专四到底考什么.doc

专业四级考试要求我们掌握的语法内容，具体如下：1. 名词：可数及不可数名词；抽象、专有、物质名词的数；s 属格的各种意义；某些以-s 结尾的名词的数；集体名词的数。2. 限定词：限定词与三类名词的搭配关系；限定词与限定词的搭配关系；冠词的类指、特指和独指；冠词的习惯用法； some, any 和 no 的用法。3. 代词：不定代词one, some, anyone 及不定代词one, they, we, you, he的用法；物主代词，非人称代词的用法；反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。4. 动词的时和体：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成体；一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成体；将来时，过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法；情态动词的各种用法；虚拟式，被动态的用法；不定式和不定式分句，-ing 分词和ing分句、 ed分词和 ed分句的用法。5. 定语从句，名词性从句（包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等）；状语从句（包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句）。6. 直接引语，间接引语，并列结构，从属结构（包括独立结构，无动词分句，非限定分句和限定分句的转换）；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级；介词与介词词组；附加疑问句；存在句；主谓一致；后置、前置与倒装；省略。从2005年开始，语法与词汇部分恢复为30道试题，题目中约50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余为语法结构题。从近13年的真题来看，我们不难发现英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕11项语法要点：从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。 辨析练习1.The new colleague_1_to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A. confesses B. declares C claims D. confirms 2.During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few_2_from the novel.A. pieces B. essays C fragments D. extracts 3.During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n)_3_room in the hotels here.A. empty B. vacant C.free D. deserted4.The old couple will never_4_the loss of their son.A. get over B. get away C get off D. get across5. The _5_of AIDS has led to an expansion in research seeking a cure. A. innovation B. selection C. proliferation D. conviction 答案：1. 答案：C 【参考译文】那位新同事声称他在进入我们公司之前在好几家大公司工作过。【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】confess意为“承认”；declare意为“宣布”；claim意为“宣称，声称”；confirm意为“确认，证实”。根据句意，选项C为正确答案。2. 答案：D【参考译文】在阅读课上，老师要求学生读小说的摘录。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】piece指“张，件”；essays指“论文”；fragments指“碎片，片断”； extracts指“摘录，选录”。根据句意，选项D为正确答案。3. 答案：B【参考译文】在暑假期间，旅馆里面是很难找到一间空房子的。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】empty指“空的”，强调房间里无物体；vacant意为“空着的，无人住的”；free指“免费的；空闲的”；deserted指“荒废的，（因被弃）无人住的”。根据句意，选项B为正确答案。4. 答案：A【参考译文】这一对老夫妇永远不能从失去儿子的痛苦中恢复过来。【试题分析】本题为动词短语词义辨析题。【详细解答】get over意为“痊愈，恢复”，指恢复健康、快乐等；get away意为“逃走”，常与from连用；get off意为“(使)不受惩罚，开脱”，常与with连用；get across意为“使人了解，使人明白”。根据句意，选项A为正确答案。5.答案： C【句意】 爱滋病的扩散使得人们做更多的研究工作去寻找治疗的方法。 【难点】 proliferation意为“激增；扩散”；innovation意为“革新，创新”；selection意为“选择；选拔”；conviction意为“定罪，判罪”。1 If your car_ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.A shall need B should need C would need D will need 2. His strong sense of humor was_ make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A so as to B such as to C so that D such thta 3. The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope.A eternal B infinite C ceaseless D everlasting 4. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_ he was warmly received.A as such B such as C as that D so that 5. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid_.A from being taken B being taken C beating D to be beaten 答案：1-5 BBBAB1. 选B. should 用在条件句中，可表虚拟语气，意为“万一”，强调该条件不大可能2. 选B such as to 后跟不定式，引出结果状语，作“如此以至”The problem is such as to interest only a few people.3. 选B。infinite无限的，无穷的，无际的，巨大的，无数的;反义词是finite .We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. 6振奋人心的一句话呢4. 选A。 as such 象这样的人或物，作为这样的人或物，以资格或身分 He considered this matter as unimportant and treated it as such.5. 选B。avoid后必须跟动名词作宾语。 He is wearing dark glasses to avoid being recognized.1.Land belongs to the city, there is_1_thing as private ownership of land.A.no such a B.not such C.not such any D.no such 2.The flats I have looked at so far were too expensive. So Im better off_2_where I am.A.stay B.staying C.to stay D.stayed 3.My son walked ten miles today. We never guessed that he could walk_3_far.A./ B.such C.that D.as4.If talks for the new trade agreements take_4_, food industries in both countries will be seriously affected.A.much too long B.too much longer C.too much long D.much long5.It is not so much the language_5_the legal jargons that makes the book difficult to understand. A.but B.nor C.as D.like 答案：1. 答案：D 【详细解答】no such thing as.固定搭配。意思是，没有像.的事情。2. 答案：B【详细解答】better off在句子里面是“最好还是.”的意思。你把better off去掉，就知道staying是和im相搭配的。3. 答案：C【详细解答】that far，意思是那么远。i never thought i could walk this far.这里的this和that意思也是一样。这么远。4. 答案：A【详细解答】much 用于强调too long.too much后面接名词。所以BC不对。5. 答案: A 【详细解答】法律术语让这本书晦涩难读。it is not . but. 1. Most people cant get _ the day without at least one cup of tea or coffee. A on B through C over D by 2. Youd better look at the difficulty _. A the other way B by the other way C another way D by another way 3. From time to time, there have been _ demands that the basic wage be increased. A insistent B persistent C consistent D resistant 4. The purpose of the survey was to _the inspectors with local conditions. A inform B notify C instruct D acquaint 5. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them _ conspicuous. A all the more B all the much C all more D all much 答案：1-5BCBDA1. 选 B。get through度过，用完，挨过Facing it, always facing it, thats the way to get through. Face it. Get over克服，从（病、损失等）中恢复过来Sooner or later you will get over the shock.Get by维持生活，度日After the police caught the murder, the villagers were able to get by in security once more.2选C Another way用另一种方法You can conduct your business affairs another way.3.选B。Persistent坚持的，不屈不挠的，持续不断的，反复出现的The persistent ringing of the telephone annoyed me.Insistent坚持的，持续的Consistent坚固的，坚实的，一致的，始终如一的His actions are always consistent with his words.4.选D。acquaint with使认识，使了解To be acquainted with the merit of a ministry, we need only observe the condition of the people.Notify含有情况紧急，需要立即采取 行动或及早答复的意思 notify sb of sthIll notify my lawyer of the contract.Instruct教育，指导，讲授，通知Wise men are instructed by reason; men of less understanding by experience; the most ignorant by necessity; and beats by nature.5.选A all the more后跟形容词 ，表“愈加，越发”Learning makes a man wise, but a fool is made all the more foolish by it.1 Please dispose _ those old newspaper while youre cleaning up the room. A out B of C away D in 2. At present there is a _ of iron and steel and more must be produced. A limit B loss C poverty D scarcity 3. He was _ admittance to the concert hall for not being properly dressed. A rejected B denied C withheld D deprived 4. George has a big coffee _ on the front of his jacket. A spot B mark C stain D patch 5.The Christmas presents were all _ in shiny paper. A done over B done with C done out D done up 答案：1-5 BDBCD1 选B dispose of处理掉How can I dispose of my old coat?2 选D。scarcity缺乏，匮乏，稀罕，相当于lack。The causal relationship between scarcity of goods and higher prices is self-evident.3 选B deny“拒绝给予”，后面多接双宾语，那就是用在deny sb sth 的结构中。She denied her son nothing. Withhold不给，拒绝He tried to withhold the truth from us.Deprive (of) 剥夺，使丧失，使不能做No one should be deprived of love without the very best of reasons.4 选C stain污点，污迹，耻辱 Gasoline can remove the stain. Spot点，斑点，污点，场所，地Give me but one firm spot on which to stand and I will move the earth.Mark Cherishing children is the mark of a civilized society.Patch补丁，碎片，小块土地，眼罩Dont put a patch upon it.5 选 D do up包装 Remember to do up the china in newspaper. (这里的china可是瓷器哦)1 Many artists predict that this brilliant young actor _ to be a shinning star. A destines B will be destined C is destined D has been destined 2. His companions have threatened to _ his crime to the police. A impose B express C enclose D expose 3. The patients progress was very encouraging as he could _ get out of bed without help. A nearly B hardly C merely D barely 4. You must insist that students give a truthful answer_ with the reality of their world. A relevant B simultaneous C consistent D practical 5. We have made great achievements, but it does not_ that there are no shortcomings. A result in B lead to C follow D cause 答案：1-5 CDDCC 1. 选C be destined to sth (todo)“ 命定，注定”The enemys attempt is destined to fail 2. 选D. expose“揭露，暴露”，后常跟介词to。Dont expose it to the sun.而impose on/ upon 把强加于Dont try to impose your wishes on us. Enclose 3. 选D. barely“勉强，好不容易才”，表示肯定意义They have barely enough time to catch the train. 4. 选C consistent“一致的，连贯的，始终如一的” His actions are always consistent with his words. 而simultaneous“同时发生的，同时的”Simultaneous interpretation in the United States is a demanding job. 5. 选C It follows that 由此而得出结论 He often gets high scores in exams, but it doesnt follow that he is clever. 1._1_dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.A. Although B. Whatever C. As D. However 2.If only I_2_play the guitar as well as you!A. would B. could C. should D. might3.The party,_3_I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which4.Its high time we _4_, cutting down the rainforests.A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop5.The student said there were a few points in the essay he_5_impossible to comprehend.A. has found B. was finding C. had found D. would find 答案：1. 答案：D 【详细解答】选However。容易误选As，因为as有时用来表示“尽管”，但在那个句型中句首得是形容词或动词，比如可以说Dull as he may be, 。也可以把as放在句首，但要说成As dull as he may be, 。题干中说he may be而不说he is，有增加题目难度方面的考虑。2. 答案：B【详细解答】选could。吉他弹得好坏属于一种能力。3. 答案：D【详细解答】选at which。这道题出得意义不大，其实就是在考guest和party 之间选用什么介词。说at which显得最为自然。4. 答案：A【详细解答】选stopped。也可以说Its time we stopped。5. 答案: C【详细解答】选had found。英语本族语人使用时态时非常灵活，各类英语考试在命题设计上不应该再死抠那些要绕好几个弯子的时态。这道题在这方面分寸把握适度，题干设计得也不错。1.That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness_1_by his lack of talent.A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than 2._2_, Ill marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poor B. Whethere rich or poorC. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor3.The government has promised to do_3_lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area.A. however B. whichever C. whatever D. wherever4._4_if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised5.If not_5_with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.A. being treated B. treatedC. be treated D. having been treated答案：1答案：A 【参考译文】她按照经理的指示办事。【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。【详细解答】 as可做关系词引导方式状语从句；until和when都引导时间状语从句；though引导让步状语从句。根据句意，此处应用关系词引导方式状语从句，故选项A为正确答案。2答案：C【参考译文】那对双胞胎都没被捕，因为我昨晚在一个晚会上看见了他俩。【试题分析】本题考查代词的用法。【详细解答】根据句意，此处指那对双胞胎都没被捕，所以可排除B、D项； none表示“没有(人或物)”，后常跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数形式；neither表示“(二者之中)哪个也不”，后跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。此题中指双胞胎两个人中哪个也没被捕，故选项C为正确答案。3答案：B【参考译文】一段时间以来，世界各国首脑一直在不断地指出达成武器裁减协议的必要性。【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查对时态的掌握。【详细解答】由句中时间状语“for some time now”可知，这里要用现在完成时；选项B为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，故为正确答案。4答案：B【参考译文】你是否经历过明知对方是正确的却不愿意同意其观点的场合呢？【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。【详细解答】本句是一个同位语从句，先行词是situation，从句是对其内容的解释，此同位语从句只能用that引导。5答案：A【参考译文】我们刚在套房里装了两台空调，明年夏天的日子会大不一样。【试题分析】本题考查关系代词的用法。【详细解答】这是一个非限制性定语从句，此处缺少一个关系代词；由于该非限制性定语从句先行词是air-conditioners，所以关系代词应用which1.The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at_1_chemists.A) each B) some C) certain D) any2.You cannot be_2_careful when you drive a car.A) very B) so C) too D) enough3.In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total_3_for living expenses.A) acceptable B) available C) advisable D) applicable4. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to,_4_the color of his skin.A) with the exception of C) by virtue ofB) in the light of D) regardless 0f5.Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full_5_.A) capacity B) strength C) length D) possibility答案：1.译文 这种药到处都有卖的，你在任何药店都可以买到。答案为D。词汇测试。本题测试不定代词的用法。each , some , certain, and any 都可用作名词的定语，但各自的含义不同，使用的场合也不同。2. 译文 驾驶时你怎么小心也不为过。答案为C。惯用法测试。本题测试点是 can nottoo/can nearertoo 表示怎么也不会过分。3. 译文 一般来说，学生的往宿费用应掌握占其所有的生活费用的五分之一为好。答案为B。词义测试题。available 意为“可得到的”（后常接for）；acceptable 意为“可接受的”；advisable 意为“可取的”；applicable 意为“能应用的”（后常接to）4. 译文 这个国家的每个公民不管其肤色怎样都有权利住在他想居住的地方。答案为D。复合介词测试。with the exception of 意为“除之外”；in the light of 意为“按照，根据”；by virtue of 意为“凭借，依靠”；regardless of意为“无论”5. 译文 不出去工作的家庭主妇们常常感到她们没有充分施展自己的才能。答案为A。近义词辨析题。capacity 意为“能力”；strength 意为“力量”；length 意为“长度”；possibility 意为“可能性”。1.Attandances at basketball matches have_1_since the coming of television.A dropped in B dropped down C dropped off D dropped out 2.The meeting_2_at midnight and we all went home.A broke through B stopped off C stopped up D broke up3.How long did it take you to realize he was dishonest? I_3_from the start.A looked him through B saw through him C look forward to him D saw him through4.In the coming term she will_4_the advanced class.A take advantage of B take an account of C take charge of D take care of5.The clouds have_5_the sun.A blocked in B blocked off C blocked out D blocked up答案:1.C解析:drop off减少， drop down卧倒 ，drop out 排出,掉出2.D解析:break up结束，break through突破，stop up=stay up, stop off中途下车3.B解析: see through sb 看穿某人， see sb through帮助某人度过难关4.C解析:take charge of掌管,负责， take an account of 把列表，take advantage of sb欺骗某人5.C解析: block out封闭，block in填塞， 堵塞， block off阻断，堵塞1 Hes_ as a “bellyacher”hes always complaining about something. A who is known B whom is known C what is known D which is known 2. Your advice would be _ valuable to him, who is now at a loss as to what to do first. A exceedingly B excessively C extensively D exclusively 3. More often than not it is difficult to _ the exact meaning of a Chinese idiom in English, A exchange B transfer C convey D convert 4. The scientists have absolute freedom as to what research they think is best to _. A engage B devote C seek D pursue 5. The local authorities realized the need to make _ for elderly people in their production efficiency. A preparation B requirement C specification D provision答案：1-5 CACDD1 选C， “what is called.”, what we call, what is known as 放在名词和名词性词组之前，表“所谓的”。What were called radicals were involved in leading the general strike.2 选 A exceedingly极度地，非常地Im exceedingly pleased to meet you. Excessively 过度，过分地（贬）Dont drink excessively.Extensively 广泛地，广阔地 You should read extensively in order to enlarge your vocabulary.Exclusively 唯一地，只 Hes exclusively employed on repairing cars. 3. 选C convey传达，传递This picture will convey to you some idea of the beauty of the scenery.Convert改变，转变The room was converted from a kitchen to a drawing room.4 选D pursue从事（工作，研究等） Students showed great enthusiasm in pursuing the new learning. 5. 选D provision准备，预备（强调“未雨绸缪”）They spent all their money and made no provision for the future. 1.We tried to settle the problem with them as soon as possible, but they seemed to_1_sincerity.A lack of B be lack of C lack in D be lacking in 2.When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts went _2_their way to entertain the guests.A in for B over C out of D back on 3.The motorist had to _3_to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.A swerve B twist C depart D swing 4.As the director cant come to the reception, Im representing the company_4_.A on his account B on his behalf C for his part D in his interest5.Fat cannot change into muscle_5_muscle changes into fat.A any more than B no more than C no less than D much more than 答案：1-5 DCABA1选D，这里是固定搭配be lacking in，表示“缺乏（某种品质，特点等），不够”。这里的lacking 是形容词，表“欠缺，缺”2选C。 go out of ones way表示“故意”，go in for表示“喜欢上”，go over“浏览”go back on支持3选A swerve表“突然转向，转弯”=dodge，turn；depart表示“启程，离开，辞世”Nothing that was worthy in the past departs. Swing（使）来回摆动，摇摆，旋转 A pendulum swings.4选B on ones behalf 代表某人 I requested that he (should) use his influence on my behalf. 而for ones part至于某人，对某人来说 The physician dismissed the matter as worthy of no further discussion on his part. 而in ones interest= in the interest of sb为了的利益The Prime Minster resigned for the interest of the state.5选A 因为固定搭配 A not any more than B表“正如A不能B也不能”= A no more than B。1 She promised _ late again. A me never being B me to be never C never being D never to be 2. I am,_ asking you to maintain “No smoking ” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. A hence B therefore C subsequently D so 3. This will prove that you have the non-smokers health and well-being_. A on mind B in heart C in mind D on your mind 4. Maybe theres something _ it. A for B over C at D to 5. Wed rather you _ the account tomorrow. A settled B settle C would settle D will settle答案：1-5DBCDA1. D promise to do sth承诺做某事，而never=not to do2. B so和hence一般用于两个句子之间，而不在位于之间，但只由therefore才可置于谓语之间。3. C have sth in mind记在心里4. D 这是一句日常用语来的。它表示“或许其中有一定的道理。”5. A would rather+过去分词，表示虚拟语气1. During the summer holiday season there are no _ rooms in this seaside hotel. A. empty B. blank C. deserted D. vacant 2. Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a _ to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. A. sign B. mark C. signal D. board 3 . Whenever possible, Ian _ how well he speaks Japanese. A. shows up B. shows around C. shows off D. shows out 4. The tenant left nothing behind except some _ of paper, cloth, etc. A. sheets B. scraps C. pages D. slices 5 Shares on the stock market ha