广东省佛山市中大附中三水实验中学八年级英语上册《主谓一致归纳》课件 外研版.ppt

中考复习系列主谓一致归纳 一致 是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性 数等方面应保持一致 主谓一致 是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称 性 数上保持一致 即主语是复数 谓语也用复数形式 如are were have等 主语是单数 谓语要用单数形式 如 is was has works等 在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则 语法一致 意义一致 就近一致 1 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念 一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数 由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时 谓语动词用复数 theworkerandwriterisfromwuhan 那个工人兼作家 theworkerandthewriterarefrombeijing 那位工人和那位作家 常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有 theneedleandthread针线saltandwater盐和水thefolkandknife刀叉ironandsteel钢铁timeandtide岁月 时间和潮水 breadandbutterisadailyfoodinthewest bothcathyandherdaughterlindahavegonefishingincanada 2 everyoneofoneofeachofeitherof 复数名词作主语 谓语用单数 eachofthestudentshasabook 3 表示时间 距离 金钱等复数名词作主语 表达一个整体概念时 谓语用单数 twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown 4 every and every each and each no and no manya and manya 连接两个单数名词作主语 谓语用单数 everydeskandeverychairismadeofwood manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake 5 集体名词class family army team club population enemy party crowd majority crew audience public government group等作主语 强调整体用单数 指个体成员用复数 hisfamilyisinharbin hisfamilyaremusiclovers thisclassconsistsof45students mr greenteachesit thisclassarealldiligent mr greenteachesthem theteamisthebestintheleague 这个队在联赛中打得最好 thefootballteamarehavingbaths 足球队队员们在洗澡 1 hisfamily asmallone 2 hisfamily fatandshort a is isb are arec is ared are is 此题应选c family是一个集合名词 具有单数 侧重指整体 和复数 侧重指个体 两种可能 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法 1 有的集合名词总是用作单数 不可数 clothing衣服 poetry诗歌 baggage luggage行李 furniture家俱 scenery景色等 2 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义 但不用复数形式 people人 police警察 cattle牲口等 6 all none some any等不定代词作主语 根据其指代的内容而定 allarepresent allthefoodtastesgood 7 half most enough part therest thelast lots plenty 分数 百分数 of 名词 作主语 谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致 two thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbysea overtwentypercentofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar forty fivepercentofthedoctorswerewoman 8 由or either or neither nor notonly butalso等连接的并列主语 谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致 就近原则 notonlyhebutalsoiaminvited neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress 9 由therebe引导的句子 当主语不是一个时 谓语动词通常与最近的主语一致 notonlyibutjaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother 89 a isb arec amd be 析 由 or either or neither nor not but notonly butalso 连接两个并列主语时 动词与靠近的主语保持一致 b 10 主语后跟 with alongwith togetherwith including but except like among aswellas nomorethan besides ratherthan 名词 结构时 谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致 theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift a isofferedb hasofferedc areofferedd haveoffered 谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致 wechinese ahard workingpeople a isb arec isbeingd arebeing 此题应选b 这里应注意的是 我们通常说的是主谓一致 即谓语与主语保持一致 而不是表谓一致 即不是谓语与表语一致 本题意为 我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族 注意以下类似例子 thesetwodictionariesareapresentformybestfriendjim theplanetsweretheobjectofhisstudy themostimportantthingineedisbooks thecountry sleadingexportiswatches thebestpartofthemealisthecoffeeandcookies 1 youorhetheteacherofenglish 2 neithermysisternormymother presentatthemeeting a are wasb is werec are ared is is a whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet 91 a isnotdecidedb arenotdecidedc hasnotdecidedd havenotdecided 析 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时 谓语动词用单数 a i notyou inthewrong notibuthe beeninvited a were haveb were hasc was hasd was have 有否定形式加入时 动词看肯定形式 c every并列使用时 动词取单数 everyboyandeverygirl thateachdayandeachhourbrings duty a know theirb knows theirc knows itsd know its b e mail aswellastelephones animportantpartindailycommunication 99上海2 a isplayingb haveplayedc areplayingd play 1 oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity a isb arec amd be2 neithermywifenorimyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind a isb arec amd be 3 notonlyibutalsojaneandmary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother a isb arec amd be4 nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm a isb arec amd be 5 awomanwithsomechildren soon a iscomingb arecomingc hascomed havecome6 nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis a knowb knowsc isknownd areknown 7 theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready a hasreadb havereadc arereadingd isreading8 allbutone intheaccident a waskilledb werekilledc willbekilledd arekilled 9 thenumberofpe