中考英语语二轮复习 定语从句讲解及练习课件.ppt

theattributiveclause 定语从句 一 定义 用来修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句被修饰的名词 词组或代词称为先行词 二 关系词和先行词的关系 关系词和先行词密切相关 因为关系词用来指代先行词 并且在从句中充当一定的成分 常用的关系词有 关系代词 who whom 先行词表示人 which 先行词表示物 that whose 先行词表示人或物 关系代词在从句中可充当主语 宾语或定语 可以和介词连用的关系代词 whom which关系副词 when on which 表示时间 where in which 表示地点 why for which 表示原因 注意 关系副词在从句中充当状语 三 按关系词种类再学习1 由that引导的定语从句一般情况下that可指人或物 可以代替who whom和which 但不能置于介词之后 如不能用inthat 只能是inwhich 如 theletterthat which ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather 2 由who whom和whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语 有时也可以代替whom做宾语 whom在从句中作宾语 whose在从句中作定语 如 1 thisisthethiefwhostolemybike 2 heistheboywhomyouwantedtofind 3 thegirlwhosemotherisadoctoriswaitingforyououtside 3 由which引导的定语从句which指物 在从句中作主语或作谓语动词的宾语 如 1 thebookwhichmumboughtmelastweekisverygood 2 thehousewhichwasbuiltlastyearbelongstothem 4 由where when和why引导的定语从句where在从句中作地点状语 when在从句中作时间状语 why在从句中作原因状语 如 1 iwillneverforgetthedaywhen onwhich ijoinedtheleague 2 hewillgobacktotheschoolwhere inwhich hestudiednextweek 3 idon tknowthereasonwhy forwhich hequarreledwithzhanglin 四 注意点 1 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时 关系代词常省去 如 theplay which iwatchedjustnowhadbeenontwiceonchannel3 2 当定语从句中含有介词 介词放在句末时 who that which可省略 但介词在关系代词前时 只能用 介词 which whom 结构 如 thisisthehouse that which welivedinlastyear thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear 3 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时 从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致 例如 theboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromclassone 4 注意定于从句中 先行词与关系代词可合成what的用法 pleasetellmewhatyousaidjustnow pleasetellmethethingsthatyousaidjustnow heshowedmewhathehadwritten heshowedmethethingsthathehadwritten 可以看到部分定语从句中 先行词 关系词可以换作what 5 关系词只能用which 而不用that的情况 a 先行词为that those时 用which 而不用that 例如 what sthatwhichisunderthedesk 在桌子底下的那是什么 b 关系代词前有介词时 一般用which 而不用that 例如 thisistheroominwhichhelives 这是他居住的房间 c 引导非限制性定语从句 先行词为物时用which 而不用that 如 thenecklace whichyougavemeasapresent waslostyesterday 6 关系词只能用who 而不用that的情况 a 当先行词泛指代词he they people或指示代词those等时 常用who 如 hewhodoesnoworkgetsnopay 不工作的人是没有报酬的 weareinneedofthosewhocanworkhard 我们需要那些努力工作的人 b 不定代词one ones anyone等作先行词时 多用who 如 onewhoworkswithoutcomplainiswelcomehere c 在非限制性定语从句中 先行词为人时一般要用who 不用that 如 theman whocomesfromfrance helpedusatlast 7 关系词只能用that 不用who或which的情况 a 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 或本身是序数词 形容词最高级时 只能用that 而不用which 例如 hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam b 被修饰的先行词为all few little much everything anything nothing none等不定代词时 只能用that 而不用which 例如 isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop c 先行词被all every theonly thevery thesame thelast little few any no等词修饰时 只能用that 而不用which 例如 thisisthesamebikethatilost 这就是我丢的那辆自行车 d 先行词里同时含有人或物时 只能用that 而不用which 例如 icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatisawintheroom e 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句 为避免重复 只能用that 例如 whoisthegirlthatiscrying 2012年中考真题再现 2012贵州贵阳 37 whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms verygood ilikeclothes makemefeelcomfortable a thatb whatc who 2012广东 42 therewillbeaflowershowinthepark wevisitedlastweek whob whenc whatd which 2012广西玉林 37 nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill soweshoulddosomething canhelpstopsmoking a whatb whoc d that 2012湖北黄石 30 istillrememberthetime wespenttogetheratxisaimountainlastyear a whenb whatc whod which 2012湖北十堰 38 oneofthemostdeliciousdrinks ilikeisorangejuice a whichb thatc whosed whom a d d d b 2012湖北随州 35 therearesomanygirlsoverthere whichoneisyoursister theone hatisyellow a whob whosec thatd which 2012湖北咸宁 29 wealllikethestoryabouttheteacher happenedinourschoollastweek a whichb whoc whomd what 2012江苏扬州 12 zhangliliisconsideredasthemostbeautifulteacher gaveherlovetoherstudentsindanger a whob thatc whomd which 2012广东省梅州市 35 mr smith issmokingislookingfor shelostyesterday a whom whichb who whatc that whod which where b a b b 2012河南 33 successwillbelongtothose neversay impossible a whomb whatc whod which 2012山东滨州 33 whatareyoulookingfor i mlookingforthering myhusbandboughtmelastyear a thatb whoc whomd it 2012山东泰安 38 ihatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle a whob whichc whosed whom 2012四川达州 23 doyouenjoymyheartwillgoon no iprefersongs loud a thatisb whichisc thatared whatare c a a c 2012四川宜宾 26 thisistheprimaryschool istudiedthreeyearsago a whereb whenc thatd which 2012天津 44 pleasepassmethecartoonbook hasamickeymouseonthecover a whomb whosec whod which 2012浙江嘉兴 21 moststudentsliketheteachers understandthemwella whob whenc whatd which 2012贵州黔东南州 29 doyouknowth