冠词、连词、介词2014.3.8作业.docx

一、冠词: 冠词用在名词的前面，有定冠词“the”与不定冠词“a；an”之分。定冠词表示“确指”，译作“这(那)个”；不定冠词表示“泛指”，译作“一个”。例题解析:( ) _ lady over there is _ university teacher. A) A, theB) The, anC) The, aD) The, the “over there”意为“那边的”，是后置定语，它表示前面名词“lady”（女士）是“确指”的说法，因此要加上定冠词“the”。后半句意为“一位大学教师”，是泛指的说法，因此要加上不定冠词“a”或“an”。由于“university”的读音起始于辅音“j”，因此要加定冠词“a”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) He prefers playing _ piano to playing _ hockey. A) the, the B) the, /C) / , /D) / , the “piano”意为“钢琴”，属于乐器，要求前面加定冠词“the”。后半句中“hockey”意为“曲棍球”，属于球类活动，要求不加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“B”。( ) Mr. Black was made _ manager of our company. A) / B) a C) anD) the “manager”表示被选的职位，前面不应加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 此外，冠词还有许多特殊的用法： 1. 由普通名词组成的专有名词前，要加定冠词，如：the Great Wall（长城） 2. 在拼音名词前，一般不加任何冠词，如：Thomas Green；Changfeng Park 3. 在江、河、湖、海前，即使是拼音名词，也要加定冠词“the”，如：the Dongting Lake 4. 一般用“单数名词加a；复数名词不加the”来表示“泛指”的意思。习题训练：Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内):( ) 1. There is _ “u” in _ word “uniform.”. A) an, aB) an, the C) a, a D) a, the( ) 2. _ sign here stands for _ mistake. A) A, aB) A, theC) The, aD) The, the( ) 3. We made Joyce _ monitor _ her experience. A) a, becauseB) the, becauseC) / , because ofD) the , because of( ) 4.Two months ago Mr. Green wrote _ article on Shanghai International Art Festival. A) theB) anC) aD) / ( ) 5. Q: Is Mr. White _ teacher of your school? A: Yes. _ teacher is from Australia. A) a, AB) a, TheC) the, TheD) the, A( ) 6. Paul is _ European student. He likes to study _ history of China. A) a, theB) a, /C) an, theD) an, /( ) 7. This is _ honey. As we all know, _ honey is sweet. A) / , theB) / , /C) the, /D) the, the( ) 8. They didnt catch the last train because of _. A) some heavy traffics B) any heavy traffic C) heavy traffic D) a heavy traffic( ) 9. It wont take long, its only _ walk.A) ten-minutes B) ten minutes C) ten minutes D) ten-minutes二、介词: 介词是一种虚词，它不能单独使用，后面要跟名词、人称代词宾格或动名词。同一个动词，搭配不同的介词，可以衍变出各种不同含义的词组来，而且在不同场合所用介词也各不相同。因此，介词的用法是比较复杂的，要求我们去逐个记住。只有在看懂、理解整个句意的前提下，才能选对正确的介词。例题解析:( ) Mr. Brown flew to Washington _ the night before last.A) inB) onC) atD) / 在表达某一天的具体时间时，应该用介词“on”。但是本句是表达“在前天的夜里”，与“在前天”(the day before yesterday）相仿，前面不该用任何介词，所以本题答案应该选“D”。( ) The school gate is _ the north of the classroom building. A) in B) to C) onD) at 在英语中，表达“东、南、西、北”的方位介词常见有三个：表示在方位区域的内部时，用介词“in”。如：The playground is in the south of the school.（操场在学校的南面。）表示在与方位区域连壤的外部时，应该用介词“on”。如：Room 203 is on the west of Room 205.（203室在205室的西面。）表示在与方位区域不连壤的外部时，应该用介词“to”。如：Shanghai is to the east of Nanjing.（上海在南京的东面。）本题的“校门”在“教学大楼”的北面，应该用介词“to”，所以答案应该选“B”。( ) Youll get one thousand dollars _. A) after allB) at allC) in all D) all together “after all”意为“到底”、“毕竟”、“终于”；“at all”通常与“not”连用，意为“完全不”、“一点也不”；“in all”通常用于数量词后面，意为“总共”，同义词是“altogether”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) This bus can run _ 70 miles an hour. A) forB) withC) atD) in 在表示“速度”、“温度”、“价格”意思时，应该用介词“at”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) Its said he stayed there quietly _ two oclock that afternoon.A) onB) atC) untilD) by “at two oclock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟”，时态通常用“过去进行时”；“by two oclock that afternoon”意为“在昨天下午两点钟前”， 时态通常用“过去完成时”；“until two oclock that afternoon”意为“直到昨天下午两点钟”， 时态通常用“一般过去时”。本句中“stay”是延续动词，因此可用“until”句型；如果句中谓语是瞬间动词的话，就应该用“not until”句型了。所以本题答案应该选“C”。( ) Tom didnt attend the lecture yesterday evening _ his illness. A) asB) forC) because D)because of 在本句中，“因为生病”是一个词语，而不是原因状语从句，因此，不能选连词“as”、“for”或“because”来连接，而要用介词词组“because of”。所以本题答案应该选“D”。( ) Now its quite important _ us to make full use of time. A) forB) toC) ofD) with “Its important to sb.”（ 意为“它对某人来说很重要”）是词语搭配，“Its for sb. to do ”（意为“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”）是句型。当两者交叉、重叠使用时，词语要让位于句型。所以本题答案应该选“A”。同样，“I like it so much that ”句型中用“so”、而不用“very”，也属于这种类型的表达方式。( ) Its nice _ you to get the ticket _ F1. Its said the car-race is very exciting. A) of, forB) for, forC) of, ofD) for, of 这句是“Its of sb. to do”句型，意为“某人真是怎么样，做了某事”。后半句中“ticket for”是固定词语，意为“什么内容的票子”。 所以本题答案应该选“A”。习题训练:Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示，填入空格内):( ) 1. You can draw it _ paints and brushes. A) by B) with C) in D) use( ) 2. What did you have _ breakfast? A) as B) with C) aboutD) for( ) 3. The police _ helping to make our city a safe place to live and work _. A) is, in B) are, in C) is, / D) are, /( ) 4. Ive got three question _ you to think about. A) of B) for C) give D) to show( ) 5. We can ask people _ the Festival to do the quiz. A) in B) on C) at D) for( ) 6. What happens when we put some sugar _ a glass of warm water? A) on B) off C) out D) into( ) 7. _ they arrived at the village after all. A) At the endB) In the endC) LastD) Attentively( ) 8. The class teacher was sent _ Christmas cards _ some of the students. A) to, byB) / , byC) to, fromD) / , to( ) 9. Q: What is that film _? A: Its a science film. A) likeB) aboutC) onD) for( )10. Why not ask your friend _ some advice if youre really in trouble? A) offerB) to giveC) toD) for( )11. The beautiful house is _ sale. But it wont be _ sale. A) on, forB) for, onC) with, forD) with, on( )12. The weather here was _ cold last week. A) a kind B) a kind ofC) kind ofD) kinds of( )13. The singing group is made _ four handsome lads. A) ofB) fromC) up ofD) up from( )14. Something _ wrong _ my watch, Im afraid. A) is, with B) is, in C) are, with D) are, in( )15. There _ a man and two women _ the picture. A) is, on B) are, in C) are, on D) is, in( )16. Mary doesnt know what lies ahead. _ , shes only 12. A) At all B) In all C) After all D) For all( )17. Should we _ the postage _ the parcel by ourselves? A) pay, onB) pay, of C) pay for, on D) pay for, of( )18. Alice _ her service to the public. A) was awarded the prize for B) was deserved to get the prize for C) was proud for D) was pleased for三、并列连词: 并列连词用于两个并列的简单句中。表示“承上启下”概念的有“and”(并且)、“so”(所以)等。表示“两者取一”概念的有“or”(或者)、“otherwise”(否则)等。表示“彼此矛盾”概念的有“but”(但是)、“while”(而)等。例题解析:( ) Its said Yang Liwei will come here tonight, _ Im not sure. A) andB) howeverC) butD) so 后半句“Im not sure”(我不信)与前句的句意有转折的意思，应该用表示具有转折意思的并列连词“but”才对。“and”是具有“承上启下”意思的并列连词；“so”是具有因果关系的并列连词。“however”(然而)也有转折意思，但是它是副词，用时要用逗号“，”撇开。( ) The boy is too short to reach _ the book _ the magazine on the shelf.A) both, andB) either, orC) neither, norD) not, but“both and”通常用于表示肯定意思的句型，“not but”意为“不是而是”，用在这里都不妥。该句中句型“too to”(太而不能)本身带有否定含义，因而不能再选带有否定意思的“neither nor”(既不也不)了。所以本题答案应该选“B”，意为“男孩太矮，他既拿不到书架上的书，也拿不到书架上的杂志”。( ) _ Tom _ Mary is busy. Youd better play with others. A) Both, andB) Neither, norC) Either, orD) Not only, but also 根据后句“Youd better play with others”(你最好跟别人玩)的意思，前句应该说两人都忙着。因此，该句不能选“Neither nor”(表示两人都不忙)或“Either or”(表示有一人忙)。由于该句中动词用的是单三形式“is”，因此不能选要求动词用复数形式的句型“both and”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 句型“Not only but also”与句型“Either or”和“Neither nor”相仿；要求动词跟后面一个人称变化。( ) Nobody else _ I likes to watch it. A) andB) orC) butD) nor 该句用的是“not but”句型，所以本题答案应该选“C”。要注意句中的动词是根据前面人称“Nobody”变化的。此外，“together with”和“as well as”句型中的动词也是根据前面人称变化的。习题训练:Choose the best answer (选择最