)A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when25. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008江西) A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which26. Where did you get to know her？ It was on the farm _ we worked. ( 2007山东)A. that B. there C. which D. where27. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she heed