2015年中考英语高频考点专题-专题19万能代词it（解析版） (2).doc

考点19 万能代词it聚焦考点温习理解人称代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个从句或一个句子，以避免它们在句中的重复。这时它可以指提到过的，也可以指未提到过的，在句中作主语或宾语。另外it还可以代替动词不定式做形式主语或形式宾语。主要用法如下：21世纪*教育网一做代词，代替刚提到的过的一件事情。 a. 可以指一个具体的东西。b. 可以指前面所谈的事情或情况. eg. a. Its a nice room. b.You promised to write the article, and you must do it. 【来源：21世纪教育网】二做代词代替指示代词 this, that eg. -Whats this? - Its a flag. 三起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物，it 所指的东西不很具体。 a.有时指某个动作的人。来源:21世纪教育网b .有时指引起某种情况的事物。 eg. a. -Who is knocking at the door? - Its me. b.Its the wind shaking the window. 21世纪教育网www-2-1-cnjy-com四指环境，情况等。 eg. Its very quiet at the moment. 五指自然现象（天气，气候，明暗等） eg. Is getting cold (dark, late, etc.). 21*cnjy*com六指季节，时间 eg. It was late autume (early spring, mid summer, etc). 21cnjycom七指距离 eg.Its only five miles (half an hours walk). 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】八做形式主语，代替不定式做主语，使原来的这些主语可以放在句子后部，避免头重脚轻。Eg.Its our duty to attend to this letter. 21*cnjy*com九做形式宾语，代替不定式做形式宾语，往往把动词不定式放在它的补足语后面，而用it做形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前. eg. I find it easy to learn English well.十it/that/one用法区别来源:21世纪教育网it主要指代前面提到的同一物；one用来指代前面出现的单数名词，相当于a/an+单数名词，表泛指概念，往往是同类而同一物；that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the单数/不可数名词名师点睛典例分类类型一、it代替动词不定式做形式主语或形式宾语【例1】My mother finds great fun to learn to drive a car. (苏州)21cnjy A. it B. this C. the D. what2-1-c-n-j-y【答案】A考点：it做形式宾语。【点睛】it作形式主语或形式宾语常与that，this， as等一起考查。that, this, as等均不能作形式主语或形式宾语。 【举一反三】1. is very important for us English well.A. This ; to learn B. It ; learning C. That ; learning D. It ; to learn 【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。It is important for sb to do sth意为“对某人来说做某事是很重要的”，it为一形式主语，为一固定句型；故选D。考点：考查常用句型。2. - What _ useful book!-Yes, it is. But I found_ difficult for me to read.A. an, it was B. a, its C. an, itsD. a, it【答案】D考点：考查冠词及it用法3. Wearing red makes _easy _us to take action. A. this; of B. it; for C. that; for D. it; of【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：穿红色使你容易采取行动。make it +形容词for sb todo sth，it 代替动词不定式做形式宾语，for sb是动词不定式的逻辑主语。根据句意，及结构，故选A.考点：考查固定句式的用法。类型二、it/that/one用法区别【例2】Yesterday I lost my pen. I couldnt find_. Oh, its a pity. Youd better buy _ this afternoon.A. it; it B. it; one C. one; it D. one; one【答案】B考点：考查代词。【点睛】it主要指代前面提到的同一物；one用来指代前面出现的单数名词，相当于a/an+单数名词，表泛指概念，往往是同类而同一物；that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词以避免重复。这是中考的一个热点。【举一反三】1. I cant find the pen I was given. Have you seen _? 2014徐州中考A. it B. one C. this D. that【答案】A【解析】试题解析：it指前文出现过的单数物或人；one常用来代替上文出现的属于同一类事物的单数名词；that多指电话中的对方或用在比较等级前替代前边的事物；this指上文中已提到的两点中的后一点，其前一点用that表示。根据句意;我找不到别人给我的钢笔了，你看到它了吗？可知是指上文钢笔，故选A。考点：代词辨析。2. - Mum, have you seen my mobile phone?-_ you bought last week? Im afraid I havent seen _21AThe one; it BThe one; one COne; it DOne; one【答案】 A考点：考查代词。类型三、it做代词的一般用法【例3】Wheres my watch?SorryI dont knowMaybe you put_on the table2014浙江台州中考 Ait Bher Chim Dthem【答案】A【解析】试题解析： -我的手表在哪里？-对不起，我不知道。也许你把它放在桌子上了。it代替前面出现的单数事物，故选it。考点：考查代词的用法。【点睛】代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。It经常指代上文出现的物，或指代时间，天气，距离等。在实际应用中我们要注意辨析。【举一反三】1. 一Two Evening Papers，please!0nly one copy leftWould you like to have_,sir? 2014盐城中考【出处：21教育名师】Aone Bit Cthis Dthat【答案】B考点：代词辨析。2. _ is a dog. _ name is Wangwang. I like _ very much.A. It; Its; it B. It; Its; it C. It; Its; its【答案】A【解析】试题分析：it是它。 its 它的。its. 它是。句意:它是一条狗。它的名字叫Wangwang。我非常喜欢它。结合语境可知选A。考点：代词辨析3. What are these?_.A. These are rulers B. Its an egg C. They are cakes【答案】C考点：考查交际英语。课时作业能力提升1.Of the two brothers, Bill is _ younger one, and he is a quiet boy, _ that most adults like very much.A. a; one B. a ; the one C. the; one D. the ; the one21教育网【答案】C【解析】one 和the one，前者是泛指，后者是特指。后句句子是a quiet boy的同位语，因为a quiet boy 本身就是泛指而不是特指，所以对应的同位语要用one。考点：考查代词。2.I find _ fun to fly kites in the field, especially on a windy day. A. it B. that C. this D. /【答案】A考点：it的用法。3.-How about your English?-I found _ hard to learn it well.A. thatB. itC. thisD. one【答案】B【解析】来源:试题分析：句意：-你的英语怎么样？-我发现学好它是很难的。分析：考查代词it做形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，同时动词find/ think后常接代词it做形式宾语。故选B 考点：考查代词的用法。 4.-There is no more than one washing machine of that kind left in the shop. What about going and buying _?-No, I prefer to find _ in other supermarkets. A. it; it B. one; it C. it; one D. one; one【答案】C考点：考查代词的用法。5. I found _ necessary to save energy and protect the environment. A. that B. this C. it D. one 【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我发现节约能源保护环境是必要的。find it +形容词+to do sth。it代替动词不定式做 形式宾语，故选C。21教育名师原创作品考点：考查代词的用法。6. Who is that girl? Oh，Ashe is my friend，Jane Bit is my friend，Jane Che is my friend，Yukio【答案】A考点：考查情景对话。7.- He was nearly drowned once.- When was _?- _was in 1998 when he was in middle school.21世纪教育网版权所有A.that; It B.this; This C.this; It D.that; This【答案】A【解析】 that 用于指代前面提到的事。When was that?那件事