目录
第1章 概述·········1
第2章 总体设计····5
2.1 概述········5
2.2 总的设计原则··5
2.3 设计任务···5
2.4 设计目的 ····6
2.5 设计方案的选择·······6
2.6 主要参数的确定·····9
第3章 螺旋机构的设计计算·····12
3.1耐磨性计算···12
3.2验算自锁···15
3.3校核强度··15
3.4螺杆的稳定性计算·········19
3.5轴承的选择··19
第4章 蜗轮蜗杆的设计计算········21
4.1蜗轮蜗杆的类型,特点······21
4.2设计前分析··············22
4.3设计计算···············23
4.4联轴器的选择··········27
第5章 带传动的设计计算······28
第6章 主轴传动部分的设计计算···· 33
第7章 轴的选择及校核········41
第8章 传动减速装置的润滑········47
第9章 机架的设计与分析·····51
9.1 机架的分类········51
9.2 机架的设计准则·············51
9.3 机架设计的一般要求 ·······53
9.4机架设计步骤···········53
9.5机架机构的选择·········54
9.6机架常用的材料·······55
第10章 其他机构的选择······56
10.1导轨的选择 ·········56
10.2 夹紧机构的选择··········50
毕业设计小节·····59
参考文献 ·····60
毕业实习报告
附:英文翻译
英文原文
摘 要
这篇毕业设计主要阐述的是管道除锈机的设计,管子除锈是管子使用前的一项重要工序,尤其是在钢管使用后非常有必要对管道进行除锈。这对钢管的使用寿命有着很重要的意义。
本设计方案是:该机主要由机架、电动机、变速传动机构、主轴、钢丝刷、圆盘机构等组成。除锈由电机带动,通过普通圆柱蜗轮蜗杆减速器来减速。蜗杆传动是用来传递空间互相垂直的两项错轴之间的运动和动力的一种机械传动形式。由于蜗轮蜗杆传动可以实现自锁,传动比大,噪音小的原因,所以选择蜗轮蜗杆传动。
现有的除锈机,其体积大,不宜搬动,而且把管道固定在机床上后,需要人力用砂纸打磨,一般总共需要3-4个人来工作。耗费人力不说,并且工作环境非常恶劣。
本设计是在机械动力头的基础上,增加适当的零件,实现金属管子机械化除锈工作,达到成本较低、结构合理、劳动强度低、效率高的目的。
本设计需要明确设计任务,由相关的任务书和工具书确定设计的传动方案为机械传动。由以知条件,可计算出工作力和工作速度。选电机,拟定两级减速的各个传动比,确定各级减速的输入输出功率、转速、转矩。其次,查找主要技术参数,明确设计原则,由相关的公式进行轴及各类零件的强度,稳定性及寿命的校核计算;进行机架的设计,包括床身,加紧装置形式的明确和对其强度,刚度,稳定性的校核计算。最后,全面分析设计结果是否符合设计要求,完善各个细节。
关键词:除锈机 普通圆柱蜗轮蜗杆减速器 圆柱齿轮减速器 夹紧机构 螺杆
Abstract
This graduation project is a pipeline of major rust on the machine design, the tube removing is an important process of the tube before using, especially in the steel pipe is used it is necessary to rust pipes. This pipe has a life of significance.
This designed plan is consisted mainly by the rack, electric motors, variable speed transmission, spindle, steel wire brush, disc component institutions. Rust by the motor driven by ordinary cylindrical worm gear reducer to slow down. Worm-drive space is used to pass each other the wrong vertical axis between the two campaigns and a dynamic form of mechanical transmission. As the worm drive can achieve self-locking, the transmission ratio, and noise reasons, so I chose to drive worm.
Removing the existing machine, its size should not be moving, and the pipe is fixed in the machine tool, the need for human polished with sandpaper, generally a total of 3-4 individuals to work. Labor-to say the least, and very bad work environment.
This design is the first in the mechanical power on the basis of the increase in the appropriate parts, the realization of mechanization rust metal pipe work, low cost, reasonable structure, low labor intensity, high efficiency purposes.
The design needs a clear designed mandate, and the mandate of the relevant books and reference books to determine the design for the mechanical drive transmission. Known by the conditions, we can calculate of the speed and force. Motor selection and preparation of all two reducer transmission ratio can determine the speed at all levels of input and output power, speed and torque. Second, find the main technical parameters, a clear design principles, by the axis of the formula and various parts of the strength, stability and the check calculation of life expectancy; for rack design, including the bed, stepping up device and the form of a clear its strength, stiffness, stability, the calculation of the check. Finally, comprehensively analyze the results of the design with the design requirements and perfect in all details.
Key words: Rusting machine Ordinary cylindrical worm gear reducer Cylindrical gear reducer Clamp Screw
第1章概述
1.1金属管子的应用
随着国民经济的发展,钢材的应用越来越广泛,涉及到各个方面,各个行业。钢管是一种中空的长条钢材,大量用作输送流体的管道,如石油、天燃气、水、煤气、蒸气等,另外,在搞弯、抗扭强度相同时,重量较轻,所以也广泛用于制造机械零件和工程结构。也常用作生产各种常规武器、枪管、炮弹等。
钢管的分类:钢管分无缝钢管和焊接钢管(有缝管)两大类。按断面形状又可分为圆管和异形管,广泛应用的是圆形钢管,但也有一些方形、矩形、半圆形、六角形、等边三角形、八角形等异形钢管。
无缝钢管:无缝钢管是用钢锭或实心管坯经穿孔制成毛管,然后经热轧、冷轧或冷拨制成。无缝钢管的规格用外径*壁厚毫米数表示。无缝钢管分热轧和冷轧(拨)无缝钢管两类。热轧无缝钢管分一般钢管,低、中压锅炉钢管,高压锅炉钢管、合金钢管、不锈钢管、石油裂化管、地质钢管和其它钢管等。冷轧(拨)无缝钢管除分一般 钢管、低中压锅炉钢管、高压锅炉钢管、合金钢管、不锈钢管、石油裂化管、其它钢管外,还包括碳素薄壁钢管、合金薄壁钢管、不锈薄壁钢管、异型钢管。
低中压锅炉用无缝钢管:用于制造各种低中压锅炉、过热蒸汽管、沸水管、水冷壁管及机车锅炉用过热蒸汽管、大烟管、小烟管和拱砖管等。用优质碳素结 构钢热轧或冷轧(拨)无缝钢管。主要用10、20号钢制造,除保证化学成分和机械性能外要做水压试验,卷边、扩口、压扁等试验。热轧以热轧状态交货、冷轧 (拨)以热处理状态交货。









