Great Scientists 测试题 3

14-15学年新课标高二上学期5册Unit1测试(广东) Class: Name: Marks: 满分（135）第卷 (共95分). 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。The sky was blue and the air was clean and fresh. The day couldnt be 1 in New York City. I was surrounded by my family and friends, the people who 2 the most to me. In my white gown (礼服), I held onto my cap and followed the sea of green and white. It would soon be my 3.I approached the stage with care and cameras flashed all around as I stepped onto it. I shook some hands and took in all the 4 faces. Now it was within my reach. I heard a “Congratulations” as a roll of cream white paper, 5 with a red ribbon (丝带), was held out to me. I said a “Thank you” and took it in my hands. I got off the stage, staring in disbelief at the 6 for which I had waited my whole life. As I was walking, a woman with a microphone 7 me.“Jessica Lynn, youve just graduated from high school. What are you going to do now?”I answered her, “Im going to 8!”At that moment, I woke up. Whoops! There I go again. Ive 9 been a bit of a dreamer. When youre the shy, 10 girl who tends to go unnoticed, dreams are what keep you 11. Where else can I be a rock star? Where else can I have a(n) 12 graduation day? Its just like the song says, “Only in my 13.” Of course I know it doesnt have to be that way. A dream does become a reality. I just have to make it happen.But there are a few things I have to do first. At the top of my 14 is college. When Im finally 15, Ill turn my dreams into my future. 1. A. warmerB. coolerC. betterD. hotter 2. A. suppliedB. matteredC. introducedD. told 3. A. performanceB. dutyC. chanceD. turn 4. A. handsomeB. pale C. smilingD. terrible 5. A. tiedB. connectedC. comparedD. filled 6. A. presentB. paperC. prizeD. ticket 7. A. invitedB. attackedC. criticisedD. stopped 8. A. collegeB. hospitalC. churchD. town 9. A. hardlyB. alwaysC. neverD. luckily10. A. politeB. honestC. quietD. careless11. A. goingB. workingC. playingD. giving12. A. briefB. impressiveC. calmD. confusing13. A. dreamsB. storiesC. memoriesD. opportunities14. A. menuB. pictureC. pageD. list15. A. comfortableB. proudC. readyD. silent第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有16 25的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Once upon a time, a poor boy together with his mother lived in a mountainous village. In his childhood the boy often cheated other boys out of money and things, but his mother quickly saw through his deception and criticized him. With his mothers 16 (educate), he also felt a sense of injustice about his deeds and made 17 apology to each of the boys.His mother did everything in 18 power to change his faults. She sent him to a school, 19 he found his interest and worked very hard. Five years later, he stood out among his classmates and was always thought highly 20 by all his teachers. He became interested in science and enjoyed reading many great works written by famous scientists, such 21 Einstein and Newton, 22 whom he learnt a lot of knowledge.After he 23 (graduate) from university, he became a researcher in a lab of the city college. After ten years of hard work, he invented a new material for house 24 (build). Nowadays, many people would like to use the cheap 25 excellent material in their new houses. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. . 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)AWhen I first moved to the US, it was very hard for me to understand a friendly chat or conversation. There were a lot of words that were quite unfamiliar to me. They were just common words, but the only difference was the actual meaning and their usage. We are used to different sets of words in other parts of the world due to British English influence. Though this has been changing a lot in recent times, I would like to share with you some of the common words used here and what I felt were different. It took me a while to catch up very basic words that Americans use in day-to-day conversations and I am still learning new words every day! Usually in India, we say, “Can I get my stuff in a plastic cover?” Here in the US, people say, “Can I get a bag for the stuff?” We are used to saying I am a non-vegetarian, but in the US people might get lost. You have to say, “I eat meat or chicken.” When you go to a restaurant, if you are a vegetarian, you should say, “NO Meat or Chicken”; otherwise, you may find interesting stuff as a vegetarian in your food.Americans consider association football (英式足球) to be a kids sport. People say soccer when they refer to actual football. In Europe and other parts of the world we call football, but here in the US they say it soccer.Typically in the restaurant after you are done with a meal, you ask for a check not a bill in the US from the waiter. No one uses “lift” here; it is “elevator”. Any shop is called store. We often get confused when Americans use “bike”. It means “bicycle”. If you want to take a bath, people say, “I need to take a shower.”26. The author couldnt easily understand a friendly conversation in the US because .A. he is not good at oral EnglishB. words used in their talks are usually uncommonC. American English has changed a lot in recent timesD. there are differences between British English and American English27. Which of the following groups of words is most likely to be said by an American? A. Waiter, get my stuff in a plastic cover, please. B. Is there anything wrong with the lift? C. Would you like to watch the soccer match this afternoon? D. It is so great to go traveling across the country on a bicycle!28. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. just common words are used in day-to-day conversationsB. English spoken in India is mostly influenced by British English C. British English is different from American English in all wordsD. English in European countries is mostly influenced by American English29. Whats the authors purpose of writing this passage? A. To share some of his funny experiences. B. To tell us that language is always changing. C. To tell us that English spreads widely in the world. D. To introduce some differences between British English and American English.30. Where can the article probably appear? A. In a TV guide.B. On a website.C. In a science book.D. In a tour booklet.BHomework and exams can cause lots of stress and worry for people. Whats worse, homework worry and exam stress can be difficult to overcome. But talking about them can help.Doing homework might seem like youll never come to the end of it, and it can be especially tough if you are having problems with understanding your homework or you dont know what you are supposed to do. Not understanding something at first does not mean you are dull or stupid. So, you dont need to feel ashamed to show that you dont understand your homework. Everyone learns in different ways and you have to find a way that suits you. Not telling anyone wont make it any better. Talk to your parents or teacher about how you feel and ask them to explain it to you. They are there to help you and want you to do well. Although it might be scary, they should be able to help you understand it better and find a way of working that suits you. Instead of asking in front of everyone else, you can talk to your teacher privately. There can be a lot of pressure on young people to do well in exams which can cause exam stress. All the revision (复习) you need to do might seem impossible. There are things you can do to make it a bit easier and feel better about everything that you have to do. If you are worried about anything, talk to your school teacher or your parents about how you feel and dont be ashamed to ask for help. There is nothing wrong with being worried about exams; its very normal. Remember, exams are important but they are not the only key to a successful future.31. According to the passage, homework worry and exam stress .A. are difficult to describeB. need much effort to deal withC. are impossible to controlD. make young people give up32. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “”.A. time spent doing homeworkB. too much homeworkC. taking an examD. doing homework33. The writer thinks that a student not understanding something at first .A. sounds unusual B. is quite normal C. happens to dull students onlyD. is a shameful experience34. Young students are advised to .A. go over all they have learnt before an examB. ask their classmates for helpC. talk to their teacher about their problems in classD. find their own ways of studying35. Why does the writer mention that exams are not the only key to a bright future?A. To help young people reduce stress.B. To tell young people a fact.C. To show that exams are not so important.D. To share his viewpoint with young people.CBack when our children were small, who could have imagined what life would hold for them: pressures surrounding alcohol, drugs, choices, and consequences. We recognize that our childrens need for independence grows as they do. And talking about touchy (棘手的) subjects can be especially difficult when teens tend to tune us out. Driving a teen to meet his/her friends may seem like just another unpleasant thing, unless you recognize it as an opportunity to talk. Of course, you may have to get the conversation going. If you worry about losing control of the conversation, try to do something you both enjoy together, like cooking, hiking, or going to a concert or museum. “Before I discuss topics like alcohol or drugs with my son,” one father says, “I do a little homework. Often its as simple as checking the phone book for hotlines or asking my doctor to recommend some pamphlets (小册子). If my son is not willing to discuss a touchy subject, I can still give him a number to call or an article to read. And, of course, I tell him Im always available if he needs my help.” Dont start a personal attack or hold a family conference to open a dialogue on a tough subject. No matter how serious the subject is, its important not to be heavy-handed or much focus on your child.Say youve read an article or heard about a troubling situation from a colleague or a friend. Share this information with your teenager; then ask his/her opinion rather than offering yours. Suppose youre discussing AIDS, and you can arouse your childrens interest by asking: Do you believe it cant happen to you? Do your friends discuss AIDS among themselves? What are some strategies to stay safe? When a teen feels that the two of you are exploring a subject together, he/she is likely to share his/her own thoughts.36. Whats the purpose of the passage?A. To explain what tough subjects involve.B. To offer tips on how to talk about tough subjects.C. To show the importance of tough subjects.D. To give some examples of tough subjects.37. In the first paragraph, the underlined part “tune us out” can be explained as “”.A. go along well with usB. rely much on usC. understand what we saidD. pay no attention to what we said38. According to the passage, the father mentioned may agree that .A. parents should do certain research before talking about a serious subject with their childrenB. parents should avoid talking about such topics as alcohol and drugs with their childrenC. children should turn to their parents first if they need any helpD. children should see a doctor or read a book if they meet with big heath problems39. As for a tough subject, parents should avoid .A. talking much about their childrens friendsB. sharing information with all their family membersC. choosing the formal way to communicate with their childrenD. being curious about their childrens opinions40. In the case of discussing AIDS, what parents can do is to .A. share opinions with their colleagues or friendsB. inspire their children to express their ideasC. remind their children of the danger of itD. give their children as much advice as possibleDLouis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist. He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine (狂犬病疫苗). The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva (唾液) entering an existing wound. After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body. By studying the tissues of infected animals rabbits, Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus. This could be used for inoculation (接种).On July 6, 1885, Pasteur tested his pioneering rabies vaccine on a man for the first time. He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method. The treatment lasted 10 days and at the end he recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment.On March 1886, Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases, the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching. Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died. The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centers in the world.Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways. He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28, 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame.Modifications (修改) of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.41. A person can develop rabies . A. if he is bitten by a rabbit B. if he touches infected saliva C. if infected saliva enters his wounds D. if he touches an infected animal42. Rabies probably can destroy a persons . A. nervous systemB. blood C. skin D. saliva43. What can we learn about Pasteurs test of his vaccine on the man? A. The man was sent to a clinic ten days later. B. It didnt save the mans life. C. It proved to be a great success. D. The man was his second patient.44. After Pasteur died, the Pasteur Institute . A. worked much better than beforeB. worked well until today C. continued to be in business for many years D. became the most important centre in the world 45. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Pasteurs rabies vaccine is out of date.B. A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients.C. Injections of vaccine still take much time.D. Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine. 第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先请阅读下面某网站的新闻图片及新闻摘要：A.UKs only polar bear gets a new friendWalker, who has lived at the Highland Wildlife Park since December 2010, will be joined by another male bear to keep him company. Walker is too young to mate, which is why he is being joined by another male.B.Spring snowstorm hits Northern ScotlandSnow has returned to parts of Scotland just a week after the country experienced record high temperatures for March. Scotland could face a further 5-10cm of snow, while areas of the Midlands and Wales are also receiving weather warnings.C.Millions of daffodils may wither (凋谢) and dieUsually, Scottish daffodils bloom three or four weeks behind English daffodils. The same group of people usually pick both crops, but this spring the pickers are still in England, leaving no one to pick the Scottish flowers.D.New England football kit revealedThe England team showed off their red and white uniform for the first time in a friendly match against the Netherlands. While some fans cant wait to buy it, others are angry at how much it costs. Childrens shirts are on sale for 70.E.Heavy schoolbags are causing back problemsExperts have warned that the weight of heavy schoolbags is causing serious damage to childrens backs. Half of all children complain about back pain by the time theyre 14.F.Should best friends be banned in school?Some primary school teachers are banning their pupils from having best friends, saying everyone should play in groups instead. Teachers want to stop children from getting upset if by any chance they argue with their closest friend. 下面是几位网民的情况简介。请根据相关的情况简介为他们选择最感兴趣的新闻进行阅读：46. Mr. Brown is an educator, who has been keeping a close watch on childrens health. Recently, he is gathering some information for his research so that he can work out a report and give some advice and suggestions to the educational department to make a further decision. 47. Mr. Jackson is an expert in agriculture, who is interested in anything relating to plants and food production. He is trying to find out how bad weather will have an effect on plants and their growth. Therefore, he wants to collect such kind of information. 48. Tommy is a high school student, who is fond of playing football. He thinks playing football is part of his life and finds much pleasure in it. Therefore, any news relating to football and football matches will make him interested. 49. Mrs. Green is a secondary school