高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练题（12）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练题（12）及答案社会生活型阅读理解(一)-(一)ive spent over a year in india, and in those 365 plus days, ive learned a lot about getting around indian cities. my biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesnt mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what youre doing. below are the best ways to get around the city of delhi, india, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams (欺诈)taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of delhi and chances are, if you arrive in delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, youll be swarmed by indian taxi drivers. at the delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two delhi traffic police taxi booths. one is inside the airport, and one is outside. the key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.rickshaws are one of my favourite ways to get around indian cities, in part because its how the locals often travel. autorickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in old delhi. if you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. autorickshaw rates around delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on the distance.if you really want to travel around delhi like the locals, take a public bus. indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. they are, however, very cheap. a bus trip wont set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. since indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.the train is a great way to get around within the city of delhi. fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. all departure announcements are in both hindi and english, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.1the author is trying to _ in delhi through this text. agive some advice of travellingbexpect us to travel aroundcshow his/her experiencesdexplain the difficulties of travelling2to avoid being cheated, you ought to _ if you want to take a taxi at the delhi airport.apay more to the drivers to keep safebshow your ticket to the drivercgo to a policerun boothdgo out of the airport 3the author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to _asave some moneybenjoy the comfortable tripcgain a unique experiencedhelp the local rickshaw drivers4what can we infer from the passage?ayou wont have to pay much if you travel around by bus in india.bit will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway.ca rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.dyoull have to speak english if you travel around in india.5which may be the topic that follows?ahotel recommendations in delhi.bweather conditions in delhi.cfood and drink in delhi.dcar rentals in delhi.(一)【要点综述】 本文作者就在印度德里旅行时的交通方面提出了几点建议。1a细节理解题。通读全文我们可以看出，作者在本文中给读者提出了一些建议，告诉读者在德里旅行时应注意的几个问题。因此，本文的写作目的是要给读者提出建议。2c细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句我们可以知道，在机场搭乘出租车时，应到警察经营的摊位。3c细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句我们可以知道，作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。4b推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句我们可以知道，为了上车后能有一个座位，作者建议最好从起点站上车。这就意味着如果中途上车的话，就很难有座位了。5d推理判断题。由本文第一段的最后一句可知，本文主要介绍关于德里交通方面避免受骗的几个建议。因此，在所给的几个选项当中，只有d项与交通有关。据此，我们可以确定后面接着讨论的最有可能是汽车租赁业务。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】ctechnology has been an encouragement of historical change.it acted as such a force in england beginning in the eighteenth century，and across the entire western world in the nineteenth.rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture(制造) of goods，which has changed ideas about work.one of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time.people also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product：each nail was exactly like every other nail，meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail.this means that goods could be mass production，although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.once this was done，workers no longer started on the product and laboured to complete it.instead，they might work only one thousandth of it，other workers completing their own parts in certain order.there is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by todays standards.highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques，as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.but the skilled worker wasnt the only loser，the common workers lost too.similar changes forced farmers away.the increased mechanization(机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops.they had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.increasingly，standards were set by machines.workers no longer owned their own tools，their skill was no longer valued，and pride in their work was no longer possible.workers fed，looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.36in this passage，which of the following is not considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?aother forms of energy have taken the place of human power.bthe increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century.cthe increased use of machines to make products in less time.dthe use of machines producing parts of the same standard.37the underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to_.athe use of scientific findingsbthe practice of producing the same parts for a productcthe human power being replaced by other forms of energydthe technology becoming the encouragement of historical change38the underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to the change that_.aeach nail could be taken the place of by every other nailbeach nail was exactly like every other nailcproducing tasks became smaller and smallerdgoods could be mass produced39according to the writer，highly skilled workers_.acompletely disappeared with the coming of the factory systembwere dismissed by the bosscwere unable to produce goods of high standarddwere unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines40according to the passage，what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?amany of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.bthey stuck to their farm work.cthey refused to use machines. dthey did their best to learn how to use the machines.36b原文中并未说对工人剥削的增加，故选项b为正确答案。37c倒置的一个主要目的就是使句子间连接紧密，因此单词this指上一句的内容。38d在条件句中，this 指上文的内容：货物批量生产。39d可从第二段第四句知道d项为正确答案。40a可根据第二段第六句及第八句判断a项为正确答案。社会生活型阅读理解(一)- (二)life is to be enjoyed. theres no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better. when people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. the latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right：your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep. two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of peoples brains!your face receives more blood flow, so your_skin_glows more and wrinkles less. you look younger and more attractive. in contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. this is why smokers look years older than they really are.your genes change. in may, a study was published in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes.your telomeres (染色体端粒) get longer. telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. as telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening our lives.besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. the researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. the women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. on the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres.in other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.1which of the following are good for lengthening ones life, according to the passage? eat healthy food drink plenty of water take exercise get up early go to sleep early release ones stressabcd2the underlined words “your skin glows” in paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to “_”ayour skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshinebyour skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in itcyour skin looks pink as you are healthydyour skin becomes soft as you exercise enough3in the authors opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes except _abrains becoming cleverer bfaces having fewer wrinklescarteries turning narrowerdgenes being changed4from the last but one paragraph we learn that _amothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled childbmothers dont know how to handle stress effectivelycsome women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating childrendmothers positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress5the best title for the passage would be “_”aeat better, live betterbfeel better, live longercless stress, fewer diseasesdsmoke more, age sooner(二)【要点综述】 本文是一篇调查报告，讲述了生活方式对健康的重要性。1a细节理解题。根据文章第一段“when people eat more healthfully，exercise，quit smoking，and manage stress better”可知答案。2c词义猜测题。根据前文信息“your face receives more blood flow”可知，glow 在文中的意思为“脸色红润”。故选择c项。3c推理判断题。根据文章第三段“smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries(动脉) to narrow down”可知，尼古丁使动脉变窄。故c项错误。4d推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句话以及后面的调查结果可知，母亲们对压力的态度对成功应付压力起着重要的作用。故d项正确。5b主旨大意题。综合文章第二至五段可以看出，当心情好时，新的神经细胞不断生长、动脉变宽、基因改变、染色体端粒变长，因此人的寿命也会相应地变长，所以选择b，其他选项都是片面的。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】d“if there is one thing im sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.it is not that newspapers are a necessity.even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.many buy a paper only on saturdays or sundays.but for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.”the nature of what is news may change.what basically makes news is what affects our livesthe big political stories，the coverage of the wars，earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same.i think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.its already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering.in the future，i think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we doas we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.its quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted electronically from fleet street and printed out in our own home.in fact, im pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.you will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to readsports and international news，etc.i think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition among the different media.they actually feed_off each other.some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers，but that hasnt h