北师大版高中英语模块五Unit 15 词汇学习.doc

Unit 15 Learning1. arrow n./ v.an arrow (箭头，箭号，箭) arrow toward the airportarrow ones way飞速前进2. oxygen / carbon dioxide / air / atmosphere3. tickTick yes or no to each question.4. ox /oxen / cattle/ cow / bull5. spell / spelling 6. backwards / forwardsHe looked backwards over his shoulder.7. correct /correctiona correct answer correct your pronunciationlook carefully at the correction(s)connect within connection withmake connections with8. simple / complex a simple question/ heartsimplify vt.Simplify a word by breaking it up into parts.simplifieda simplified version of the storysimplification9. break upSentences can be broken up into clauses. (分解；分割)The ship broke up on the rocks. (粉碎)The meeting broke up at 7. (结束)Their marriage is breaking up. (解散，分手)Police were called in to break up the meeting. (驱散)break down 崩溃；故障；垮掉break outbreak intobreak inbreak through突破；冲破；克服Lesson One1. qualify使具有资格,使合格；有资格，胜任This training course will qualify you for a better job. qualified有资格的，胜任的，合格的a qualified teacher/accountantqualification资格(证书),执照2. secure1. 安全的,无危险的(+from/against)Now my house is secure against burglary. 现在我的房子无被盗窃之危险。2. 安心的,无忧虑的(+about)You have made me feel secure. 你使我觉得放心。3. 有把握的,确定无疑的(+of)Our success is secure. 我们的成功是有把握的。securitypublic security公安部security guard 保安人员3.frankly speaking=to be frankhonestly speaking=to be honeststrictly speakingexactly speaking=to be exactpersonally speaking4.lay off解雇；下岗；不理会；停止活动lay off workerslaid-off workerslay off fatty foodHe has decided to lay off smoking.5.blank n. / adj.Sign your name in the blank space below.Fill in the blanks with the following words.Suddenly my mind went completely blank.My mind was a complete blank.blank chequego madgo hungrygo blindgo wrong6. swell (swelled, swollen)Her arm was beginning to swell up when the bee had stung her.Her heart swelled with pride as she knew her son was admitted into Beijing University.7. suspect v./ n./ adj.suspect sbs motivessuspect the truth of the statementI strongly suspect that they are trying to get rid of me.I suspected Tom to be a liar, for what he said was not true.The police suspected him of giving false evidence.8. lump a lump of / two lumps9. throathave a sore throat / in the throat10. status地位,身份CU; 情形,状况,状态CWomen have very little status in many countries.seek status the status of the job market at the moment11. chief主要的，首席的，总的chief editorSmoking is one of the chief causes of lung cancer.12. say / sayingMore haste匆忙, less speed, as the saying goes. 欲速则不达。13. postage U邮费 邮资airmail / surface air an airmail letterThe postage for airmail is 50 cents. 一封航空信的邮资是五十美分。Surface mail takes longer than airmail.14. user使用者、用户15. instructIve instructed them to keep the room locked.Ive instructed them on how to drive cars.My job is to instruct her in English.instructor教员;教练;指导者instructionIn this course students receive instruction in basic engineering. ( U传授)Follow the instructions on the packet carefully（pl. 用法说明，操作指南; 指示）instructive有教育意义的;有启发性的The lecture was instructive and interesting.16. aside from=apart fromAside from his nose, hes quite good-looking.Apart from the injuries to his face, he broke both legs.17. buryThe miners were buried alive when the tunnel collapsed.She buried her face in her hands and wept.Working as a shop assistant buried his musical talent.bury oneself in He buries himself in books.buried treasure18. alphabetThe English alphabet has 26 letters.19. distinguishdistinguish between A and Bdistinguish from A and B20. Heres what they have to say about.Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.Now comes your turn.(here, there, now, then, in, up, away, out, off, down.)The boy came in.In came the boy.In he came.The boy rushed out.Out rushed the boy.Out they rushed.21. people of various ages and backgrounds22. Its never too late to learn Its never too late to mend Its never too late to stop smoking.23. fail (in) the examfail to pass the exam24. graduate from Beijing University graduate in Civil Engineering25. by distance learningCan you jump that high?She had changed that much26. I felt as if I had done sth. wrong.It looks as if it is going to rain.He talks about America as if he had been there before.She treats him as if he were her own son.Tom raised his hands as if (he was) to say sth.27. set up set up a statue/tentThe government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.A fund will be set up for the dead mens families.set up a new recordset offHe set off for his remote farmhouse.set off the alarm/ a bombset off an event/ a chain reactionset aside (some money) set about doing=get down to doing set out to do28. I think that getting laid off will prove to be the best thing that ever happened to me.Can you prove it to me?prove sbs guilt/that sb is guiltyThe task proved to be more difficult than we had thought. (turn out to be)29.You cant teach an old dog new tricks.Love me, love my dog.Let sleeping dog lie.别多事Every dog has its day.风水轮流转30. go upThe price of petrol is going upNew office blocks are going up everywhere.被兴建31. I decided that it was time (that) I became an Internet user.It is time (that) you went to bed.It is high time (that) the students set off for the camp.It is time for sb. to doIt is time for the students to set off for the camp.It is time for class.32. at a speed of 33. I really enjoyed the speed at which my messages get sent and answered. get laid offget promotedget boredget marriedget changedget chargedget caught in the rainget stuck in traffic jamsget lostget separated34. in person = in the flesh35. switch off = turn offLesson Two1. drilltense drillsboring drillsThere will be a fire drill sometime tomorrow.2. mottoschool mottoLive and let live. 待人宽容、和平共处That is my motto.3. conservative adj./ n.She is very conservative and does not like modern fashions.He belongs to the Conservative Party.4. assign vt.The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.They have assigned their best man to the job.5. assignment / homeworkcomplete three written assignments6.alternative n./adj.You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.We had no alternative but to accept the offer. (choice)Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?alternative lifestylesalternative energy7. paceto set off at a steady paceIt is difficult to keep up with the rapid pace of change.We encouraged all students to work at their own pace. keep pace with 与并驾齐驱/步调一致7.outstanding/ excellentan outstanding player8. punish / punishmentavoid punishment= being punished9. reflect反映；映出（影像）The still water reflected the full moon. 显示，表明，表达（事物的自然属性或人们的态度、情感等）That choice reflects your good taste. 反射（声、光、热等）reflect the heatreflect on the matter 认真思考reflectionYour clothes are often a reflection of your personality.10. slighta slight differenceHe is, without the slightest doubt, the greatest living novelist.They didnt allow even the slightest loose conduct.not in the slightest = not at allHe didnt seem to mind in the slightest.slightly11. loosea loose button/toothCheck that the plug has not come loose.a loose shirta loose leafloose conductloosen vt.12. obey / disobeyobey rules /the law /an order13. mild a mild punishmenta mild climateShe is a very mild-mannered person.14. selectWe must select the best players for the school team.Hilary always selects the best fruit in the market. Now the competition to get selected for university is much greater. selected works 选集 selected poems 诗选 selection15. to a certain extent = to some extent to a certain degree = to some degreeTo a certain extent you are right.To what extent can he be believed?To such an extent that16. misunderstandDont misunderstand me - I am grateful for all youve done.misunderstanding (of/about sth) (between A and B)There must be some misunderstanding.Its no more than a misunderstanding.17. test-focusedlearner-centeredOur school took a learner-centered approach to teaching18. hand outhand out papers 分发hand out advice 提出建议hand out punishment 给出惩罚They are not there to hand out punishment.hand in homeworkhand downstories handed down from generation to generationhand over移交hand on to = pass on tohand on the magazine to me19.Founded in 1896, “Tredona School” is proud of its long list of outstanding past students. _in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the US.A. Being founded B. It was foundedC. Founded D. founding Encouraged by his words, I wanted to try again.Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.20. Our goal is to contribute to the students whole being by giving each of them real- life skills.ones whole being 全身心21. place importance on attach importance toWe attach great importance to the project.22. give preference to sb. 优先考虑We give preference to applicants with some experience.23. what will become of sb./sth.What will become of my child?I wonder what become of the people who lived next door.24. take things easy take it easytake your time25. I think that this approach prepares us better for university.26. in a bad mood/in a good mood27. go over28. put off = delayLesson Three1. in sbs eyes=in the eyes of. look sb in the eye an eye for an eye fix ones eyes onkeep an eye on sb/sthWeve asked the neighbors to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away.2. give presentations to the class3. The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!All these figures add up to 200.Please add up all these figures and see3.a subject (which is)full of strange words4.He used to explain things with practical examples and simplified things that seemed difficult.5he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.It was great fun.pourPour some milk into the jar.Blood was pouring from the wound.Let me pour you a glass of wine.Its pouring down.Letters of complaint poured in.flameThe whole building went up in flamesThe house was in flames.Pour oil on the flames.set offDo be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.I accidentally pressed the button and set off the alarm clock.They set off on a journey round the world.6.but it was probably because I lacked confidence.lackHe lacks courage/creativity. vt.They lacked for nothing. viHe seems to be lacking in humour. adj.He hasnt finished the painting for lack of time. n.A lack of water caused the plant to grow weak.7.ask for his opinion8.Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage.catch sb. doing sth.spit spit spit / spit spat spat / spittingIt is considered rude to spit in publicHe took one sip of the wine and spat it out.9. The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his school bag behind him and looking bored.drag oneself home/alongHe dragged the heavy chest across the floor.Dont try to drag me into your plan.The police dragged the football fans off the pitch.drawpullDraw/pull your chair a little closer.draw ones attention10. He was very bright and should have done much better in all his other subjects.I should have been kinder to my fellow students.The government should have put more money towards science education.11decrease the size of classes-its not easy doing lessons in labs with big groups and it must be even worse in the poorer schools.He works even harder than before.(even, still, much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly, far, by far, yet)12. The thing about a teacher is that you have access to childrens minds when they are open and eager to learn.accessStudents must have access to good libraries.Only high officials had access to the president.The only access to school was across a river.13turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult14. then I know what Im doing is worthwhile.Nursing is a very worthwhile career.Its worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.Its worthwhile visiting BeijingIts worthwhile to visit Beijing.be (well) worth doing/sthbe worthy of sthbe worthy to do sth. sth. be worthy to be done be worthy of doing sth.sth. be worthy of being doneLesson Four1. acquire / inquire / requireWe acquire knowledge by observing the world, studying the facts and testing answers to find the right ones.acquire a good knowledge of EnglishHe has acquired a reputation for dishonestylanguage acquisition .kwizin2. be/get/become accustomed to doing sth.= be used to doingYoull soon get accustomed to studying here.She was not accustomed to mixing with people of high social ranks.3. rank等级；排；军衔people of all ranksHe was ranked second in his age group.The university is ranked No.1 in the world for engineering.4. religion/ religious5. defend defend our country against enemyto defend the bordersdefence = defense self-defenceSome soldiers died in defence of their e to ones own defence开始进行自我保护the Department of Defence国防部6. tend toThe church and many people tended to ignore the facts thatWomen tend to live longer than men.People tend to think thattend (to)She tended him day and night until he began to recover.tendencyBoys have a strong tendency to fight than girls.There is a tendency to/ towards regional cooperation.7. ignore vt.忽视；不理睬We cannot afford to ignore their advice.She ignored him and carried on with her work.ignorance of/ about 无知，愚昧；不知be ignorant of 无知的，没有学问的；不知道的，不了解He is ignorant of what happened. 他不知道发生了什么事。8. be willing to dobe unwilling to do9. assume假设，认为；呈现（外观，样子），采取；承担，取得Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.I had assumed him to be an American.He assumed an air of concern.（put on）assume the role of CEOassumed name化名It was impossible to make assumptions about peoples reaction.10. approve vt.The Congress approved the bill.The course is approved by the Department for Educationapprove ofDo you approve of my idea?He doesnt approve of me leaving school this year.approval U 批准;认可The plan had the approval of the school authorities.计划得到学校当局的认可。11. urgeShe urged him to stay.The report urged that all children be taught to swim.I had a sudden urge to hit him.12.inspireinspire sb to do=encourage sb to doinspired inspiringinspiration13. shadow c./un./ shade un.The shadows影子 lengthened as the sun went down.The ships sail cast a shadow阴影 on the water.I dont want to cast a shadow on their happiness.Her face was in deep shadow. U 背光处；阴暗处sit in the shade U 阴凉处；背阴14. conventional thought传统的，惯例的 conventional behaviour / approaches conventional forces / weapons15. vital / very important or necessaryThe police play a vital role in our society.Vitamins are vital for/ to health.Reading is of vital importance in language learning.It is vital that we (should ) move quickly.16. benefit/ benefit from beneficialA good diet is beneficial to health.17. image （头脑中的）形象，概念；影像；肖像His public image is very different from the real person.The ads are intended to improve the companys image.He stared at his own image reflected in the water.18. focus on19. reference words20. work out meaning21. to start withTo start with we have not enough money, and secondly we are too busy.The club had only 6 members to start with.Well have melon to start with.22 .go againstHer thinking goes against all logic.go against nature23.hold an important rank under King James24but his true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic details of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge.25. At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people (like Galileo Galilei,) (who proved scientific ideas such as “the earth