2010研究生入学英语试题.doc

郑州大学2010年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语试题(A卷）I. Listening Comprehension (40%)This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first answer the questions in your test booklet, not on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto the ANSWER SHEET.If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW, as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.Part AYou will hear a radio program. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 10 by circling True (T) or False (F). You will hear what he says ONLY ONCE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.1. Professor Ernest Watson was answering questions on the radio program on the subject of learning a foreign language.TRUE/FALSE2. Mr. Humphries often went to Spain on holiday to practice his Spanish.TRUE/FALSF3. Mr. Humphries has been learning Spanish for four years.TRIJE/FALSE4. Mr. Humphries wanted to know how to improve his speaking and listening in Spanish.TRUE/FALSE5. Mr. Humphries didnt buy the BBC book, because he has watched quite a lot of the BBC TV programs.TRUE/FALSE6. Professor Watson compared learning a language to driving a car.TRUE/FALSE7. Mr, Humphries doesnt want to practice oral Spanish with other students in the class because they would make the same mistakes as he does.TRUE/FALSE8. It seems to Professor Watson that Mr. Humphries has got confused between learning a foreign language and practicing it.TRUB/FALSE9. According to Professor Watson, Mr. Humphries could improve his Spanish listening ability by speaking to Spanish speakers in London.TRUE/FALSE10. According to Professor Watson, learning to speak a foreign language is an extremely difficult business, so you need a huge vocabulary and lots of practice.TRUE/FALSEYou now have 20 seconds to check your answers to Questions 110. That is the end of Part A.Part BYou will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.Questions 11 to 13 are based on a conversation between an executive and his secretary, Brenda.You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 to 1311. What did the man ask the woman to do yesterday?(A) To arrange a job interview.(B) To watch the evening news on TV.(C) To advertise a job in newspapers.(D) To contact the junior sales manager12. What kind of person is the man looking for?(A) A college graduate of business.(B) A young man with a few A levels.(C) A college graduate of English. (D) A young man with a degree.13. What does the woman think of the mans requirements?(A) Unrealistic.(B) Sensible.(B) Reasonable.(D) Ambiguous.You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 11 to 13.Questions 14 to 16 are based on a radio program from BBC. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 to 16.14. The news item could be entitled .(A) “Solar-powered Cycle Race” (B) “The World Challenge”(C) “Solar-powered Car Race”(D) “Future of the Motor Car”15. why is the World Competition held in Australia this year?(A) Because Australia is located in the southern hemisphere.(B) Because Australia has taken the lead of the technology in the world(C) Because Australia is blessed with much sunshine.(D) Because Australia is an ideal place with the length across its outback some 3,000 kilometers.16. On average, the vehicles speed stood at kilometers an hour when the race first started decades ago.(A) 38(B) 67(C) 100(D) 200You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14 to 16.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following interview with Mr. Simon James, abanker, about his own experience of being successful.You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 to 20.17. Why did Simon go into banking?(A) To fulfill an ambition.(B) To be different from his brothers.(C) To follow in his fathers footsteps. (D) To show his intelligence.18. How did Simon say he became successful?(A) By offering bank managers his good ideas.(B) By placing trust in his clients.(C) By working wholeheartedly for the clients.(D) By listening to advice from other people.19. When Simon suddenly became famous, how did he feel?(A) Tired with so many radio and television interviews.(B) Disturbed by the constant attention from the press.(C) Worried that ordinary people would envy his fortune.(D) Threatened by reports finding out about his wealth.20. Which positive aspect of being famous does Simon mention?(A) Receiving praise from other people.(B) Reading nice things about himself in the paper.(C) Gaining publicity for his business.(D) Getting more invitations from his friends.You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17 to 20. That is the end of Part B.Part CYou will hear an interview. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21 to 30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21 to 30.21. How many guests are invited for the “Michael Parkhust Talkabout” program tonight?22. According to some pessimistic forecasts, the world will run out of its oil in .23. The first two guests, Professor Marvin Burnham and Jennifer Hughes, mainly discuss the pros and cons of 24. In order to conserve fossil fuels, Professor Marvin Burnham strongly suggests that should be the safest power to resort to.25. According to Professor Marvin Burnham, we will go back to the if we turn our backs on nuclear research.26. Its nuclear accident, and terrorism that make Jennifer Hughes consider the alternative energy unnecessary.27. Dr Catherine Woodstock is the of several books on alternative technology.28. According to Dr Catherine Woodstock, human beings will not continue living on the Earth unless we conduct related research and start working on sources of energy.29. Which ministry does Charley Wicks, a member of Parliament, come from in the country?30. What attitude does Charles Wicks develop towards the pessimistic forecast or estimate that the world will run out of energy resources?You now have 1 minute and 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 21 to 30.That is the end of Part C. You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to the ANSWER SHEET.That is the end of Listening Comprehension.II. Vocabulary (10%)Directions: There are 10 sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET31. The neighbors do not consider him quite as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing.(A) respected(B) respectable (C) respective(D) respectful32. Since it is late to change my mind now, I am to carrying out the plan.(A) committed (B) obliged(C) engaged (D) resolved33. The leaders of the two countries feel it desirable to funds from armaments to health and education.(A) derive(B) change(C) convert(D) divert34. The board of Directors decided that more young men who were qualified would be important positions.(A) attributed to(B) furnished with(C) installed in(D) inserted into35. The lady who has for a night in the dead of the winter later turned out to be a distant relation of his.(A) put him up(B) put him out(C) put him on(D) put him in36. The governments policies in the past years have shown a(n) in emphasizing the necessity of improving the peasants livelihood.(A) exaltation (B) coherence (C) agony(D) behavior37. The study shows that laying too much emphasis on exams is likely to students enthusiasm in learning English.(A) hold back (B) hold off(C) hold out(D) hold down38. The gap between those at the lowest level and those at the highest level of income had increased , and is continuing to increase.(A) successfully (B) succinctly (C) substantially (D) sufficiently 39. One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its abilities to further research and further thinking about a particular topic.(A) invent(B) stimulate(C) renovate(D) advocate40. It is doubtful whether anyone can be a truly observer of events. .(A) inadequate (B) impassive(C) genius(D) impartialIII. Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing (A), (B), (C) or (D). Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1While many technological advances occur in an evolutionary manner, occasionally a revolutionary technological appears on the horizon that creates startling new conditions and profound changes. Such is the case with the privately developed Moller Skycar, which is named after its inventor. The ruggedized (加固的) Moller Skycar variant the military is evaluating is called the light aerial multipurpose vehicle, or LAMV.The LAMV is a vertical take-off and landing aircraft that can fly in a quick, quiet, and agile manner. It is a new type of vehicle that combines the speed of an airplane and the vertical take-off capability of a helicopter with some characteristics of a ground vehicle, but without the limitations of any of those existing modes of transportation. The LAMV is not operated like traditional fixed or rotary-wing aircraft. It has only two hands, which the operator uses to direct the redundant computer control system to carry out desired flight maneuvers. The left-hand control twists to select the desired operating altitude and moves fore and aft to select the rate of climb. The right-hand control twists to select the vehicles direction and moves side-to-side to provide transverse (横向的) movement during the hover and early-transition-to-flight phases of operation; it also moves fore and aft to control speed and braking. Simply put, the LAMV is user friendly.The LAMV design incorporates a number of safety features. For starters, the LAMV has multiple engines. Unlike any light helicopter or airplane, the LAMV has multiple engine nacelles (机舱), each with two computer-controlled Rota power engines. These engines operate independently and allow for a vertical controlled landing should either fail.The LAMV is aerodynamically stable. In the unlikely event that sufficient power is not available to land vertically, the LAMVs stability and good glide slope allow the operator to maneuver to a safe area before using the air-frame parachutes (降落伞). Since computers contro1 the LAMVs flight during hover and transition, the only operator input is to control speed and direction. Undesirable movements caused by wind gusts are prevented automatically.The LAMVs potential military uses will be numerous. They include aerial medical evacuation., aerial reconnaissance (侦查), command and control, search and rescue, insertion of special operations forces, air assault operations, airborne operations, forcible-entry operations, military police mobility and maneuver support, communications retransmission, battlefield distribution for unit resupply, transport of individual and crew replacements, weapons platform, noncombatant evacuation operations, battlefield contractor transport, and battle damage assessment.Of course, the LAMV brings with it some obvious challenges. Its limited payload will be a negative factor. Its use will complicate Army airspace command and control. How the LAMV will be used in conjunction with forces under the joint force air component commander will have to be determined. LAMV support issues also require resolution. For example, operator selection and training, leader training, employment doctrine, LAMV basis-of-issue plans, and LAMV life-cycle management all require the Armys attention.41. According to the passage, LAMV .(A) is developed by an academy (B) cant fly as fast as an airplane(C) can take off upright and fly fast (D) is applied in civil transportation42. Light helicopter or airplane may .(A) have two hands to control its speed and direction (B) have less engine nacelles than LAMV and therefore less security (C) have no computer-controlled Rota power engines in its system (D) lack flexible computer control in its taking off and landing43. What should the operator of LAMV do when power for vertical landing is insufficient?(A) He should ask the monitoring center for help via computer.(B) He must leave the aircraft immediately with the help of parachutes.(C) He can effectively control the aircraft with some simple input.(D) He just waits LAMV to regain enough power for landing.44. Which of the following can be a possible disadvantage of LAMV?(A) Few people would support the application of LAMV.(B) Not all forces are willing to be commanded jointly.(C) Army airspace command and control would be in disorder.(D) LAMV can only carry a small crew or little cargo.Passage 2The world may be becoming a more female-friendly place but corporate boardroom are not, with women holding under 3 per cent of top management jobs in Western firms, according to a United Nations survey issued recently. The report entitled Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling: Women in Management, is published by the International Labor Organization (ILO). The report, subtitled as Progress and obstacles to womens equal professional and managerial status, presents the most recent trends on the situation of women in professional and managerial jobs. It also highlights some of the institutional and attitudinal prejudices that continue to hamper (妨碍) womens progress into top jobs, and it describes good practices in support of women managers. Women make up over 40 per cent of the worlds workforce, but even when they make it through the “glass ceiling” an invisible barrier of male-dominated prejudices and networks they earn far less than men, the ILO report said.“Almost universally, women have failed to reach leading position in major corporations and private sector organizations, irrespective of their responsibilities,” said author Linda Wirth. “The higher the position, the more glaring the gender gap.” The ILO said men traditionally rely on “old boy” networks to climb up the ladder. Women are more “invisible” in the corporate world because they are less keen on informal gatherings. They are also fighting a losing battle against sexual harassment.A British study found that women in one company subjected to continuing sexual harassment and bullying failed to achieve promotion whatever strategy they used, “protesting and complaining earned them the label of feminist and whining (抱怨), while trying to be one of the men invited further harassment,” the ILO report said.A survey of 300 companies in Britain last year found that just 3 per cent of board members were women. In the FTSE top 10 companies listed in Britain, Women held just 4 percent of directors posts, while female managers earned just 71 per cent of the salary of their male counterparts, the ILO report said.British female managers as a whole earned 83 per cent of the salaries of their male counterparts putting them ahead of their counterparts in most other countries.The situation in Germany was no better. A survey of 70,000 largest companies found that women there held just 1 to 3 per cent of the top executive and boardroom positions. The ILO also reported that the comparatively high proportion of women executives in large French companies 13 per cent was now falling again from the 80s levels.45. According to the ILO report, .(A) women still face serious work problem at all levels of western firms(B) women no longer face work problems except in top management levels(C) there are serious problems facing women, especially in the boardrooms of Western firms(D) women are having a better time in the world, except in the boardrooms of western firms46. What does the report mean by the term “glass ceiling”?(A) A level beyond which women cant really be promoted.(B) A barrier of prejudices and networks that exists in some companies.(C) A barrier of prejudice that men pretend does not exist.(D) A level that women are trying to reach despite the difficulties put in their way. 47. The ILO report .(A) is optimistic, in that once women break into top positions, they do well(B) is pessimistic, in that even the few women who get top positions have smaller salaries(C) is optimistic, because there is a growing realization that women in top positions do very well(D) is pessimistic, because no women ever reach the highest positions in western boardrooms48. Which of the following strategies did women not use in their fight against sexual harassment?(A) Complaining. (B) Sexual harassment.(C) Protesting.(D) Trying to be friendly.Passage 3When Robert Shiller, a Yale economist and bestselling author, told a crowd of finance professors and economics students last spring that only 10 percent of his money was invested in stocks, they gasped.Managers might suggest anywhere from 50 to 90 percent. But 10 percent? This was heresy.How about 0 percent?Thats the share that investors should plow into domestic stocks, according to Ben Inker, director of asset allocation for Grantham, Mayo, and Van Otterloo & Co. (GMO), a money-management firm with some $85 billion in assets.Welcome to a contrarian v