缺乏症和中毒(1).ppt

DfficienciesandToxicities缺乏症和中毒 Deficiencies缺乏 Water salttoxicity 水 食盐中毒 whenwaterisprovidedafteralongperiodofdeprivation当水长期缺乏后才供给时blindness seizuresandopisthotonous失明 癫痫和 eosinophiliaonmeningesseenonhistopathology利用病理组织学方法可以发现脑膜嗜酸性粒细胞noefficacioustherapy无有效的治疗方法 Deficiencies缺乏 Protein蛋白质fattercarcasses poorfeedcoversion poormilkingability muscledegeneration paleandpoorhaircoat胴体脂肪增多 饲料转化降低 泌乳能力降低 肌肉变性 苍白和被毛粗乱maybeduetoanaminoacidimbalanceoralackofprotein可能是氨基酸失衡或蛋白质缺乏所致 Deficiences缺乏 Vitamins Minerals维生素 矿物质 premixdeficiency预混料缺乏 excitable tail bitingorurinedrinking兴奋 咬尾或饮尿 prolongeddeficiencyshowspoorgrowthrates feedefficiencyandparakeratosisleadingtoexudativeepidermitis长期的缺乏表现为生长率低 饲料利用率低和角化不全导致的渗出性皮炎 Deficiencies缺乏 Calcium PhosphorusandVitaminD钙 磷和维生素D ricketsingrowingpigsorosteomalaciainmaturepigs生长猪群发生佝偻病或成年猪群发生骨软症 posteriorparalysisduetofracturesinthelumbarregion腰部的骨折导致后躯麻痹 Deficiencies缺乏 SodiumandChlorine钠和氯 poorappetiteandroughhaircoat食欲不振和被毛粗乱 Deficiencies缺乏 Iodine碘 farrowedpigsareweakandhaveenlargedthyroids乳猪体弱和甲状腺增生 Deficiencies缺乏 IronandCopper铁和铜 palemembranes edema roughhaircoat可视粘膜苍白 水肿 被毛粗乱 microticanemia小细胞性贫血 Deficiencies缺乏 Zinc锌 parakeratosisandpoorgrowth角化不全和生长不良 canbeinducedbyexcessivecalcium可导致钙过剩 Deficiencies缺乏 VitaminE Selenium维生素E 硒 suddendeathandsometimesedema espperirenal 猝死和有时候出现水肿 尤其肾周围 mulberryheartdiseaseandhepatosisdietetica桑椹心和肝坏死 Deficiencies缺乏 VitaminA维生素A incoordination night blindness paralysisofrearlimbs共济失调 夜盲症 后肢麻痹 Deficiencies缺乏 Riboflavin核黄素 维生素B2 poorreproduction seborrheaandcataracts繁殖低下 皮脂溢出和白内障 Deficiencies缺乏 Niacin烟酸 diarrhea weightlossandeardermatitis腹泻 消瘦 外耳炎 necroticenteritis坏死性肠炎 Deficiencies缺乏 PantothenicAcid泛酸 goose stepping ataxiaanddiarrhea鹅步 共济失调和腹泻 inflammationofthecolon结肠炎 Deficiencies缺乏 Choline胆碱 slowgrowthandsmalllittersize生长缓慢和每窝产仔数少 fattyliver脂肪肝 Deficiencies缺乏 Biotin生物素 smallerlittersize hoofcracksandscalyskin每窝产仔数少 蹄甲龟裂和肌肤甲错 Toxicities中毒 Calcium 1 5 钙 1 5 depressedfeedintakeandparakeratosis采食量减少和角化不全 withlimitedphosphorus poorbonestrength伴磷缺乏 骨无力 Toxicities中毒 Iron 5000mg kg铁 5000mg kg lowfeedintake ricketsduetopoorphosphorusabsorption摄食量少 由磷吸收不良引起的软骨症 Toxicities中毒 Zinc 2000mg kg锌 2000mg kg arthritis gastritisandenteritis关节炎 胃炎和肠炎 Toxicities中毒 Selenium 6mg kg硒 6mg kg dogsitting hairlossandhoofloss犬坐 被毛脱落和蹄甲脱失 Toxicities中毒 Arsenic 1000mg kg砷 1000mg kg blindness ataxia paralysisanderythema失明 共济失调 瘫痪和红斑 Toxicities中毒 Vomitoxin 2ppm呕吐毒素 2ppm feedrefusal rarelyvomition拒食 罕见呕吐 treatedbyremoval dilution用去除毒物 稀释的方法治疗 Toxicities中毒 Zearalenone 5ppm玉米烯酮 0 5ppm enlargedreproductivetract anestrusandpoorlittersize产道扩张 不发情和每窝产仔数少 feedtogrowingpigs notsows可用以饲味生长猪 而不要用于经产母猪 Toxicities中毒 Aflatoxin 200ppb黄曲霉素 200ppb immunosuppression reducedgrowthandfeedefficiency免疫抑制 生长缓慢和饲料利用率降低 Toxicities中毒 Nitrate Nitrite1800mgNo3 kg 400mgN