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关键词：: 肉糜切割机设计加工机械设计全套 cad 图纸 word 毕业论文农业机械资料

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摘要

食品加工机械是机械的一个重要发展方向之一，也是国计民生的大事，肉食品加工尤其重要。肉食品加工机除满足生产力的需要外，还需满足全民食品安全卫生的需要。

我国是世界上饲养畜禽最多的国家，同时也是人口最多的国家。由于人口基数的过大，肉制品的需求也大，但是现有的肉糜加工机还是离不开大量的人工操作。由于我国的肉制品加工的基础较差，与国外先进的肉糜加工水平仍有较大差距，相信随着肉糜加工产业的不断发展，这些差距也会越来越小。肉糜切割的广阔市场，使得国内外科研工作者对肉糜加工技术进行不断深入的研究，推动者肉糜加工行业的不断发展。

现在普通的肉糜加工机还离不开大量的人工操作，这样的话肉糜生产的成本更高而且无法保证生产出来的肉糜的卫生；因此研究开发新型的肉糜加工机是必不可少的，只有肉糜加工机具有安全卫生，操作简便，切肉效果好以及加工成本低，加工过程实现自动化控制的特点，那么才能真正满足国人的需求。

关键词：食品加工；肉制品；肉糜加工技术；肉糜加工机。

ABSTRACT

Food processing machinery is one of an important development direction, is also a vital event, meat processing is particularly important. Meat processing in addition to meet the needs of the productive forces, but also need to satisfy the needs of the national food safety and hygiene.

China is a country with the largest breeding livestock and poultry in the world, at the same time is also the most populous country. Due to the large population base, the meat product demand is big, but the existing meat cutting machine still cannot leave a lot of manual operation. Because our country meat cutting of the foundation is bad, and the foreign advanced meat processing level there is still a large gap, believe that with the continuous development of the mince processing industry, the gap will be smaller and smaller. Mince cutting the broader market, make scientific research workers at home and abroad for the mince processing technology continues to in-depth study, promoters mince the continuous development of processing industry.

Now ordinary meat cutting machine still cannot leave a lot of manual operation, so the cost of producing the mince is higher and there is no guarantee that the mince health; So the research and development new meat cutting machine is indispensable, only meat cutting machine has a health and safety, easy operation, good cutting effect, and low processing cost, the characteristics of the cutting process is easy to realize automation control, then can we truly meet the needs of people.

Keywords: Food processing；Meat products；The mince processing technology；Meat cutting machine

摘要I

ABSTRACTII

目录i

第1章绪论1

1.1 课题来源1

1.2 课题的意义1

1.3 国内外肉糜加工技术的发展1

1.3.1 国外肉类加工技术发展......................................................................................................................1

1.3.2 国内肉类加工技术发展......................................................................................................................1

1.4 国内外肉糜加工机的发展趋势2

1.5 课题主要内容及任务2

1.5.1 主要内容2

1.5.2 主要任务2

第2章肉糜加工机整体设计3

2.1 肉糜加工机机总体方案设计3

2.2 设计方案的选择与设计3

2.2.1 肉糜加工机设计原理的选择3

2.2.2 切条机构的选择4

2.2.3 切块机构的选择5

2.2.4 切肉糜机构的选择6

2.2.5 电机机构的选择6

2.2.6 料筒机构设计....7

2.3 本章小结7

第3章轴与轴上零件9

3.1 轴承的选用标准及其润滑和密封和定位9

3.1.1 传动轴轴承类型的选择......................................................................................................................9

3.1.2 轴承的固定形式................................................................................................................................10

3.1.3 轴承的润滑与密封............................................................................................................................11

3.1.4 轴承定位............................................................................................................................................11

3.2 轴.........................................................................................................................................13

3.2.1 轴的设计标准....................................................................................................................................13

3.2.2 轴的设计与强度校核........................................................................................................................14

3.3齿轮的选用标准及校核......................................................................................................17

3.3.1 齿轮的失效形式和设计准则............................................................................................................17

3.3.2 齿轮的材料........................................................................................................................................17

3.3.3 齿轮的校核........................................................................................................................................18

3.4 联轴器的选择.....................................................................................................................21

3.4.1 联轴器类型的选择............................................................................................................................21

3.4.2 常用联轴器的种类及其功能介绍....................................................................................................21

3.4.3 联轴器尺寸、型号的确定................................................................................................................22

3.5 电机的选择.........................................................................................................................24

3.3.1 电动机选择的基本要求....................................................................................................................24

3.3.2 一般电动机的选择方法....................................................................................................................24

第4 章润滑与密封...............................................................................................27

4.1 润滑方式...............................................................................................................................................27

4.2 润滑油种类和选择...............................................................................................................................27

第5 章结论与展望...............................................................................................29

5.1 结论.......................................................................................................................................................29

5.2 不足之处及未来展望...........................................................................................................................29

参考文献.................................................................................................................31

致谢...................................................................................................................33

第1章绪论

1.1 课题来源

食品加工机械是机械的一个重要发展方向之一，也是国计民生的大事，肉食品加工尤其重要。肉食品加工除满足生产力的需要外，还需满足全民食品安全卫生的需要。

研究肉糜加工的方法，肉糜的大小形状体积与口感的关联，研究提高肉糜加工生产力的方法，研究加工时的安全卫生措施。

1.2 课题的意义

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内容简介：: 毕业设计论文任务书机械工程学院学院机械工程及自动化专业一、题目肉糜加工机械设计二、课题来源及选题依据（研究背景）食品加工是机械的一个重要发展方向之一，也是国计民生的大事，肉食品加工尤其重要。肉食品加工除满足生产力的需要外，还需满足全民食品安全卫生的需要。研究肉糜加工的方法，肉糜的大小形状体积与口感的关联，研究提高肉糜加工生产力的方法，研究加工时的安全卫生措施。设计肉糜加工机可供肉糜加工场所加工使用，每小时加工 500 公斤肉糜。三、本设计（论文或其他）应达到的要求 1、根据相应的技术数据确定设计方案。 2、应用绘图软件绘制肉糜加工机装配图。 3、应用绘图软件绘制零件图。 4、参考相关文献撰写设计说明书，说明肉糜加工机中的设计部分。 5、英文翻译 8000 10000 字符（或 3000 汉字）。四、任务落实情况任务起止日期 : 自 2012 年 12 月 6 日至 2013 年 6 月 16 日 nts接受任务学生：班级机械工程及自动化延长班学号 0401070624 姓名沈留军指导教师（签名）：机械工程及自动化学院（教研室）主任（签名）：教学院长（签名）： 2013 年 1 月 11日 nts江江南南大大学学2013届届毕毕业业作作业业周周次次进进度度计计划划、检检查查落落实实表表班班级级：机机自自07060706学学生生姓姓名名：沈沈XXXXXX课课题题（设设计计）名名称称：肉肉糜糜加加工工机机械械设设计计存存档档编编码码：周周次次起起止止日日期期工工作作计计划划、进进度度每每周周主主要要完完成成内内容容存存在在问问题题、改改进进方方法法指指导导教教师师意意见见并并签签字字备备注注12.21-2.27查阅资料，为毕业设计做准备把握大量资料中的重要信息遇到困难、对比各种文献22.28-3.6查阅资料，为毕业设计做准备把握大量资料中的重要信息遇到困难、对比各种文献33.7-3.13毕业设计开题报告43.14-3.20查阅外文资料，进行外文翻译对英语水平要求较高，存在对外文机械术语不熟的问题53.21-3.27查阅外文资料，进行外文翻译对英语水平要求较高，存在对外文机械术语不熟的问题63.28-4.3毕业设计设计方案的确定综合资料对比设计方案，选择最优方案74.4-410毕业设计设计方案的确定综合资料对比设计方案，选择最优方案84.11-4.17毕业设计设计方案的确定综合资料对比设计方案，选择最优方案94.18-4.24初步完成设计图主要还是设计方案的确定，以及总装备图的画法104.25-5.1初步完成设计图主要还是设计方案的确定，以及总装备图的画法江江南南大大学学2013届届毕毕业业作作业业周周次次进进度度计计划划、检检查查落落实实表表班班级级：机机自自07060706学学生生姓姓名名：沈沈XXXXXX课课题题（设设计计）名名称称：肉肉糜糜加加工工机机械械设设计计存存档档编编码码：周周次次起起止止日日期期工工作作计计划划、进进度度每每周周主主要要完完成成内内容容存存在在问问题题、改改进进方方法法指指导导教教师师意意见见并并签签字字备备注注115.2-5.8初步完成设计图主要还是设计方案的确定，以及总装备图的画法125.9-5.15初步完成设计图主要还是设计方案的确定，以及总装备图的画法135.16-5.22初步完成设计图主要还是设计方案的确定，以及总装备图的画法145.23-5.29完成设计说明书对一些零件的选用标准不是很熟悉，计算方面也有一些难度155.30-6.5毕业答辩准备166.6-6.13毕业答辩1718填填表表说说明明： 1、“工工作作计计划划、进进度度”、“指指导导教教师师意意见见并并签签字字”由由指指导导教教师师填填写写，“每每周周主主要要完完成成内内容容”，“存存在在问问题题、改改进进方方法法”由由学学生生填填写写。2、本本表表由由各各院院系系妥妥善善归归档档，保保存存备备查查。Machine design theory The machine design is through designs the new product or improves the old product to meet the human need the application technical science. It involves the project technology each domain, mainly studies the product the size, the shape and the detailed structure basic idea, but also must study the product the personnel which in aspect the and so on manufacture, sale and use question. Carries on each kind of machine design work to be usually called designs the personnel or machine design engineer. The machine design is a creative work. Project engineer not only must have the creativity in the work, but also must in aspect and so on mechanical drawing, kinematics, engineerig material, materials mechanics and machine manufacture technology has the deep elementary knowledge. If front sues, the machine design goal is the production can meet the human need the product. The invention, the discovery and technical knowledge itself certainly not necessarily can bring the advantage to the humanity, only has when they are applied can produce on the product the benefit. Thus, should realize to carries on before the design in a specific product, must first determine whether the people do need this kind of product Must regard as the machine design is the machine design personnel carries on using creative ability the product design, the system analysis and a formulation product manufacture technology good ntsopportunity. Grasps the project elementary knowledge to have to memorize some data and the formula is more important than. The merely service data and the formula is insufficient to the completely decision which makes in a good design needs. On the other hand, should be earnest precisely carries on all operations. For example, even if places wrong a decimal point position, also can cause the correct design to turn wrongly. A good design personnel should dare to propose the new idea, moreover is willing to undertake the certain risk, when the new method is not suitable, use original method. Therefore, designs the personnel to have to have to have the patience, because spends the time and the endeavor certainly cannot guarantee brings successfully. A brand-new design, the request screen abandons obsoletely many, knows very well the method for the people. Because many person of conservativeness, does this certainly is not an easy matter. A mechanical designer should unceasingly explore the improvement existing product the method, should earnestly choose originally, the process confirmation principle of design in this process, with has not unified it after the confirmation new idea. Newly designs itself can have the question occurrence which many flaws and has not been able to expect, only has after these flaws and the question are solved, can manifest new goods come into the market the ntsproduct superiority. Therefore, a performance superior product is born at the same time, also is following a higher risk. Should emphasize, if designs itself does not request to use the brand-new method, is not unnecessary merely for the goal which transform to use the new method. In the design preliminary stage, should allow to design the personnel fully to display the creativity, not each kind of restraint. Even if has had many impractical ideas, also can in the design early time, namely in front of the plan blueprint is corrected. Only then, only then does not send to stops up the innovation the mentality. Usually, must propose several sets of design proposals, then perform the comparison. Has the possibility very much in the plan which finally designated, has used certain not in plan some ideas which accepts. How does the psychologist frequently discuss causes the machine which the people adapts them to operate. Designs personnels basic responsibility is diligently causes the machine to adapt the people. This certainly is not an easy work, because certainly does not have to all people to say in fact all is the most superior operating area and the operating process. Another important question, project engineer must be able to carry on the exchange and the consultation with other concerned personnel. In the initial stage, designs the personnel to have to carry on the exchange and the consultation on the preliminary design with the administrative personnel, and is approved. This generally is through ntsthe oral discussion, the schematic diagram and the writing material carries on. In order to carry on the effective exchange, needs to solve the following problem: (1) designs whether this product truly does need for the people? Whether there is competitive ability (2) does this product compare with other companies existing similar products? (3) produces this kind of product is whether economical? (4) product service is whether convenient? (5) product whether there is sale? Whether may gain? Only has the time to be able to produce the correct answer to above question. But, the product design, the manufacture and the sale only can in carry on to the above question preliminary affirmation answer foundation in. Project engineer also should through the detail drawing and the assembly drawing, carries on the consultation together with the branch of manufacture to the finally design proposal. Usually, can have some problem in the manufacture process. Possibly can request to some components size or the common difference makes some changes, causes the components the production to change easily. But, in the project change must have to pass through designs the personnel to authorize, guaranteed cannot damage the product the function. Sometimes, when in front of product assembly or in the packing foreign shipment experiment ntsonly then discovers in the design some kind of flaw. These instances exactly showed the design is a dynamic process. Always has a better method to complete the design work, designs the personnel to be supposed unceasingly diligently, seeks these better method. Recent year, the engineerig material choice already appeared importantly. In addition, the choice process should be to the material continuously the unceasing again appraisal process. The new material unceasingly appears, but some original materials can obtain the quantity possibly can reduce. The environmental pollution, material recycling aspect and so on use, workers health and security frequently can attach the new limiting condition to the choice of material. In order to reduce the weight or saves the energy, possibly can request the use different material. Comes from domestic and international competition, to product service maintenance convenience request enhancement and customers aspect the and so on feedback pressure, can urge the people to carry on to the material reappraises. Because the material does not select when created the product responsibility lawsuit, has already had the profound influence. In addition, the material and between the material processing interdependence is already known by the people clearly. Therefore, in order to can and guarantees the quality in the reasonable cost under the premise to obtain satisfaction the result, project engineer makes engineers all to have earnestly carefully to choose, the determination and the use ntsmaterial. Makes any product the first step of work all is designs. Designs usually may divide into several explicit stages: (a) preliminary design; (b) functional design; (c) production design. In the preliminary design stage, the designer emphatically considered the product should have function. Usually must conceive and consider several plans, then decided this kind of thought is whether feasible; If is feasible, then should makes the further improvement to or several plans. In this stage, the question which only must consider about the choice of material is: Whether has the performance to conform to the request material to be possible to supply the choice; If no, whether has a bigger assurance all permits in the cost and the time in the limit develops one kind of new material. In the functional design and the engineering design stage, needs to make a practical feasible design. Must draw up the quite complete blueprint in this stage, chooses and determines each kind of components the material. Usually must make the prototype or the working model, and carries on the experiment to it, the appraisal product function, the reliability, the outward appearance and the service maintenance and so on. Although this kind of experiment possibly can indicate, enters in the product to the production base in front of, should replace certain materials, but, absolutely cannot this point take not earnestly chooses the material the excuse. Should unify the product the function, earnestly carefully ntsconsiders the product the outward appearance, the cost and the reliability. Has the achievement very much the company when manufacture all prototypes, selects the material should the material which uses with its production in be same, and uses the similar manufacture technology as far as possible. Like this has the advantage very much to the company. The function complete prototype if cannot act according to the anticipated sales volume economically to make, or is prototypical and the official production installment has in the quality and the reliable aspect is very greatly different, then this kind of prototype does not have the great value. Project engineer is best can completely complete the material in this stage the analysis, the choice and the determination work, but is not remains it to the production design stage does. Because, is carries on in the production design stage material replacement by other people, these people are inferior to project engineer to the product all functions understanding. In the production design stage, is should completely determine with the material related main question the material, causes them to adapt with the existing equipment, can use the existing equipment economically to carry on the processing, moreover the material quantity can quite be easy to guarantee the supply. In the manufacture process, inevitably can appear to uses the material to make some changes the situation. The experience indicated that, may use certain cheap materials to take the ntssubstitute. However, in the majority situation, in will carry on the production later to change the material to have in to start before the production to change the price which the material will spend to have to be higher than. Completes the choice of material work in the design stage, may avoid the most such situations. Started after the production manufacture to appear has been possible to supply the use the new material is replaces the material the most common reason. Certainly, these new materials possibly reduce the cost, the improvement product performance. But, must carry on the earnest appraisal to the new material, guarantees its all performance all to answer the purpose. Must remember that, the new material performance and the reliable very few pictures materials on hand such understood for the people. The majority of products expiration and the product accident caused by negligence case is because in selects the new material to take in front of substitution material, not truly understood their long-term operational performance causes. The product responsibility lawsuit forces designs the personnel and the company when the choice material, uses the best procedure. In the material process, five most common questions are: (a) did not understand or cannot use about the material application aspect most newly the best information paper; (b) has not been able to foresee and to consider the dusk year possible reasonable use (for example to have the possibility, ntsdesigns the personnel also to be supposed further to forecast and the consideration because product application method not when creates consequence. ecent years many products responsibilities lawsuit case, because wrongly uses the plaintiff which the product receives the injury to accuse produces the factory, and wins the decision); (c) uses the material data not entire perhaps some data are indefinite, works as its long-term performance data is the like this time in particular; (d) the quality control method is not suitable and not after the confirmation; (e) the personnel which completely is not competent for the post by some chooses the material. Through to the above five questions analysis, may obtain these questions is does not have the sufficient reason existence the conclusion. May for avoid these questions to these questions research analyses the appearance indicating the direction. Although uses the best choice of material method not to be able to avoid having the product responsibility lawsuit, designs the personnel and the industry carries on the choice of material according to the suitable procedure, may greatly reduce the lawsuit the quantity. May see from the above discussion, the choice material people should to the material nature, the characteristic and the processing method have comprehensive and the basic understanding. nts机械设计理论机械设计是一门通过设计新产品或者改进老产品来满足人类需求的应用技术科学。它涉及工程技术的各个领域，主要研究产品的尺寸、形状和详细结构的基本构思，还要研究产品在制造、销售和使用等方面的问题。进行各种机械设计工作的人员通常被称为设计人员或者机械设计工程师。机械设计是一项创造性的工作。设计工程师不仅在工作上要有创造性，还必须在机械制图、运动学、工程材料、材料力学和机械制造工艺学等方面具有深厚的基础知识。如前所诉，机械设计的目的是生产能够满足人类需求的产品。发明、发现和科技知识本身并不一定能给人类带来好处，只有当它们被应用在产品上才能产生效益。因而，应该认识到在一个特定的产品进行设计之前，必须先确定人们是否需要这种产品。应当把机械设计看成是机械设计人员运用创造性的才能进行产品设计、系统分析和制定产品的制造工艺学的一个良机。掌握工程基础知识要比熟记一些数据和公式更为重要。仅仅使用数据和公式是不足以在一个好的设计中做出所需的全部决定的。另一方面，应该认真精确的进行所有运算。例如，即使将一个小数点的位置放错，也会使正确的设计变成错误的。一个好的设计人员应该勇于提出新的想法，而且愿意承担一定的风险，当新的方法不适用时，就使用原来的方法。因此，设计人员必须要有耐心，因为所花费的时间和努力并不能保证带来成功。一个全新的设计，要求屏弃许多陈旧的，为人们所熟知的方法。由于许多人nts墨守成规，这样做并不是一件容易的事。一位机械设计师应该不断地探索改进现有的产品的方法，在此过程中应该认真选择原有的、经过验证的设计原理，将其与未经过验证的新观念结合起来。新设计本身会有许多缺陷和未能预料的问题发生，只有当这些缺陷和问题被解决之后，才能体现出新产品的优越性。因此，一个性能优越的产品诞生的同时，也伴随着较高的风险。应该强调的是，如果设计本身不要求采用全新的方法，就没有必要仅仅为了变革的目的而采用新方法。在设计的初始阶段，应该允许设计人员充分发挥创造性，不受各种约束。即使产生了许多不切实际的想法，也会在设计的早期，即绘制图纸之前被改正掉。只有这样，才不致于堵塞创新的思路。通常，要提出几套设计方案，然后加以比较。很有可能在最后选定的方案中，采用了某些未被接受的方案中的一些想法。心理学家经常谈论如何使人们适应他们所操作的机器。设计人员的基本职责是努力使机器来适应人们。这并不是一项容易的工作，因为实际上并不存在着一个对所有人来说都是最优的操作范围和操作过程。另一个重要问题，设计工程师必须能够同其他有关人员进行交流和磋商。在开始阶段，设计人员必须就初步设计同管理人员进行交流和磋商，并得到批准。这一般是通过口头讨论，草图和文字材料进行的。为了进行有效的交流，需要解决下列问题：（ 1）所设计的这个产品是否真正为人们所需要？（ 2）此产品与其他公司的现有同类产品相比有无竞争能力？（ 3）生产这种产品是否经济？ nts（ 4）产品的维修是否方便？（ 5）产品有无销路？是否可以盈利？只有时间能对上述问题给出正确答案。但是，产品的设计、制造和销售只能在对上述问题的初步肯定答案的基础上进行。设计工程师还应该通过零件图和装配图，与制造部门一起对最终设计方案进行磋商。通常，在制造过程中会出现某个问题。可能会要求对某个零件尺寸或公差作一些更改，使零件的生产变得容易。但是，工程上的更改必须要经过设计人员批准，以

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