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铁丝缠绕包装机的设计-铁丝缠绕盘的设计[三维PROE]【毕业论文】【答辩优秀】

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关键词：: 铁丝缠绕装机设计三维 proe 毕业论文答辩优秀优良

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摘要

铁丝缠绕包装机的设计主要包括铁丝包装机缠绕盘机构的设计，滚筒机构的结构设计，及安装上述两部分机构的机架部分的设计，以及对这些机构中主要受力元件进行受力分析。本设计主要对铁丝包装机的缠绕盘机构部分进行设计，包括带动缠绕盘转动的传动方案的设计和在传动方案中包含的主要零部件的选择、设计及校核及电动机的选择。另外，还对主要的轴，轴承，齿轮，带轮，螺钉等零件运用Pro-e完成其三维图的绘制，并对其进行装配，最后完成对铁丝缠绕包装机的设计。最终设计出成本较低，可靠性强，使用寿命长，节省劳动力，节省时间的自动铁丝缠绕包装机。

关键词：铁丝缠绕包装机，缠绕盘，电动机， Pro-e绘图

The design of packaging machine about the iron wire circle

------The design of winding wire ring

Abstract

Wire winding machine designed packaging includes all the packing machine wire winding plate body design, roller structure design, and installation of the above two parts, body parts of the rack design, and of these institutions by force by the force components analysis. The main design of the packaging machine wire winding plate of the body parts of the design, including rotating disk drive winding drive program design and program in the drive that contains the main components of the selection, design and verification and motor choice. In addition to the main shaft, bearings, gears, pulleys, screws and other parts to use Pro-e to complete its three-dimensional mapping, and its assembly, the final completion of the winding wire packaging machine design. Ultimately lower the cost of design, reliability, long life, saving labor, time-saving automatic packing machine wire winding.

Keywords: Packing wire winding machine, Winding plate, Motor, Pro-e Drawing

1 绪论1

2 设计要求1

3铁丝包装机缠绕盘传动方案设计2

3.1铁丝包装机传动方案选择2

3.2铁丝包装机缠绕盘传动方案示意图2

3.3电动机的选择3

3.3.1选择电动机的类型3

3.3.2选择电动机的功率3

3.3.3确定电动机的转速及类型4

4铁丝包装机主要传动零件的设计5

4.1锥齿轮的设计5

4.2同步带及同步带轮的设计9

4.3轴的结构设计及受力分析10

4.3.1轴的结构设计10

4.3.2轴的受力分析11

4.3.3校核轴的强度12

5装配图及其他主要零件图13

6 结束语15

致谢15

参考文献16

1 绪论

机械设计（machine design），根据使用要求对铁丝缠绕包装机的工作原理、结构、运动方式、力和能量的传递方式、各个零件的材料和形状尺寸、润滑方法等进行构思、分析和计算并将其转化为具体的描述以作为制造依据的工作过程。

传统的铁丝包装存在着一些缺点:一是包装的方法老旧,二是包装浪费时间,还有就是包装的手动占很大的部分,造成劳动力的浪费,所以现存的铁丝包装机不能快速高科技节省劳动力的对铁丝进行自动化包装,因此我们就此对铁丝包装机进行设计.

经本设计完成的铁丝缠绕包装机能完成铁丝的自动包装,并且能达到节省劳动力,节省时间,从而利用高新科技达到节省成本,完成铁丝的缠绕包装.这样使包装机的使用寿命也能大大加强,铁丝缠绕包装的可靠性也会大大加强,达到社会上要求的标准,并且提高社会生产力.

　目前在我国，受经济条件和技术水平的限制，手动和半自动进行铁丝缠绕包装仍是我国中最常用的铁丝包装方式。由于投资成本较低，我国劳动力丰富.且操作简单,所以在中小型企业获得了广泛应用。

随着铁丝包装技术的不断发展，传统的铁丝包装技术难以满足现今铁丝缠绕包装要求。国外普遍利用自动铁丝包装机等来替代老旧的铁丝包装技术，这种自动铁丝缠绕包装在工业发达国家已开始推广使用。在国内铁丝缠绕包装行业中，近年来开始尝试采用自动机械铁丝包装机代替传统的手工铁丝包装的方法，目前还没有推广。自动铁丝缠绕包装机在完成铁丝包装技术的同时也能节能环保，同时使用时间长久.但是鉴于它的设备体积大、功率因数低、费用较高等原因，在中小型铁丝缠绕工厂上多不用。把传统的铁丝包装机改成更加节能，占地小.功率高.铁丝包装质量优良.价格合理包装机器是铁丝包装机发展的一个重要项目。

Pro/Engineer是一套由设计至生产的机械自动化软件，是新一代产品造型系统，是一个参数化、基于特征的实体造型系统，并且具有单一数据库功能。Pro/Engineer是采用参数化设计的、基于特征的实体模型化系统，工程设计人员采用具有智能特性的基于特征的功能去生成模型，如腔、壳、倒角及圆角.基于此绘图软件的这些优点,本次设计使用PRO-E绘制设计图.

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内容简介：: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beqing Volume 15, Number 7, February 2008, Page 48 ELSEVIER Filling ability of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry in rheo-diecasting Yuelong Bail., Weimin Mao, Son& Gao”, Guoxing Tang”, and Jun Xu 1) School of Materials Science and Engineering. University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083. China 2) National Engineering Research Center for Nan-ferrous Metals Composite. General Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metals, Beijing 100088,China (Received 2007-02- 28) Abstracts: The effects of slurry temperature, injection pressure, and piston velocity on the rheo-filling ability of semisolid A356 al- loys were studied by the reho-diecasting methods. The results show that the sluny temperature of the semi-solid A356 aluminum al- loy has an important effect on the filling ability; the higher the slurry temperature, the better is the filling ability, and the appropriate slurry temperature for rheo-filling is in the range of 585-595C. The injection pressure also has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-fining when the injection pressure is in the range of 15-25 MPa. The PiStOR velocity also has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-filling when the piston velocity is in the range of 0.072-0.12 ds. The filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stirring is very good and the microstructural distribution in the rheo-formed die castings is homogeneous, which is advantageous to the high quality die casting. 0 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved. Key words: A356 aluminurn alloy; rheo-diecasting; filling ability; semi-solid The work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of Chinu (No.50774007), the National High Tech- nology Research and Developmen1 Program of china (N0.2006AA03Z115). and the National Key Basic Research Program of China (N0.2006CB605203). I 1. Introduction Ever since semi-solid metal forming was developed by Flemings at MIT in the 1970s. it has attracted con- siderable attention in overseas and domestic. Several experts have participated in the basic and applied re- search of these techniques. After developing for over thirty years, these have successfully been applied to manufacturing various kinds of car and aircraft parts 1-31. However, at present, only the thixo-forming techniques have been used for commercial production and the commercial production scale is small yet. This is mainly because the preparing cost of semi-solid sluny and the energy consumption of billet reheating are higher, and the recycling of bleeding drops, bis- cuits, gating system, and rejected castings are difficult. When compared with thixo-forming technologies, reho-forming techniques of semi-solid metals have several advantages, such as considerably shorter proc- ess, easy recycling of the gating system and waste Corresponding author: Yuelong Bai. E-mail: bal-yuelong 163.com 0 2IH)8 University of Science and lechnolopy Beijing. All rights reserved. castings, low production cost, etc. Thus, reho-forming techniques are now becoming one of the most impor- tant study subjects 4-91. Low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stirring for a short time (LSPWES) is a new method for the preparation of semi-solid alloys slurries 10-1 11, which requires low energy consumption as compared with the preparation of semi-solid alloys billets using only electromagnetic stirring at a high power 12-131; and the process con- trol is considerably convenient 141 and the slurry mi- crostructure is better than that prepared by the liquidus casting technology. Therefore, LSPWES can be ap- plied as the key technology of a new semi-solid reho- forming process 15. In this study, the filling ability of semi-solid A356 alloy slurry prepared by the LSPWES method was investigated and the experi- mental results can be useful for the development of an advanced reho-forming technology. 2. Experimental The raw materials used in the experiments were Also available online at ntsY.L. Bai ef al., Filling ability of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry in rheo-diecasting 49 commercial A356 aluminum alloy. Its composition was Si, 7.49wt%; Mg, 0.46wt%; Fe, 0.16wt%; and balance Al. The liquids temperature and the solids temperature are about 615 and 555OC, respectively. In the experiments, the slurry of A356 alloy was first prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stimng, and then the slurry was soaked in an induction heater. After the soaking proc- ess, the slurry was finally delivered quickly into the injection chamber of the die casting machine and formed. To investigate the rheo-diecasting filling ability of the above-prepared slurry, the die with a 1300 mmx10 mmx3 mm spiral cavity was used. The schematic dia- gram and cross section of the die is shown in Fig. l. The rheo-formed spiral sample length may be used as the standard to evaluate the effects of slurry tempera- ture, injection pressure, and piston velocity on the filling ability. The slurry temperatures used in these experiments were in the range of 585-595C, the in- jection pressures were in the range of 5-25 MPa, and the piston velocities were between 0.024 and 0.072 ds. The preheated die and the injection chamber temperature were 120 and 300OC, respectively. Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the die (a) and its cross section (b) (unit: mm). The metallographic specimens were cut from the different sites of the spiral samples and roughly ground, finely polished, and etched by an aqueous solution of 0.501% HE The microstructure was ob- served and analyzed with an optical microscope for analyzing the microstructural distribution. 3. Result and discussion 3.1. Effect of slurry temperature on the filling abil- ity The slurry temperature here is the temperature at which the slurry was delivered into the injection chamber. The experiments indicate that the slurry temperature has a great effect on the filling ability of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry. The filling lengths of rheo-formed spiral samples at different temperatures are shown in Fig. 2, in which the piston velocity is 0.072 m/s. 280 E 240 E , 220 J= 200- - 2 180- .- 2 160- -m- 10 MPa -0- 15 MPa - 100 584 586 588 590 592 594 596 Forming temperature / C Fig. 2. Effect of slurry temperature on the filling length of the semi-solid A356 alloy slurry. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the variation trend of filling length with increasing slurry temperature is similar whether the injection pressure is 10, 15, or 20 MPa, and it is obvious that the filling length increases with increasing slurry temperature. Namely, the filling ability of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry becomes gradually better with the increasing slurry temperature. This is because the solid fraction and ap- parent viscosity decrease with the increasing slurry temperature, and therefore, the filling resistance is lower when the slurry flows in the cavity and the fill- ing length increases. On the other hand, the freezing time of the slurry resulting from the higher tempera- ture will be longer, and the filling time may be longer. Thus, the higher the slurry temperature, the longer is the freezing time, and the better is the filling ability. However, if the slurry temperature is considerably higher, the turbulent flow and the gas entrainment may be caused. Therefore, the appropriate slurry tempera- tures that ensure a completely compacted filling must be adopted. It can also be seen from Fig. 2 that the filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stirring is very good. Even when the slurry temperature and the reheated die tem- perature are 585 and 120C, respectively, the filling length still reaches up to 100 mm, which indicates a good filling ability for the castings with 3 mm thick- ness and 10 mm width. If the slurry temperature con- tinuously increases to 595C, the filling length nts50 J. Univ. Sci. TechnoL Beijing, VoLlS, No.1, Feb 2008 reaches up to more than 180 nun and is in a range of 180-270 mm, namely, the filling length will increase to 270 nun when the forming temperature and the in- jection pressure are 595C and 20 MPa, respectively. Thus, the complete filling for any complex die cavity can be ensured by appropriately adjusting the sluny temperature and the injection pressure. 3.2. Effect of injection pressure on the filling ability The injection pressure is the static pressure exerted on the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry in the injection chamber. It is also an important parameter in the rheo-diecasting process, and the effect of injection pressure on the filling length of the spiral die castings under various injection pressure conditions is shown in Fig. 3, in which the slurry temperature is 585C. 5 I0 15 20 25 ln,jrction pressure ! MPa Fig. 3. Effect of injection pressure on the filling length. From Fig. 3, it can be seen that the filling length is shorter when the injection pressure is low; however, the filling length will increase when the injection pres- sure increases. For example, when the injection pres- sure is 5 MPa and the piston velocity is 0.048ds. the filling length is only 71 mm, which indicates a poor filling ability. However, when the injection pressure increases to 15 MPa, the filling length will reach up to 110 mm, wluch indicates a good filling ability. Moreover, if the injection pressure increases to above 15 MPa, the filling length will increase considerably and will reach up to 120- 190 mm. The varying trend of the filling length with the increasing injection pres- sure may be explained as follows: when the injection pressure is low, the filling power is not enough to overcome the flow resistance of the slurry, therefore, the filling length is short; if the injection pressure in- creases. the slurry will get larger power to overcome the flow resistance of the slurry. However, if the in- jection pressure is very high and reaches a critical value, the air in the cavity cannot escape immediately, and the filling length will decrease because of the higher adverse pressure, and the gas entrapment may also be caused 1, 31; thus, a higher pressure must be adopted if gas entrapment must be prevented. It can also be seen from Fig. 3 that while the injec- tion pressure increases, the filling length will increase considerably if the piston velocity increases at the same time. For example, when the piston velocity is 0.096 ds, if the injection pressure increases to 25 MPa, the filling length will reach up to 240 mm, that is to say, the filling ability is considerably better. The main reason may be that the higher filling velocity de- creases the heat emission of the slurry and is favorable for the slurry to flow for a longer time before it freezes, and therefore, the filling ability will become considerably better. The results in Fig. 3 indicate that if the exhaustion of the die is good and gas entrainment cannot appear, a higher injection pressure is favorable to the filling ability, and the filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stir- ring is also very good. 3.3. Effect of piston velocity on the filling ability The piston velocity is the velocity at which the piston moves forward when the slurry is filled. It is also an important parameter in the rheo-diecasting process. Fig. 4 shows the effect of piston velocity on the filling length, in which the slurry temperature is 585C. -m IOMPa -0- I5 MPa -A- 20 MPa Piston velociv / (ms) Fig. 4. Effect of piston velocity on the filling length. From Fig. 4, it can be seen that the filling length in- creases with increasing piston velocity. When the in- jection pressure is 10 MPa and the piston velocity is 0.024 ds, the filling length is only 70 mm, which in- dicates a poor filling ability under this condition. If the piston velocity increases to 0.072 ds and the injec- tion pressure is also 10 MPa, the filling length in- creases and reaches up to 100 mm. However, if the piston velocity increases to 0.12 ds, the filling length will increase and will reach up to140 mm, which indi- ntsY.L Bui et uZ., Filling ability of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry in rheo-diecasting 51 cates a better filling ability at this time. With increas- ing piston velocity, the slurry filling speed will in- crease and the filling time in the same die cavity will be shortened; the heat emission also decreases so that the slurry will flow at a higher temperature. As a result, the apparent viscosity of the slurry will be lower and the flow ability will also be good; thus, the filling length gradually becomes longer in the end. It can also be seen from Fig. 4 that if the injection pressure in- creases, the filling length will considerably increase while the piston velocity will increase simultaneously. For example, when the injection pressure is 20 MPa and the piston velocity is 0.024 m/s, the filling length is only 105 mm, but if the piston velocity increases to 0.12 m/s, the filling length will increase to 180 mm, which indicates that this condition has a good filling ability. Thus, it is favorable for good filling ability when the injection pressure is above 15 MPa and the piston velocity is above 0.096 m/s. The varying trend of the filling length with in- creasing piston velocity also shows that the filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring and weak electromagnetic stirring is very good. 3.4. Microstructural distribution To get the isotropic and good mechanical properties, it is required in the semi-solid metal forming process that the microstructural distribution is very homoge- neous, namely, the spherical primary a-A1 grains should be distributed homogeneously in the die cast- ing. Fig. 5 shows the sites at which the metallographic specimens were cut. Bottom C Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of the sites at which the metal- lographic specimens were cut. Fig. 6 shows the center microstructures and the periphery microstructures at the A, B, and C sites. It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the spherical primary a- A1 grains at the center are very homogeneous whether at A, B, or C sites. However, the spherical primary a- A1 grains at the periphery are smaller than that in the center to a very limited extent and the obvious micro- structural segregation cannot be found, which indi- cates that the semi-solid slurry filling is stable. It also indicates that the slurry prepared by low superheat pouring with weak electromagnetic stimng is appro- priate to the rheo-forming process, which will lay a solid base for die casting with high quality and good mechanical properties. Fig. 6. Microstructures of the metallographic specimens cut from the semi-solid filled pieces: (a) at the center of site A; (b) in the periphery of site A; (c) at the center of site B; (d) in the periphery of site B; (e) at the center of site C; (f) in he periphery of site C. 4. Conclusions aluminum alloy has an important effect on the filling ability; the higher the slurry temperature, the better is (1) The slurry temperature of the semi-solid A356 nts52 J. Univ. Sci TechnoL Beijing, VoLI5, No.1, Feb 2008 the filling ability, and the appropriate slurry tempera- ture for rheo-filling is in the range of 585-595C. (2) The injection pressure has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-filling when the injection pressure is in the range of 15-25 MPa . (3) The piston velocity has a great effect on the filling ability, and it is appropriate to the rheo-filling when the piston velocity is in the range of 0.072-0.12 dS. (4) The filling ability of the slurry prepared by low superfieat pouring with weak electromagnetic stirring is very good, and the microstructural distribution in the rheo-formed die castings is homogeneous, which is advantageous to the hgh quality die casting. References 11 M.C. Flemings, Behavior of metal alloys in the semi-solid state, Metall. Trans. 22A(1991), No.5, p.957. 121 M.C. Flemings, R.G. hek, and K.P. Young, Rheocasting. Mater. Sci. Eng., 25( 1976), p.103. 131 W.M. Mao, Semi-solid Metal Process (in Chmese), China Machine Press, Beijing, 2004, p.5, 4 T. Kaneuchi, R. Shibata, and M. Ozawa, Development of new semi-solid metal casting process for automotive sus- pension parts, in Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Com- positions, Tsukuba. 2002, p. 145. 5 N. Wang and K.K. Wang, A study of rheomolded parts of No.2 die casting alloy at semi-solid state, in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Semi-Solid Proc- essing of Alloys and Compositions, Golden. Colorado, 1998, p.521. 161 Z. Fan, S. Ji, and M.J. Bevis, Twin-screw rheomolding a new semi-solid processing te

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