江苏省南京市六合区马鞍镇初级中学八年级英语上册《Unit 1 Friends Grammar》课件1 牛津版.ppt

presentperfecttense presentperfecttense现在完成时 构成 用法一 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果 现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系 也就是强调现在的影响和结果 have has 过去分词 1 都表示过去发生的事2 现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系 不能和具体的时间状语连用 3 一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用 last ago yesterday etc present past ihavelivedherefortwoyears ilivedthere2yearsago eg 1 hehadhisbreakfastat6 00hehashadhisbreakfast 2 whendidyoucomehere iwatchedthefootballmatchontvat9 00 adverbsoftime before bynow sofar once twice just recentlyyet 否 疑 already 肯 ever never allone slife in duringthepast last5years exercises 1 i have lunchalready 2 hasthetrain arrive yet 3 tome never beto china 4 thetwin just see myfather 5 thetwins see myfatherjustnow 6 manytallbuildings build inthepast5years havehad arrived has beento has seen saw havebeenbuilt 用法二 for 段时间since 点时间since 句子 过去时 e g katehaslivedherefor3years katehaslivedheresince3yearsago katehaslivedheresinceshecametochina 表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态 一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去 动词使用延续性动词 常与for或since引导的时间连用 常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变 arrive come gotodiebecomeaborrowleave movebuyopenjoinstart beginfinish endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedin bein bedead have keep beaway beout bea bein amemberof beopen beon beover haveacold beup know beout beclosed beawake beasleep sleep beinterestedin exercises hisfatherhasdied for2years thefootballmatchhasbegun since9 00a m thetwinshavejoinedthearmy sincetheyare18yearsold myteacherhasjustleftnanjing for3days hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9 00a m thetwinshavebeensoldiers beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold myteacherhasbeenawayfromnanjingfor3days 重点句型 itis hasbeen 段时间 since从句段时间 haspassed since从句 eg 他死了两年了 hediedtwoyearsago hehasbeendeadfortwoyears sincetwoyearsagoitis hasbeentwoyearssincehedied twoyearshaspassedsincehedied 1 这本书我借了一个月了 iborrowedthisbookamonthago itis hasbeenamonthsinceiborrowedthebook ihavekeptthebookforamonth sinceamonthago amonthhaspassedsinceiborrowedthebook have hasgonetohave hasbeentohave hasbeenin have hasgoneto 已经去了或在途中 还没有返回 have hasbeento 曾今去过某地 现在已经回来了 后面可接表示 次数 的状语 have hasbeenin 表示某人 已在某地停留一段时间 现仍在那里 其后常带表示一段时间的状语 exercises tom在哪儿 他去书店买书了 我在北京待了5年了 jack去过上海两次了 whereistom hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks ihavebeeninbeijingfor5years jackhasbeentoshanghaitwice correcting 1 ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months 2 mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18 3 jackandtomhavelivedheresince5years 4 thefilmhasbeenonsinceihavecometothecinema 5 whenhasmr licaughtabadcold havekept hasbeenin beenamemberofthearmy since5yearsago for5years came did catch 6 tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried 7 jimhasgonetobeijingfor2years 8 whattimehavethefactoryopened 9 ihavegonetochunhuamiddleschooltwice has hasbeenin did open beento exercises iamanamericanboyicametochinatwoyearsago i study herefortwoyears myfatheroften take me play footballontheplayground lastweeki take totheparkbyhim wesawalotofmonkeys jump inthetree iheardavoicefrombehindwheni walk alongtheriver ithoughtmys