usV高考英语完形填空基本解题技巧指导.ppt

1 基本解题技巧指导 衡阳县第一中学高三教师廖龙梅 完形填空 2 近年高考完形填空题型特点 1 以叙为主 叙议结合 2 篇章短小 意义完整 3 首句完整 主题明确 4 结构清晰 层次分明 5 考查语境 侧重辨析 6 实词为主 虚词为辅 7 逻辑推理 隐于语篇 8 常识语法 每年出现 3 四大要素词汇逻辑语法常识 一个主题 语境 4 完形填空解题步骤 通览 试填 复核 1通览 速度全文 把握大意 快速阅读一下全文 通过通览全文 领会大意 概略地了解文章的体裁 背景 内容 结构层次 情节 写作风格等等 2试填 紧扣文意 瞻前顾后先易后难 逐层深入 紧扣全文内容 联系上下文和语境 展开逻辑推理 注意从上下文中寻找线索 注意词汇的意义 搭配 惯用法 语法 常识等多个角度进行综合考虑 5 3复核 全面检查 确保语意连贯 用词准确 试填后 要把全文再通读一遍 注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺 前后连贯 逻辑严谨 结构完整 首尾呼应 6 考生易失分之处 一 忽视行文逻辑 断章取义 就题论题 二 脱离语境 滥用固定搭配 三 缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异 7 2 注意句与句 段与段之间的起承转合 把握事件发生 发展的顺序和内在联系及文章中的连接词准确判断逻辑关系 这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解 如平行关系 转折关系 让步关系 因果关系 递进关系 增补关系 比较关系以及对比关系等 一 行文逻辑1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句 找到对选择有提示作用的词和句 这些词可能是原词 同根词 同义词 近义词 反义词或概括词的复现 8 1 WhenIenteredBerkeley Ihopedtoearnascholarship Thelasthurdle 障碍 wasthefinal Nomatterwhat48Igot itwouldn tcancelthreeC pluses Imightaswellkissthe49goodbye Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived A plus ItwastheonlyA plusgiven ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship I vealwaysrememberedProfessorJayne slesson youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence 2008 北京卷 48 A gradeB answerC lessonD comment49 A scholarshipB courseC degreeD subject 9 2 2005NMET MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland Ourfatherwasastruggling36 butIalwaysknewhewas37 36 A biologistB managerC lawyerD gardener37 A strictB honestC specialD learned henevercriticizedus butused38 praise tobringoutourbest fathersaid whenIwas23 mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw 10 1 ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain WhenIfinallygottomyoffice Iwas47through exhaust edand48 2008 山东卷 47 A wetB weakC sickD hurt48 A ashamedB discouragedC surprisedD puzzled 11 2 WhenItookthefirstexam Iwas38tofinda77 C plus onmytestpaper 39Englishwasmybestsubject IwenttoProfessorJayne Wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained40 2008 北京卷 38 A shockedB worriedC scaredD anxious39 A butB soC forD or40 A unchangedB unpleasantC unfriendlyD unmoved 12 3 Jenna apopulargirlfromWestwoodMiddleSchool hadgraduatefirstinherclassandwasreadyfornew16inhighschool 17 highschoolwasdifferent 2008 天津卷 16 A processesB decisionsC challengesD exercises17 A ThereforeB HoweverC OtherwiseD Besides 13 1 Manyoldpeopledon thavegood Theycan twatchTV buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio A hearingB healthC eyesightD time2 Atfirstnothinghappened suddenlyalargeratrushedoutofthe A andB orC soD then3 Inparticular therewas andperhapsstillis abeliefinfairies 仙女 Notallofthese21arethefriendly people lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering ThisistrueinthetalesabouttheChangeling Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents 2008 广东卷 21 A babiesB believersC fairiesD supermen22 A powerfulB cruelC frightenedD extraordinary23 A sickB slimC shortD small24 A uncomfortableB unbelievableC unacceptedD unrecognizable C D C B A D 14 4 Oneevening apasser byaskedto23forthenight Seeingthathehadan24face shelethiminandgavehimanice25 Thenextmorningthestranger Onedayanotherman33herdoor Thisonedidnotlooktrustworthytoher 34sheaskedwhohewas 2008 陕西卷 23 A stayB liveC hideD lie24 A interestingB honestC anxiousD angry25 A giftB kissC treatD smile33 A steppedB leftforC stoppedatD walkedaround34 A soB butC althoughD because A B C C A 15 二 固定搭配 2 同义词 近义词 形近词的辨析及转换词的辨析 1 注意固定搭配中动词与介词的搭配 动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等 同时要根据内容选择正确的答案 16 1 Awomaninhersixtieslivedaloneinherlittlecottagewithapeartreeatthedoor Shespentallhertimetakingcareofthetree Butthechildrennearbydroveher21bymakingfunofher Theywouldclimbhertreeandthenrunawaywithpears 22 AuntyMisery ather 2008年 陕西卷 21 A hopelessB painfulC dullD crazy22 A callingB shoutingC announcingD whispering 17 2 Ontheroadoflife thehelpofstrangerscan37ourloadsandliftourspirits 2008年 重庆卷 37 A moveB increasingC lightenD carry3 I40tobeoneofthepeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylinetofindthatmost service 41hadstopped 2008年 山东卷 40 A usedB promisedC deservedD happened 18 1 Itwas4o clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang MrsClarkewas teaatthetime A cookingB makingC burningD serving2 Marl downandhelpedtheboypikeupthesearticles A fellB satC layD knelt3 Bobhadmadea motherhoodcontract declaringthatfor70daysthissummerhewould thecareoftheirfourchildrenandallthehousework A sticktoB setaboutC thinkaboutD takeover4 Whenitwas5 00pm Iwasreadytogohome Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer49IreceivedanemailfromGarth myDirector 49 A whileB whenC whereD after B D D B 19 1 ThetechniqueMooteeusestotreatpeoplewithOCDiscalledcognitive behavioraltherapy 认知行为疗法 Itisbasedonthegeneralideathatpeoplehavetheabilitytochangethe45theythinkandbehave saysMootee 45 A wayB methodC solutionD means2 Givemeahand heshouted hegotneartheboat A whileB tillC forD as 20 changethe45theythinkandbehave changetheway inwhich that theythinkandbehave Eg Thereisno youcouldeverdoit A WayB moneyC oneD idea Thereisnoway inwhich that youcouldeverdoit 21 3 Giventherighttools wecantrainourbrainstoactlikewhattheydidwhenwewereyounger Allthat s50isthepracticedesignedforthepurpose afewexercisesforthemind 50 A requiredB inquiredC acquiredD requested4 WhenSaturdaynightcame Iwasluckily39thetablesnotfarfromthekitchen 40 Istillfeltalittlehardtocarrytheheavytrays 托盘 2008年 全国卷I 39 A leftB givenC broughtD shown40 A ThereforeB HoweverC OtherwiseD Finally methetables 22 1 Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakers facesandthetonesoftheir theycantellliesfromtruths A soundsB noisesC voicesD shouts2 WhenFridayfinallyarrived Ihadto46Cassie sEggOnelookedprettygood 47 myEgg cellentEggdidn tlookquietscientific Wekidscarriedourconditionsupthreestadiumstepsanddroppedthemoverthesidewall 2008年 全国卷I 46 A explainB denyC admitD prove47 A ThereforeB AnywayC OtherwiseD Besides3 Thatdayhetoldhisfather10 what hehadbeenwaitingtohear thathewantedtostudywithanewteacher 11thatpointon everythingturnedaround 2007年 辽宁卷 11 A FromB AtC SinceD After C C B A 23 三 文化背景和生活常识 完形填空试题的阅读材料常以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息 其间渗透着各种相关的常识 从人文科学到历史 地理知识等 我们在做题时 要积极地调动自己所掌握的文化背景和生活常识 注意中西文化的差异 并巧妙地运用文化背景和生活常识 从而大大的简化分析与判断过程 24 1 shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls andsheknewitwouldbe18forhertobeselected Twohourslater the19readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout 2008年 天津卷 18 A difficultB easyC boringD interesting19 A editorB bossC candidateD judge 2 Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren workingatalow paidjob Moneywasalwaystight butwehada36overourheads foodonthetable clothesonourbacks andifnotalot always37 2008年 辽宁卷 36 A roofB hatC skyD star37 A littleB lessC enoughD more 25 3 Highschoolwasjustashermomhadsaid Youwillfeellikeasmallfishinabigpond34abigfishinasmallpond 2008年 天津卷 A inreturnforB incaseofC intermsofD insteadof 26 D 1 DidIdosomething wrong 38 Don tyouloveme anymore 39 Mom werejustafewofthequestionshethrewatmeasI40askedhimwhatwaswrong 4o A inter