研究生英语考卷(2010年6月).doc

南京林业大学研究生英语期末试题（A）2010年6月Part ILISTENING COMPREHENSION(20 points, 1 point each)Section A Listen to the conversations carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard.1. a. The bookstore is rarely crowded. b. The woman has bought all her textbooks for this semester. c. Many students have used books to sell. d. Last semesters books cost the woman several hundred dollars.2. a. The graph is in the center of the page. b. She cant discuss the problem until later. c. Shes only finished half of the document. d. They should look for another graph immediately.3. a. Hes supposed to go to the meeting. b. He wants the woman to give George the message. c. He doesnt know why George cant attend the meeting. d. He forgot to deliver a message.4. a. End his conversation quickly. b. Make several calls for the woman. c. Take the phone off the hook. d. Write down his phone number.5. a. Return his literature books to the library. b. Keep his books from the literature class.c. Sell his literature books to the woman. d. give his literature books to his roommate.6. a. Fill out an application form. b. Apply for a different position c. File the papers in the cabinet. d. Show her the advertisement from the newspaper7. a. Go with her to the airport. b. Talk to her for a short time. c. Find out when the plane is leaving. d. Make the phone call now.8. a. He will give the woman directions to Chicago. b. He will drive the woman to Chicago. c. He will get a map for the woman. d. He will take the woman to the bookstore.9. a. He didnt show his paintings at the exhibit. b. He didnt see the paintings. c. He doesnt understand Teds art. d. The exhibit was canceled.10. a. The woman has canceled her trip to Iowa. b. The snowstorm is getting weaker. c. The mans information isnt accurate. d. They also may get a lot of snow.11. a. She will spend some time to get ready for the dinner. b. She will join them for dinner on time. c. She will go out shopping. d. She will need all the time she can get to prepare for a test.12. a. Take the class this semester. b. Get permission to take the class. c. Take the class over again. d. Register for the class next semester.13. a. He doesnt like his new eyeglass frames. b. He hasnt had a haircut. c. He got his eyeglasses a long time ago. d. He has been asked by several people about his new eyeglass frames.14. a. He shouldnt have applied for the job. b. He is disappointed with his interview. c. He performed well in the interview. d. He doesnt want to discuss the interview now.15. a. She left the lecture for a few minutes. b. She was reading during the lecture. c. She may have fallen asleep. d. She misunderstood the speakers last points.Section B Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you have heard.16. a. To protect the United States from terrorist attacks. b. To investigate threats from other countries. c. To employ more people skilled in languages. d. To appoint more people to intelligence positions.17. a. The FBI has failed to collect information about religious organizations. b. The FBI headquarters lacks skilled agents. c. More hands are greatly needed in gathering information about terrorist attacks. d. The FBI has been criticized for its actions in relation to the Sept. 11th terrorist attacks.18. a. 11,500. b. 900. c. 500. d. 1,900.19. a. People whose major is information technology. b. People who studied foreign languages in college. c. People skilled in computer technology, science and languages. d. people skilled in gathering and studying intelligence information.20. a. The new rules interfere with traditional American rights. b. The new rules have threatened the safety of American Muslims. c. The new rules will bring efficiency to the FBI. d. Under the new rules, political dissenters will be expelled from the U.S.PART II VOCABULARY (15 points, 0.5 point each ) Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined one, and blacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 21. I tried to explain, but he just gave me a blank look.A. funny B. expressionless C. generous D. attractive22. There are literally millions of new acquaintances waiting to be picked up in a chat room to fill that void. A. vacancy B. compensation C. competency D. completion23. Far too often, even his parents, intimidated by the high-priced, high-tech gadget that has sucked their childs humanity away, tiptoe around rather than disturb him. A. united B. composed C. frightened D. maimed24. The whole planet has become a war zone generating a bio-crisis not just for individual species, but for entire webs of life. A. producing B. enforcing C. exemplifying D. clarifying25. I dont know what will become of the boy if he keeps failing his exams. A. happen to B. blow down C. attribute to D. conflict with26. Industrial contamination is pervasive, even in the fat cells of Antarctic penguins. A. critical B. widespread C. undoing D. frenzy27. There are copious signs that our ability to feed ourselves is declining due to abuse and over-exploitation of our food sources. A. ideal B. abundant C. contrary D. obvious28. Our century has given a privileged layer or humanity an industrially organized life more opulent, more wasteful yet also more alienated and depressed than that of any ancient king. A. tangible B. hypnotic C. plentiful D. improbable29. Eco-efficiency had directed business to restrict industry and curtail growth. A. tout B. zinger C. threaten D. limit 30. Henry Ford, the American industrialist, was adamant about lean and clean operating policies. A. solemn B. unaware C. unyielding D. Caustic31. All biological nutrients should be designed to return to the organic cycle - to be literally consumed by microorganisms and other creatures in the soil. A. briefly B. wholly C. exactly D. hardly32. As novel as eco-efficiency may have seemed at the Earth Summit in 1992, its roots go back to early industrialization. A. awful B. hideous C. queer D. new 33. This paper presents some data from a survey of Open University undergraduate students carried out early in 1998. A. offers B. inquires C. wads D. morphs34. In a world where humans are the measure of all things, every unique manifestation of life becomes merchandise and rare butterflies have little chance of living out their ownevolutionary destiny. A. impression B. demonstration C. exaggeration D. investigation35. Sadly, such macrocosmic insults as dam construction, logging, the use of biocides, and urban sprawl function as a threat to butterflies and their habitat.A. development B. gadget C. one-liner D. expansion36. There is a wide divergence of opinion about planetary carrying-capacity.A. dilemma B. agreement C. disagreement D. irony37. I have practised Tai Chi, an ancient meditative martial art.A. sporting B. macrocosmicC. thoughtfulD. traditional38. She feels great empathy with her little daughter. A. embassy B. carrying C. inspiring D. sharing 39. Their willingness to compromise, to accept the idea that such give-and-take is part of life, allows the game to proceed. A. desensitize B. stalk C. suspend D. continue40. The act of playing with the Play-Doh sparks other interests - maybe shell work with modeling clay that she can bake into a permanent form, or paints. A. incites B. forms C. smashes D. Enjoys41. Pragmatic self-interest alone should teach us that we must change before nature exacts inevitable revenge. A. demands B. provides C. renews D. inspired42. An optimistic, problem-solving attitude can sometimes conceal a deeper despair. A. diverge B. hide C. alter D. intercept43. Although it is cheap, the original high-quality material is not retrieved, and it eventually ends up in landfill or incinerators. A. improved B. found C. regained D. depleted44. Manufactured carpets are normally made from nylon embedded in fiberglass and PVC, along with some biodegradable materials. A. removed B. retained C. fixed D. replaced45. The same ideal was promoted by the Business Council in 1992, but with the catchier term “eco-efficiency”. A. refused B. criticized C. supported D. corrected46. It is difficult to get reliable data about use and access to ICTs in the home. A. exact B. proper C. compulsory D. dependable47. Data from this group therefore gives some indication of what the similar population might be experiencing nationally. A. sign B. privilege C. prize D. investigation48. The data identifies a situation of unequal access to ICT hardware. A. proves B. facilitates C. appeals to D. predicted49. It is the potential of electronic communication which ICTs offer that open new possibilities for adult and continuing education. A. advantage B. possibility C. inequality D. interaction50. A slightly larger percentage of men are using the web for study: 15%, compared with 13% of women. A. partial B. proportion C. number D. amountPART III READING COMPREHENSION (20 points, 1 point each )Directions: In this part of the test, there are four passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D and blacken the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyze their embarrassing lapses ( 差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random (随机的).One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,” explains the professor. People program themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the womans custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the program, About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these program assembly failures,Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing - an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain programs occurs, as for instance between going to and from work. Women on average reported slightly more lapses - 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.51. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects_.A) to keep track of people who tend to forget thingsB) to report their embarrassing lapses at randomC) to analyze their awkward experiences scientificallyD) to keep a record of what they did unintentionally52. Professor Smith discovered that_.A) certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidentsB) many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindednessC) men tend to be more absent-minded than womenD) absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness53. Program assembly failures (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people_.A) often fail to program their routines beforehandB) tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurryC) unconsciously change the sequence of doing thingsD) are likely to mess things up if they are too tired54. We learn from the third paragraph that_.A) absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the dayB) women are very careful to perform actions during peak periodsC) women experience more peak periods of absent-mindednessD) mens absent-mindedness often results in funny situations55. It can be concluded from the passage that_.A) people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapsesB) hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good atC) people should be careful when programming their actionsD) lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentrationPassage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. Throughout the nations more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a new international analysis suggests that this variability has instead contributed to lackluster (平淡的) achievement scores by U.S. children relative to their peers in other developed countries. Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, no single intellectually coherent vision dominates U.S. educational practice in math or science. The reason, he said, is because the system is deeply and fundamentally flawed. The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual U.S. communities, the report finds, but there appears to be little strategic focus within a school districts curricula, its textbooks, or its teachers activities. This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programs of most other countries. On average, U.S. students study more topics within science and math than their international counterparts do. This creates an educational environment that is a mile wide and an inch deep, Schmidt notes. For instance, eighth graders in the United States cover about 33 topics in math versus just 19 in Japan. Among science courses, the international gap is even wider. U.S. curricula for this age level resemble those of a small group of countries including Australia, Thailand, Iceland, and Bulgaria. Schmidt asks whether the United States wants to be classed with these nations, whose educational systems share our pattern of splintered (支离破碎的) visions but which are not economic leaders. The new report couldnt come at a better time, says Gerald Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association in Arlington. The new National Science Education Standards provide that focused vision, including the call to do less, but in greater depth. Implementing the new science standards and their math counterparts will be the challenge, he and Schmidt agree, because the decentralized responsibility for education in the United States requires that any reforms be tailored and instituted one community at a time. In fact, Schmidt argues, reforms such as these proposed national standards face an almost impossible task, because even though they are intellectually coherent, each becomes only one more voice in the babble ( 嘈杂声). 56. According to the passage, the teaching of science and math in America is A) focused on tapping students potential B) characterized by its diversity C) losing its vitality gradually D) going downhill in recent years 57. The fundamental flaw of American school education is that _. A) it lacks a coordinated national program B) it sets a very low academic standard for students C) it relies heavily on the initiative of individual teachers D) it attaches too much importance to intensive study of school subjects 58. By saying that the U.S. educational environment is a mile wide and an inch deep (Line 2, Para. 5), the author means U.S. educational practice _. A) lays stress on quality at the expense of quantity B) offers an environment for comprehensive education C) encourages learning both in depth and in scope D) scratches the surface of a wide range of topics 59. The new National Science Education Standards are good news in that they will A) provide depth to school science education B) solve most of the problems in school teaching C) be able to meet the demands of the community D) quickly dominate U.S. educational practice 60. Putting the new science and math standards into practice will prove difficult because _. A) there is always controversy in educational circles B) not enough educators have realized the necessity for doing so C) school districts are resp