目 录
1 绪论……………………………………………………………………………(1)
1.1国内外变速器发展现状………………………………………………………(1)
1.2先进的变速器设计方法的意义………………………………………………(2)
2 变速器的构造与工作原理…………………………………………………… (3)
2.1变速器的功用…………………………………………………………………(3)
2.2变速器的分类…………………………………………………………………(3)
2.2.1按传动比级数分……………………………………………………………(3)
2.3变速器的工作原理……………………………………………………………(3)
2.3.1变速原理……………………………………………………………………(4)
2.4齿轮变速器的变速传动机构…………………………………………………(5)
2.4.1三轴式五挡变速器…………………………………………………………(5)
3 变速中间轴的刚度计算与故障分析………………………………………… (7)
3.1中间轴设计……………………………………………………………………(7)
3.1.1中间轴设计的设计任务与要求……………………………………………(7)
3.1.2轴的计算……………………………………………………………………(8)
3.2变速器常见故障分析与排除……………………………………………… (12)
3.2.1掉挡……………………………………………………………………… (12)
3.2.2乱挡……………………………………………………………………… (13)
3.2.3挂挡困难………………………………………………………………… (13)
3.2.4变速器异向……………………………………………………………… (14)
3.3中间轴轴断裂分析………………………………………………………… (15)
4 有限元分析ANSYS……………………………………………………………(16)
4.1 ANSYS简介及其分析流程……………………………………………………(16)
4.1.1 ANSYS简介…………………………………………………………………(16)
4.1.2 ANSYS分析流程……………………………………………………………(16)
4.2利用ANSYS直接建模…………………………………………………………(17)
4.2.1中间轴的几何建模……………………………………………………… (17)
4.3变速器的中间轴静力强度分析…………………………………………… (21)
4.3.1中间轴单元类型的选择以及单元划分………………………………… (21)
4.3.2中间轴的材料属性……………………………………………………… (22)
4.3.3中间轴的载荷及约束加载……………………………………………… (23)
4.3.4中间轴的静力强度计算和结果分析…………………………………… (23)
4.3.5小结……………………………………………………………………… (27)
5 变速器中间轴的振动分析 ………………………………………………… (28)
5.1机械因素…………………………………………………………………… (28)
5.2振动测试…………………………………………………………………… (28)
6 结论……………………………………………………………………………(30)
致谢………………………………………………………………………………(31)
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………(32)
中型客车变速器中间轴的静力学分析
摘 要:中型客车变速器中间轴是最容易发生脆断的一个关键部件,客车变速器多是从货运汽车的变速器移植过来的 ,需要针对客车的实际使用工况来进行优化。中间轴组件,具有极其复杂的结构,而且没有成熟的计算方法,我们用ANSYS有限元设计软件中的静力分析来对它进行设计,模拟它的受力及约束情况,最后计算结果表明应力分布合理。设计中出现了应力集中引起的大应力问题,和共振对应力影响的问题,都做出了解释和说明。变速器的轴系结构是一个三套轴结构,也先用传统方法来设计,我们用ANSYS有限元设计软件中的模态分析方法对它进行设计,算出实际转速要远大于轴系的自身最低临界频率,轴系安全。
关键词:变速器 中间轴 静力学
The static analysis
of the study on medium-bus transmission countershaft
Abstract: Intermediate shaft transmission medium-sized bus is the most prone to brittle fracture of a key components, Bus transmission from the freight car is more than the transmission of the transplant, the need for the practical use of buses to optimize working conditions. Intermediate shaft components is the major work of bus transmission parts, is extremely complex structure, and there is no mature method of calculation, we use ANSYS FEM design software in the static analysis to its design, simulation and its binding force , Final results showed that the stress distribution reasonable. Design of a stress concentration caused by the stress, and stress on the resonance of the question, have made explanations and justifications. Transmission of the shaft structure is a three-axis structure, Yexian the traditional approach to design, we use ANSYS FEM design software in the modal analysis it was designed to calculate the actual speed of the shaft itself far greater than the minimum threshold Frequency and shaft security.
Key words:Transmission; Intermediate shaft; Statics




